Beyond Good and Evil | Progressively Translated Turkish B2 Books

Beyond Good and Evil | Progressively Translated Turkish B2 Books

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PREFACE
SUPPOSINGthatTruthisawoman—whatthen?
Istherenotgroundforsuspectingthatallphilosophers,insofarastheyhavebeendogmatists,havefailedtounderstandwomen—thattheterrible
ciddiyet
seriousness
andclumsyimportunitywithwhichtheyhaveusuallypaidtheiraddressestoTruth,havebeenunskilledandunseemlymethodsforwinningawoman?
Certainlyshehasneverallowedherselftobewon;
andatpresenteverykindofdogmastandswithsadanddiscouragedmien—IF,indeed,itstandsatall!
Fortherearescofferswhomaintainthatithasfallen,thatalldogmaliesontheground—naymore,thatitisatitslastgasp.
Buttospeakseriously,therearegoodgroundsforhopingthatalldogmatizinginphilosophy,whatever
ciddi
solemn
,whateverconclusiveanddecidedairsithasassumed,mayhavebeenonlya
asil
noble
puerilismandtyronism;
andprobablythetimeisathandwhenitwillbeonceandagainunderstoodWHAThasactuallysufficedforthebasisofsuchimposingand
mutlak
absolute
philosophicaledificesasthedogmatistshavehithertoreared:
perhapssomepopular
batıl
superstition
ofimmemorialtime(suchasthesoul-superstition,which,intheformofsubject-
andego-superstition,hasnotyetceaseddoingmischief):
perhapssomeplayuponwords,adeceptiononthepartofgrammar,oranaudaciousgeneralizationofveryrestricted,verypersonal,veryhuman—all-too-humanfacts.
Thephilosophyofthedogmatists,itistobehoped,wasonlyapromiseforthousandsofyearsafterwards,aswasastrologyinstillearliertimes,intheserviceofwhichprobablymorelabour,gold,acuteness,and
sabır
patience
havebeenspentthanonany
gerçek
actual
sciencehitherto:
weowetoit,andtoits"super-terrestrial"pretensionsinAsiaandEgypt,thegrandstyleof
mimari
architecture
.
Itseemsthatinordertoinscribethemselvesupontheheartofhumanitywith
sonsuz
everlasting
claims,allgreatthingshavefirstto
dolaşmak
wander
abouttheearthasenormousandawe-inspiringcaricatures:
dogmatic
felsefe
philosophy
hasbeenacaricatureofthiskind—forinstance,theVedantadoctrineinAsia,andPlatonisminEurope.
Letusnotbeungratefultoit,althoughitmustcertainlybeconfessedthattheworst,themost
yorucu
tiresome
,andthemostdangerousoferrorshithertohasbeenadogmatisterror—namely,Plato's
icadı
invention
ofPureSpiritandtheGoodinItself.
Butnowwhenithasbeensurmounted,whenEurope,ridofthisnightmare,canagaindrawbreath
özgürce
freely
andatleastenjoyahealthier—sleep,we,WHOSEDUTYISWAKEFULNESSITSELF,aretheheirsofallthestrengthwhichthestruggleagainstthiserrorhasfostered.
Itamountedtotheveryinversionoftruth,andthedenialofthePERSPECTIVE—the
temel
fundamental
condition—oflife,tospeakofSpiritandtheGoodasPlatospokeofthem;
indeedonemightask,asa
doktor
physician
:
"Howdidsuchamaladyattackthat
en iyi
finest
productofantiquity,Plato?
Hadthe
kötü
wicked
Socratesreallycorruptedhim?
WasSocratesafterallacorrupterofyouths,anddeservedhishemlock?"
ButthestruggleagainstPlato,or—tospeakplainer,andforthe"people"—thestruggleagainsttheecclesiasticaloppressionofmillenniumsofChristianity(FORCHRISTIANITYISPLATONISMFORTHE"PEOPLE"),producedinEuropea
muhteşem
magnificent
tensionofsoul,suchashadnotexistedanywherepreviously;
withsuchatenselystrainedbowonecannowaimatthefurthestgoals.
Asamatteroffact,theEuropeanfeelsthistensionasastateof
sıkıntı
distress
,andtwiceattemptshavebeenmadeingrandstyletounbendthebow:
oncebymeansofJesuitism,andthesecondtimebymeansof
demokratik
democratic
enlightenment—which,withtheaidoflibertyofthepressandnewspaper-reading,might,infact,bringitaboutthatthespiritwouldnotsoeasilyfinditselfin"distress"!
