Letter1
ToMrs.Saville,England.
St.
Petersburgh,Dec.11th,17—.
You
sẽ
willrejoicetohearthatkhông
nodisasterhasaccompaniedthecommencementofmột
anenterprisewhichyouhaveregardedvới
withsuchevilforebodings.Iarrived
đây
hereyesterday,andmyfirsttaskistoassuremythân
dearsisterofmywelfarevà
andincreasingconfidenceinthesuccessofmyundertaking.Iam
đã
alreadyfarnorthofLondon,và
andasIwalkinthestreetsofPetersburgh,Icảm thấy
feelacoldnorthernbreezeplayuponmycheeks,whichbracesmynervesvà
andfillsmewithdelight.Doyou
hiểu
understandthisfeeling?Thisbreeze,
mà
whichhastravelledfromtheregionstowardsmà
whichIamadvancing,givesmemột
aforetasteofthoseicyclimes.Inspiritedby
này
thiswindofpromise,mydaydreamstrở nên
becomemoreferventandvivid.I
cố gắng
tryinvaintobepersuadedrằng
thatthepoleistheseatoffrostvà
anddesolation;iteverpresentsitselftomyimaginationastheregionofbeauty
và
anddelight.There,Margaret,thesunisforevervisible,itsbroaddisk
chỉ
justskirtingthehorizonanddiffusingmột
aperpetualsplendour.There—forwithyourleave,my
em gái
sister,Iwillputsometrustinprecedingnavigators—theresnowvà
andfrostarebanished;and,sailing
qua
overacalmsea,wecó thể
maybewaftedtoalandsurpassinginwondersvà
andinbeautyeveryregionhithertodiscoveredonthehabitableglobe.Itsproductions
và
andfeaturesmaybewithoutexample,asthephenomenaoftheheavenlybodiesundoubtedlyareinthoseundiscoveredsolitudes.Whatmaynotbeexpectedin
một
acountryofeternallight?I
có thể
maytherediscoverthewondroussức mạnh
powerwhichattractstheneedlevà
andmayregulateathousandcelestialobservationsthatrequirechỉ
onlythisvoyagetorendertheirseemingeccentricitiesconsistentforever.Ishallsatiatemyardentcuriosity
với
withthesightofaphần
partoftheworldnevertrước
beforevisited,andmaytreadmột
alandneverbeforeimprintedbythefootofman.Thesearemyenticements,
và
andtheyaresufficienttoconquerallfearofdangerhoặc
ordeathandtoinducemetocommencethislaboriousvoyagevới
withthejoyachildfeelskhi
whenheembarksinanhỏ
littleboat,withhisholidaymates,onanexpeditionofdiscoverylên
uphisnativeriver.Butsupposing
tất cả
alltheseconjecturestobefalse,youcannotcontesttheinestimablebenefitwhichIshallconferontất cả
allmankind,tothelastgeneration,bydiscoveringmột
apassagenearthepoletothosecountries,toreachwhichatpresentsomanymonthsarerequisite;hoặc
orbyascertainingthesecretofthemagnet,mà
which,ifatallpossible,canchỉ
onlybeeffectedbyanundertakingsuchastôi
mine.Thesereflectionshavedispelledtheagitation
với
withwhichIbeganmyletter,và
andIfeelmyheartglowvới
withanenthusiasmwhichelevatesmetoheaven,forgì
nothingcontributessomuchtotranquillisethemindasasteadypurpose—ađiểm
pointonwhichthesoulcó thể
mayfixitsintellectualeye.Này
Thisexpeditionhasbeenthefavouritedreamofmyearlyyears.I
đã
havereadwithardourtheaccountsofcác
thevariousvoyageswhichhavebeenmadeincác
theprospectofarrivingatcác
theNorthPacificOceanthroughcác
theseaswhichsurroundthepole.You
có thể
mayrememberthatahistoryoftất cả
allthevoyagesmadeforpurposesofdiscoverycomposedcác
thewholeofourgoodChú
UncleThomas’library.Myeducationwasneglected,
nhưng
yetIwaspassionatelyfondofreading.Những
Thesevolumesweremystudydayvà
andnight,andmyfamiliarityvới
withthemincreasedthatregretwhichIhadfelt,asmột