(TheGermansinventedgunpowder—allcredittothem!
buttheyagainmadethingssquare—theyinventedprinting.)
Butwe,whoareneitherJesuits,nordemocrats,noreven
yeterince
sufficiently
Germans,weGOODEUROPEANS,andfree,VERYfreespirits—wehaveitstill,allthedistressofspiritandallthetensionofitsbow!
Andperhapsalsothe
ok
arrow
,theduty,and,whoknows?
THEGOALTOAIMAT....
Bölüm
CHAPTER
I.PREJUDICESOFPHILOSOPHERS
1.
TheWilltoTruth,whichistotemptustomanya
tehlikeli
hazardous
enterprise,thefamousTruthfulnessofwhichallphilosophershavehithertospokenwithrespect,whatquestionshasthisWilltoTruthnotlaidbeforeus!
Whatstrange,perplexing,
şüpheli
questionable
questions!
Itisalreadyalongstory;
yetitseemsasifitwerehardlycommenced.
Isitanywonderifweatlastgrowdistrustful,losepatience,andturnimpatientlyaway?
ThatthisSphinxteachesusatlasttoaskquestionsourselves?
WHOisitreallythatputsquestionstoushere?
WHATreallyisthis"WilltoTruth"inus?
InfactwemadealonghaltatthequestionastotheoriginofthisWill—untilatlastwecametoan
mutlak
absolute
standstillbeforeayetmore
temel
fundamental
question.
WeinquiredabouttheVALUEofthisWill.
Grantedthatwewantthetruth:
WHYNOTRATHERuntruth?
And
belirsizlik
uncertainty
?
Evenignorance?
Theproblemofthevalueoftruthpresenteditselfbeforeus—orwasitwewhopresentedourselvesbeforetheproblem?
WhichofusistheOedipushere?
WhichtheSphinx?
Itwouldseemtobearendezvousofquestionsandnotesof
sorgulama
interrogation
.
Andcoulditbebelievedthatitatlastseemstousasiftheproblemhadneverbeenpropoundedbefore,asifwewerethefirsttodiscernit,getasightofit,andRISKRAISINGit?
Forthereisriskinraisingit,perhapsthereisnogreaterrisk.
2.
"HOWCOULDanythingoriginateoutofitsopposite?
Forexample,truthoutoferror?
ortheWilltoTruthoutofthewillto
hile
deception
?
orthegenerousdeedoutofselfishness?
orthepuresun-brightvisionofthewisemanoutofcovetousness?
Suchgenesisisimpossible;
whoeverdreamsofitisafool,nay,worsethanafool;
thingsofthehighestvaluemusthaveadifferentorigin,anoriginofTHEIRown—inthistransitory,seductive,illusory,paltryworld,inthisturmoilof
yanılsama
delusion
andcupidity,theycannothavetheirsource.
ButratherinthelapofBeing,intheintransitory,intheconcealedGod,inthe'Thing-in-itself—THEREmustbetheirsource,andnowhereelse!"—Thismodeof
akıl
reasoning
disclosesthetypicalprejudicebywhichmetaphysiciansofalltimescanberecognized,thismodeofvaluationisatthebackofalltheir
mantıksal
logical
procedure;
throughthis"belief"oftheirs,theyexertthemselvesfortheir"knowledge,"forsomethingthatisintheendsolemnlychristened"theTruth."
The
temel
fundamental
beliefofmetaphysiciansisTHEBELIEFINANTITHESESOFVALUES.
Itneveroccurredeventothewariestofthemtodoubthereontheverythreshold(wheredoubt,however,wasmostnecessary);
thoughtheyhadmadea
ciddi
solemn
vow,"DEOMNIBUSDUBITANDUM."
Foritmaybedoubted,firstly,whetherantithesesexistatall;
and
ikincisi
secondly
,whetherthepopularvaluationsandantithesesofvalueuponwhichmetaphysicianshavesettheirseal,arenotperhaps
sadece
merely
superficialestimates,merelyprovisionalperspectives,besidesbeingprobablymadefromsomecorner,perhapsfrombelow—"frogperspectives,"asitwere,toborrowanexpressioncurrentamongpainters.