achild,onlearningthatmyfather’sdyinginjunctionhadforbiddenmychú
uncletoallowmetoembarkinmột
aseafaringlife.Thesevisionsfaded
khi
whenIperused,forthefirstlần
time,thosepoetswhoseeffusionsentrancedmysoulvà
andliftedittoheaven.I
cũng
alsobecameapoetandforonenăm
yearlivedinaparadiseofmyowncreation;Iimagined
rằng
thatIalsomightobtainmột
anicheinthetemplenơi
wherethenamesofHomervà
andShakespeareareconsecrated.Youarewellacquainted
với
withmyfailureandhowheavilyIborethedisappointment.Nhưng
ButjustatthattimeIinheritedthefortuneofmycousin,và
andmythoughtswereturnedintothechanneloftheirearlierbent.Sáu
SixyearshavepassedsinceIresolvedonmypresentundertaking.I
có thể
can,evennow,rememberthegiờ
hourfromwhichIdedicatedmyselftonày
thisgreatenterprise.Icommencedbyinuringmy
cơ
bodytohardship.Iaccompanied
các
thewhale-fishersonseveralexpeditionstocác
theNorthSea;Ivoluntarilyendured
lạnh
cold,famine,thirst,andwantofngủ
sleep;Ioftenworkedharder
hơn
thanthecommonsailorsduringthengày
dayanddevotedmynightstothestudyofmathematics,thetheoryofmedicine,và
andthosebranchesofphysicalsciencefromđó
whichanavaladventurermightderivethegreatestpracticaladvantage.TwiceI
thực sự
actuallyhiredmyselfasanunder-mateinaGreenlandwhaler,và
andacquittedmyselftoadmiration.I
phải
mustownIfeltalittleproudkhi
whenmycaptainofferedmethethứ hai
seconddignityinthevesselvà
andentreatedmetoremainvới
withthegreatestearnestness,sovaluabledidheconsidermyservices.Và
Andnow,dearMargaret,doInotdeservetoaccomplishmột
somegreatpurpose?Mylifemighthavebeenpassedinease
và
andluxury,butIpreferredglorytoeveryenticementmà
thatwealthplacedinmypath.Oh,
đó
thatsomeencouragingvoicewouldtrả lời
answerintheaffirmative!Mycourage
và
andmyresolutionisfirm;nhưng
butmyhopesfluctuate,andmyspiritsareoftendepressed.Iamabouttoproceedon
một
alonganddifficultvoyage,những
theemergenciesofwhichwilldemandtất cả
allmyfortitude:Iamrequirednot
chỉ
onlytoraisethespiritsofothers,nhưng
butsometimestosustainmyriêng
own,whentheirsarefailing.Đây
ThisisthemostfavourableperiodfortravellinginRussia.Theyflyquicklyoverthesnowintheirsledges;
themotionispleasant,
và
and,inmyopinion,farmoreagreeablethanthatofmột
anEnglishstagecoach.Thecoldisnotexcessive,
nếu
ifyouarewrappedinfurs—adressmà
whichIhavealreadyadopted,forthereismột
agreatdifferencebetweenwalkingthedeckvà
andremainingseatedmotionlessforhours,khi
whennoexercisepreventsthemáu
bloodfromactuallyfreezinginyourveins.I
có
havenoambitiontolosemylifeonthepost-roadgiữa
betweenSt.PetersburghandArchangel.Ishalldepartforthelatter
thị trấn
towninafortnightorba
threeweeks;andmyintentionistohire
một
ashipthere,whichcaneasilybedonebypayingtheinsurancefortheowner,và
andtoengageasmanysailorsasIthinknecessaryamongthosengười
whoareaccustomedtothewhale-fishing.IdonotintendtosailuntilthemonthofJune;
và
andwhenshallIreturn?Ah,
thân
dearsister,howcanItrả lời
answerthisquestion?IfIsucceed,
nhiều
many,manymonths,perhapsyears,sẽ
willpassbeforeyouandIcó thể
maymeet.IfIfail,you
sẽ
willseemeagainsoon,hoặc
ornever.Farewell,mydear,excellentMargaret.
Heavenshowerdownblessingsonyou,
và
andsaveme,thatIcó thể
mayagainandagaintestifymygratitudefortất cả
allyourloveandkindness.Letter2
ToMrs.Saville,England.
Archangel,28thMarch,17—.
Howslowlythe
thời gian
timepasseshere,encompassedasIambyfrostvà
andsnow!Yetasecondstepistakentowardsmyenterprise.
I
đã
havehiredavesselandamoccupiedincollectingmysailors;những
thosewhomIhavealreadyengagedappeartobemenonwhomIcó thể
candependandarecertainlypossessedofdauntlesscourage.ButI
có
haveonewantwhichIcó
haveneveryetbeenabletosatisfy,và
andtheabsenceoftheobjectofmà
whichInowfeelasanhất
mostsevereevil,Ihavekhông
nofriend,Margaret:whenIamglowing
với
withtheenthusiasmofsuccess,có
therewillbenonetoparticipatemyjoy;nếu
ifIamassailedbydisappointment,không
noonewillendeavourtosustainmeindejection.Ishallcommitmythoughtstopaper,itistrue;
nhưng
butthatisapoormediumforthecommunicationoffeeling.Idesirethecompanyof
một
amanwhocouldsympathisevới
withme,whoseeyeswouldreplytomine.You
có thể
maydeemmeromantic,mythân
dearsister,butIbitterlycảm thấy
feelthewantofafriend.Ihave
không
noonenearme,gentlenhưng
yetcourageous,possessedofacultivatedascũng
wellasofacapaciousmind,whosetastesarelikemysở hữu
own,toapproveoramendmyplans.Howwouldsuch
một
afriendrepairthefaultsofyourpoorbrother!Iam
quá
tooardentinexecutionandquá
tooimpatientofdifficulties.Butitis
một
astillgreatereviltomerằng
thatIamself-educated:forthefirstfourteenyearsofmy
cuộc sống
lifeIranwildonmột
acommonandreadnothingbutourChú
UncleThomas’booksofvoyages.At
đó
thatageIbecameacquaintedvới
withthecelebratedpoetsofourowncountry;nhưng
butitwasonlywhenithadceasedtobeinmyquyền lực
powertoderiveitsmostquan trọng
importantbenefitsfromsuchaconvictionmà
thatIperceivedthenecessityofbecomingacquaintedvới
withmorelanguagesthanthatofmynativecountry.Bây giờ
NowIamtwenty-eightandaminrealitymoreilliteratethanmanyschoolboysoffifteen.ItistruethatI
đã
havethoughtmoreandthatmydaydreamsaremoreextendedvà
andmagnificent,buttheywant(asthepaintersgọi
callit)keeping;andIgreatly
cần
needafriendwhowouldcó
havesenseenoughnottodespisemeasromantic,và
andaffectionenoughformetoendeavourtoregulatemymind.Vâng
Well,theseareuselesscomplaints;Ishallcertainlyfind
không
nofriendonthewideocean,northậm chí
evenhereinArchangel,amongmerchantsvà
andseamen.Yetsomefeelings,unalliedtothedrossofhumannature,beat
thậm chí
evenintheseruggedbosoms.Mylieutenant,forinstance,is
một
amanofwonderfulcouragevà
andenterprise;heismadlydesirousofglory,
hoặc
orrather,towordmyphrasehơn
morecharacteristically,ofadvancementinhisprofession.HeisanEnglishman,
và
andinthemidstofnationalvà
andprofessionalprejudices,unsoftenedbycultivation,retainssomeofnhững
thenoblestendowmentsofhumanity.Ifirstbecameacquainted
với
withhimonboardawhalevessel;finding
rằng
thathewasunemployedinnày
thiscity,Ieasilyengagedhimtoassistinmyenterprise.Themasterisa
người
personofanexcellentdispositionvà
andisremarkableintheshipforhisgentlenessvà
andthemildnessofhisdiscipline.Này
Thiscircumstance,addedtohiswell-knownintegrityvà
anddauntlesscourage,mademerất
verydesiroustoengagehim.Ayouthpassedinsolitude,my
nhất
bestyearsspentunderyourgentlevà
andfemininefosterage,hassorefinednhững
thegroundworkofmycharacterthatIcannotovercomeanintensedistastetonhững
theusualbrutalityexercisedonboardship:I
có
haveneverbelievedittobenecessary,và
andwhenIheardofmột
amarinerequallynotedforhiskindlinessofheartvà
andtherespectandobediencepaidtohimbyhiscrew,Ifeltmyselfpeculiarlyfortunateinbeingabletosecurehisservices.Iheardofhimfirstinrather
một
aromanticmanner,fromaphụ nữ
ladywhoowestohimthehappinessofhercuộc đời
life.This,briefly,ishisstory.