In
rağmen
spite
ofallthevaluewhichmaybelongtothetrue,thepositive,andtheunselfish,itmightbepossiblethatahigherandmore
temel
fundamental
valueforlifegenerallyshouldbeassignedtopretence,tothewilltodelusion,toselfishness,andcupidity.
ItmightevenbepossiblethatWHATconstitutesthevalueofthosegoodandrespectedthings,consistspreciselyintheirbeinginsidiouslyrelated,knotted,andcrochetedtotheseevilandapparentlyopposedthings—perhapseveninbeing
esasen
essentially
identicalwiththem.
Perhaps!
Butwhowishestoconcernhimselfwithsuchdangerous"Perhapses"!
Forthatinvestigationonemustawaittheadventofaneworderofphilosophers,suchaswillhaveothertastesandinclinations,thereverseofthosehithertoprevalent—philosophersofthedangerous"Perhaps"ineverysenseoftheterm.
Andtospeakinallseriousness,Iseesuchnewphilosophersbeginningtoappear.
3.
Havingkeptasharpeyeonphilosophers,andhavingreadbetweentheirlineslongenough,Inowsaytomyselfthatthegreaterpartof
bilinçli
conscious
thinkingmustbecountedamongtheinstinctivefunctions,anditissoeveninthecaseof
felsefi
philosophical
thinking;
onehasheretolearnanew,asonelearnedanewaboutheredityand"innateness."
Aslittleastheactofbirthcomesinto
dikkate
consideration
inthewholeprocessandprocedureofheredity,justaslittleis"being-conscious"OPPOSEDtotheinstinctiveinany
belirleyici
decisive
sense;
thegreaterpartofthe
bilinçli
conscious
thinkingofaphilosopheris
gizlice
secretly
influencedbyhisinstincts,andforcedintodefinitechannels.
Andbehindall
mantık
logic
anditsseemingsovereigntyofmovement,therearevaluations,ortospeakmoreplainly,physiologicaldemands,forthemaintenanceofadefinitemodeoflifeForexample,thatthecertainisworthmorethantheuncertain,thatillusionisless
değerli
valuable
than"truth"suchvaluations,inspiteoftheirregulativeimportanceforUS,mightnotwithstandingbeonly
yüzeysel
superficial
valuations,specialkindsofniaiserie,suchasmaybenecessaryforthemaintenanceofbeingssuchasourselves.
Supposing,ineffect,thatmanisnotjustthe"measureofthings."
4.
Thefalsenessofanopinionisnotforusany
itiraz
objection
toit:
itishere,perhaps,thatournewlanguagesoundsmost
garip
strangely
.
Thequestionis,howfaranopinionislife-furthering,life-preserving,species-preserving,perhapsspecies-rearing,andwearefundamentallyinclinedtomaintainthatthefalsestopinions(towhichthesyntheticjudgmentsaprioribelong),arethemost
vazgeçilmez
indispensable
tous,thatwithouta
tanınması
recognition
oflogicalfictions,withoutacomparisonofrealitywiththe
tamamen
purely
IMAGINEDworldofthe
mutlak
absolute
andimmutable,withouta
sürekli
constant
counterfeitingoftheworldbymeansofnumbers,mancouldnotlive—thattherenunciationoffalseopinionswouldbearenunciationoflife,anegationoflife.
TORECOGNISEUNTRUTHASACONDITIONOFLIFE;
thatiscertainlytoimpugnthe
geleneksel
traditional
ideasofvalueinadangerousmanner,anda
felsefe
philosophy
whichventurestodoso,hastherebyaloneplaceditselfbeyondgoodandevil.
5.
Thatwhichcausesphilosopherstoberegardedhalf-distrustfullyandhalf-mockingly,isnottheoft-repeated
keşif
discovery
howinnocenttheyare—howoftenandeasilytheymakemistakesandlosetheirway,inshort,howchildishandchildliketheyare,—butthatthereisnotenoughhonestdealingwiththem,whereastheyallraisealoudand
erdemli
virtuous
outcrywhentheproblemoftruthfulnessisevenhintedatintheremotestmanner.
Theyallposeasthoughtheirrealopinionshadbeendiscoveredandattainedthroughtheself-evolvingofacold,pure,divinely
kayıtsız
indifferent
dialectic(incontrasttoallsortsofmystics,who,fairerandfoolisher,talkof"inspiration"),whereas,infact,aprejudiced
önerme
proposition
,idea,or"suggestion,"whichis
genellikle
generally
theirheart'sdesireabstractedandrefined,isdefendedbythemwithargumentssoughtoutaftertheevent.