Someyears
trước
agohelovedayoungRussianphụ nữ
ladyofmoderatefortune,andhavingamassedaconsiderablesuminprize-money,thecha
fatherofthegirlconsentedtothematch.Hesawhismistress
lần
oncebeforethedestinedceremony;nhưng
butshewasbathedintears,và
andthrowingherselfathisfeet,entreatedhimtospareher,confessingatthesametimerằng
thatshelovedanother,butrằng
thathewaspoor,andrằng
thatherfatherwouldneverconsenttotheunion.Mygenerousfriendreassuredthesuppliant,
và
andonbeinginformedofthetên
nameofherlover,instantlyabandonedhispursuit.Hehad
đã
alreadyboughtafarmwithhistiền
money,onwhichhehaddesignedtopasstheremainderofhiscuộc sống
life;buthebestowedthewholeonhisrival,
cùng
togetherwiththeremainsofhisprize-moneytopurchasestock,và
andthenhimselfsolicitedthetrẻ
youngwoman’sfathertoconsenttohermarriagevới
withherlover.Buttheoldmandecidedlyrefused,thinkinghimselfboundinhonourtomyfriend,
người
who,whenhefoundthecha
fatherinexorable,quittedhiscountry,norreturneduntilheheardrằng
thathisformermistresswaskết hôn
marriedaccordingtoherinclinations.“What
một
anoblefellow!”youwillexclaim.
Heisso;
nhưng
butthenheiswhollyuneducated:heisassilentas
một
aTurk,andakindofignorantcarelessnessattendshim,mà
which,whileitrendershisconductthehơn
moreastonishing,detractsfromtheinterestvà
andsympathywhichotherwisehewouldcommand.Tuy nhiên
Yetdonotsuppose,becauseIcomplainmột
alittleorbecauseIcanconceivemột
aconsolationformytoilswhichImaykhông bao giờ
neverknow,thatIamwaveringinmyresolutions.Thoseareasfixedasfate,
và
andmyvoyageisonlynowdelayedđến
untiltheweathershallpermitmyembarkation.Thewinterhasbeendreadfullysevere,
nhưng
butthespringpromiseswell,và
anditisconsideredasmột
aremarkablyearlyseason,sothatcó lẽ
perhapsImaysailsoonerhơn
thanIexpected.Ishall
làm
donothingrashly:youknowmesufficientlytoconfideinmyprudence
và
andconsideratenesswheneverthesafetyofothersiscommittedtomycare.Icannotdescribetoyoumysensationsonthenearprospectofmyundertaking.
Itisimpossibletocommunicatetoyou
một
aconceptionofthetremblingsensation,nửa
halfpleasurableandhalffearful,với
withwhichIampreparingtodepart.Iamgoingtounexploredregions,to“thelandofmist
và
andsnow,”butIshallgiết
killnoalbatross;thereforedonotbealarmedformysafety
hoặc
orifIshouldcomebacktoyouaswornvà
andwoefulasthe“AncientMariner.”You
sẽ
willsmileatmyallusion,nhưng
butIwilldiscloseasecret.I
có
haveoftenattributedmyattachmentto,mypassionateenthusiasmfor,những
thedangerousmysteriesofoceantorằng
thatproductionofthemostimaginativeofmodernpoets.Thereis
gì
somethingatworkinmysoulwhichIdonothiểu
understand.Iampracticallyindustrious—painstaking,
một
aworkmantoexecutewithperseverancevà
andlabour—butbesidesthisthereismột
aloveforthemarvellous,một
abeliefinthemarvellous,intertwinedintất cả
allmyprojects,whichhurriesmeoutofthecommonpathwaysofmen,ngay cả
eventothewildseavà
andunvisitedregionsIamabouttoexplore.Nhưng
Buttoreturntodearerconsiderations.ShallI
gặp
meetyouagain,afterhavingtraversedimmenseseas,và
andreturnedbythemostsoutherncapeofAfricahoặc
orAmerica?Idarenotexpectsuchsuccess,
nhưng
yetIcannotbeartonhìn
lookonthereverseofthepicture.Continueforthepresentto
viết
writetomebyeveryopportunity:I
có thể
mayreceiveyourlettersonmột
someoccasionswhenIneedthemnhất
mosttosupportmyspirits.I
yêu
loveyouverytenderly.Rememberme
với
withaffection,shouldyounevernghe
hearfrommeagain.Letter3
ToMrs.Saville,England.
July7th,17—.
My
thân
dearSister,.Iwritea
vài
fewlinesinhastetosayrằng
thatIamsafe—andwelladvancedonmyvoyage.Này
ThisletterwillreachEnglandbymột
amerchantmannowonitshomewardvoyagefromArchangel;morefortunatethanI,
người
whomaynotseemynativeland,có lẽ
perhaps,formanyyears.Iam,however,in
tốt
goodspirits:mymenarebold
và
andapparentlyfirmofpurpose,norlàm
dothefloatingsheetsoficethatcontinuallypassus,indicatingnhững
thedangersoftheregiontowardswhichweareadvancing,appeartodismaythem.Wehavealreadyreached
một
averyhighlatitude;butitistheheightofsummer,
và
andalthoughnotsowarmasinEngland,thesoutherngales,mà
whichblowusspeedilytowardsthoseshoresmà
whichIsoardentlydesiretoattain,breathemột
adegreeofrenovatingwarmthmà
whichIhadnotexpected.Không
Noincidentshavehithertobefallenusmà
thatwouldmakeafigureinmột
aletter.Oneortwostiffgales
và
andthespringingofaleakareaccidentsmà
whichexperiencednavigatorsscarcelyremembertorecord,và
andIshallbewellcontentnếu
ifnothingworsehappentousduringourvoyage.Adieu,my
thân
dearMargaret.Beassuredthatformyownsake,as
cũng
wellasyours,Iwillnotrashlyencounterdanger.I
sẽ
willbecool,persevering,andprudent.Nhưng
Butsuccessshallcrownmyendeavours.Whereforenot?
ThusfarIhavegone,tracing
một
asecurewayoverthepathlessseas,những
theverystarsthemselvesbeingwitnessesvà
andtestimoniesofmytriumph.Sao
Whynotstillproceedovertheuntamedyetobedientelement?What
có thể
canstopthedeterminedheartvà
andresolvedwillofman?Myswellingheartinvoluntarilypoursitself
ra
outthus.ButImustfinish.
Heavenblessmybeloved
em gái
sister!Letter4
ToMrs.Saville,England.
August5th,17—.
Sostrange
một
anaccidenthashappenedtousthatIcannotforbearrecordingnó
it,althoughitisveryprobablethatyousẽ
willseemebeforethesepaperscó thể
cancomeintoyourpossession.LastMonday(July31st)wewerenearlysurroundedbyice,
đó
whichclosedintheshipontất cả
allsides,scarcelyleavinghercác
thesea-roominwhichshefloated.Oursituationwassomewhatdangerous,especiallyaswewerecompassedroundby
một
averythickfog.Weaccordinglylayto,hopingthat
một
somechangewouldtakeplaceintheatmospherevà
andweather.Abouttwoo’clockthemistcleared
đi
away,andwebeheld,stretchedoutineverydirection,vastvà
andirregularplainsofice,whichseemedtocó
havenoend.Someofmycomradesgroaned,
và
andmyownmindbegantogrowwatchfulvới
withanxiousthoughts,whenastrangesightsuddenlyattractedourattentionvà
anddivertedoursolicitudefromourownsituation.Weperceived
một
alowcarriage,fixedonmột
asledgeanddrawnbydogs,passontowardsthenorth,atthedistanceofnửa
halfamile;abeingwhichhad
những
theshapeofaman,nhưng
butapparentlyofgiganticstature,satinnhững
thesledgeandguidedthedogs.Wewatched
những
therapidprogressofthetravellervới
withourtelescopesuntilhewaslostamongnhững
thedistantinequalitiesoftheice.Này
Thisappearanceexcitedourunqualifiedwonder.Wewere,aswebelieved,manyhundredmilesfrom
bất kỳ
anyland;butthisapparitionseemedtodenote
rằng
thatitwasnot,inreality,sodistantaswehadsupposed.Shutin,however,byice,itwasimpossibleto
theo