Theyarealladvocateswhodonotwishtoberegardedassuch,
genellikle
generally
astutedefenders,also,oftheirprejudices,whichtheydub"truths,"—andVERYfarfromhavingtheconsciencewhich
cesurca
bravely
admitsthistoitself,veryfarfromhavingthegoodtasteofthecouragewhichgoessofarastoletthisbeunderstood,perhapstowarnfriendor
düşman
foe
,orincheerfulconfidenceandself-ridicule.
ThespectacleoftheTartufferyofoldKant,
aynı derecede
equally
stiffanddecent,withwhichheenticesusintothedialecticby-waysthatlead(more
doğru
correctly
mislead)tohis"categoricalimperative"—makesusfastidiousonessmile,wewhofindnosmall
eğlence
amusement
inspyingoutthe
ince
subtle
tricksofoldmoralistsand
etik
ethical
preachers.
Or,stillmoreso,thehocus-pocusin
matematiksel
mathematical
form,bymeansofwhichSpinozahas,asitwere,cladhisphilosophyinmailandmask—infact,the"loveofHISwisdom,"to
tercüme
translate
thetermfairlyandsquarely—inordertherebytostrike
terör
terror
atonceintotheheartoftheassailantwhoshoulddaretocastaglanceonthat
yenilmez
invincible
maiden,thatPallasAthene:—howmuchofpersonaltimidityandvulnerabilitydoesthismasqueradeofa
hastalıklı
sickly
reclusebetray!
6.
Ithas
yavaş yavaş
gradually
becomecleartomewhateverygreatphilosophyuptillnowhasconsistedof—namely,theconfessionofitsoriginator,andaspeciesofinvoluntaryand
bilinçsiz
unconscious
auto-biography;
andmoreoverthatthe
ahlaki
moral
(orimmoral)purposeineveryphilosophyhasconstitutedthetrue
hayati
vital
germoutofwhichtheentireplanthasalwaysgrown.
Indeed,tounderstandhowtheabstrusestmetaphysicalassertionsofaphilosopherhavebeenarrivedat,itisalwayswell(andwise)tofirstaskoneself:
"Whatmoralitydothey(ordoeshe)aimat?"
Buna göre
Accordingly
,Idonotbelievethatan"impulsetoknowledge"isthefatherofphilosophy;
butthatanother
dürtü
impulse
,hereaselsewhere,hasonlymadeuseofknowledge(and
yanlış
mistaken
knowledge!)
asaninstrument.
Butwhoeverconsidersthe
temel
fundamental
impulsesofmanwithaviewtodetermininghowfartheymayhavehereactedasINSPIRINGGENII(orasdemonsandcobolds),willfindthattheyhaveallpracticed
felsefe
philosophy
atonetimeoranother,andthateachoneofthemwouldhavebeenonlytoogladtolookuponitselfasthe
nihai
ultimate
endofexistenceandthe
meşru
legitimate
LORDoveralltheotherimpulses.
Forevery
dürtü
impulse
isimperious,andasSUCH,attemptstophilosophize.
Tobesure,inthecaseofscholars,inthecaseofreally
bilimsel
scientific
men,itmaybeotherwise—"better,"ifyouwill;
theretheremayreallybesuchathingasan"impulsetoknowledge,"somekindofsmall,
bağımsız
independent
clock-work,which,whenwellwoundup,worksawayindustriouslytothatend,WITHOUTtherestofthescholarlyimpulsestakinganymaterialparttherein.
The
gerçek
actual
"interests"ofthescholar,therefore,are
genellikle
generally
inquiteanotherdirection—inthefamily,perhaps,orinmoney-making,orinpolitics;
itis,infact,almostindifferentatwhatpointofresearchhislittlemachineisplaced,andwhetherthe
umutlu
hopeful
youngworkerbecomesagoodphilologist,a
mantar
mushroom
specialist,orachemist;
heisnotCHARACTERISEDbybecomingthisorthat.
Inthephilosopher,onthe
tersine
contrary
,thereisabsolutelynothingimpersonal;
andaboveall,hismoralityfurnishesadecidedanddecisive
tanıklık
testimony
astoWHOHEIS,—thatistosay,inwhatorderthedeepestimpulsesofhisnaturestandtoeachother.