followhistrack,whichwehadobservedvới
withthegreatestattention.About
hai
twohoursafterthisoccurrenceweheardthegroundsea,và
andbeforenighttheicebrokevà
andfreedourship.We,however,laytountilthemorning,fearingtoencounterinthedarkthoselargeloosemasses
mà
whichfloataboutafterthebreakingupoftheice.Iprofitedof
này
thistimetorestforavài
fewhours.Inthemorning,however,as
ngay
soonasitwaslight,Iwentupondeckvà
andfoundallthesailorsbusyononebên
sideofthevessel,apparentlytalkingtosomeoneincác
thesea.Itwas,in
thực tế
fact,asledge,likethatwehadseentrước
before,whichhaddriftedtowardsusintheđêm
nightonalargefragmentofice.Chỉ
Onlyonedogremainedalive;nhưng
buttherewasahumanbeingwithinitwhomcác
thesailorswerepersuadingtoentercác
thevessel.Hewasnot,asthe
khác
othertravellerseemedtobe,asavageinhabitantofsomeundiscoveredisland,nhưng
butaEuropean.WhenIappearedondeckthemastersaid,“Hereisourcaptain,
và
andhewillnotallowyoutoperishontheopensea.”Onperceiving
tôi
me,thestrangeraddressedmeinEnglish,althoughvới
withaforeignaccent.“BeforeI
đi
comeonboardyourvessel,”saidông
he,“willyouhavethekindnesstoinformmewhitheryouarebound?”Youmayconceivemyastonishmentonhearingsuch
một
aquestionaddressedtomefrommột
amanonthebrinkofdestructionvà
andtowhomIshouldcó
havesupposedthatmyvesselwouldcó
havebeenaresourcewhichhewouldnotcó
haveexchangedforthemostpreciouswealththeearthcanafford.Ireplied,however,
rằng
thatwewereonavoyageofdiscoverytowardsthenorthernpole.Uponhearing
này
thisheappearedsatisfiedandconsentedtocomeonboard.Good
Chúa
God!Margaret,ifyouhadseenthe
người đàn ông
manwhothuscapitulatedforhissafety,yoursurprisewouldđã
havebeenboundless.Hislimbswerenearlyfrozen,
và
andhisbodydreadfullyemaciatedbyfatiguevà
andsuffering.Ineversaw
một
amaninsowretchedmột
acondition.Weattemptedtocarryhimintothecabin,
nhưng
butassoonashehadquittedthefreshkhí
airhefainted.Weaccordinglybroughthimbacktothedeck
và
andrestoredhimtoanimationbyrubbinghimwithbrandyvà
andforcinghimtoswallowmột
asmallquantity.Assoonasheshowedsignsof
cuộc sống
lifewewrappedhimupinblanketsvà
andplacedhimnearthechimneyofthekitchenstove.Byslowdegreesherecovered
và
andatealittlesoup,whichrestoredhimwonderfully.Hai
Twodayspassedinthismannertrước
beforehewasabletospeak,và
andIoftenfearedthathissufferingshaddeprivedhimofunderstanding.Khi
Whenhehadinsomemeasurerecovered,Iremovedhimtomyriêng
owncabinandattendedonhimasnhiều
muchasmydutywouldpermit.I
chưa bao giờ
neversawamoreinterestingcreature:hiseyeshavegenerallyanexpressionofwildness,
và
andevenmadness,buttherearemomentskhi
when,ifanyoneperformsanactofkindnesstowardshimhoặc
ordoeshimanythenhất
mosttriflingservice,hiswholecountenanceislightedlên
up,asitwere,withabeamofbenevolencevà
andsweetnessthatIneversawequalled.Nhưng
Butheisgenerallymelancholyvà
anddespairing,andsometimeshegnasheshisteeth,asifimpatientofnhững
theweightofwoesthatoppresseshim.Khi
Whenmyguestwasachút
littlerecoveredIhadgreattroubletokeepoffnhững
themen,whowishedtohỏi
askhimathousandquestions;