7.
How
kötü niyetli
malicious
philosopherscanbe!
IknowofnothingmorestingingthanthejokeEpicurustookthelibertyofmakingonPlatoandthePlatonists;
hecalledthemDionysiokolakes.
Initsoriginalsense,andonthefaceofit,thewordsignifies"FlatterersofDionysius"—consequently,tyrants'accessoriesandlick-spittles;
besidesthis,however,itisasmuchastosay,"TheyareallACTORS,thereisnothing
gerçek
genuine
aboutthem"(forDionysiokolaxwasapopularnameforanactor).
Andthe
sonuncusu
latter
isreallythemalignantreproachthatEpicuruscastuponPlato:
hewasannoyedbythegrandiose
tavır
manner
,themiseenscenestyleofwhichPlatoandhisscholarsweremasters—ofwhichEpicuruswasnotamaster!
He,theoldschool-teacherofSamos,whosatconcealedinhislittlegardenatAthens,andwrotethreehundredbooks,perhapsoutof
öfkesi
rage
andambitiousenvyofPlato,whoknows!
Greecetookahundredyearstofindoutwhothegarden-godEpicurusreallywas.
Didsheeverfindout?
8.
Thereisapointineveryphilosophyatwhichthe"conviction"ofthephilosopherappearsonthescene;
or,toputitinthewordsofanancientmystery:.
Adventavitasinus,Pulcheretfortissimus.
9.
YoudesiretoLIVE"accordingtoNature"?
Oh,you
soylu
noble
Stoics,whatfraudofwords!
ImaginetoyourselvesabeinglikeNature,boundlesslyextravagant,boundlessly
kayıtsız
indifferent
,withoutpurposeorconsideration,withoutpityorjustice,atonce
verimli
fruitful
andbarrenanduncertain:
imaginetoyourselvesINDIFFERENCEasapower—howCOULDyouliveinaccordancewithsuchindifference?
Tolive—isnotthatjustendeavouringtobeotherwisethanthisNature?
Isnotlivingvaluing,preferring,beingunjust,beinglimited,endeavouringtobedifferent?
Andgrantedthatyourimperative,"livingaccordingtoNature,"meansactuallythesameas"livingaccordingtolife"—howcouldyoudo
Farklı
DIFFERENTLY
?
Whyshouldyoumakea
ilke
principle
outofwhatyouyourselvesare,andmustbe?
Inreality,however,itisquiteotherwisewithyou:
whileyoupretendtoreadwithrapturethecanonofyourlawinNature,youwantsomethingquitethecontrary,youextraordinarystage-playersandself-deluders!
Inyourprideyouwishto
dikte
dictate
yourmoralsandidealstoNature,toNatureherself,andtoincorporatethemtherein;
youinsistthatitshallbeNature"accordingtotheStoa,"andwouldlikeeverythingtobemadeafteryourownimage,asa
geniş
vast
,eternalglorificationandgeneralismofStoicism!
Withallyourlovefortruth,youhaveforcedyourselvessolong,sopersistently,andwithsuchhypnoticrigiditytoseeNatureFALSELY,thatistosay,Stoically,thatyouarenolongerabletoseeitotherwise—andtocrownall,someunfathomablesuperciliousnessgivesyoutheBedlamitehopethatBECAUSEyouareabletotyrannizeoveryourselves—Stoicismisself-tyranny—Naturewillalsoallowherselftobetyrannizedover:
isnottheStoicaPARTofNature?...
Butthisisanoldand
sonsuz
everlasting
story:
whathappenedinoldtimeswiththeStoicsstillhappenstoday,assoonasevera
felsefe
philosophy
beginstobelieveinitself.
Italwayscreatestheworldinitsownimage;
itcannotdootherwise;
felsefe
philosophy
isthistyrannicalimpulseitself,themost
manevi
spiritual
WilltoPower,thewillto"creationoftheworld,"thewilltothecausaprima.
10.
Theeagernessandsubtlety,Ishouldevensaycraftiness,withwhichtheproblemof"therealandtheapparentworld"isdealtwithatpresentthroughoutEurope,furnishesfoodforthoughtandattention;
andhewhohearsonlya"WilltoTruth"inthebackground,andnothingelse,cannotcertainlyboastofthesharpestears.
Inrareandisolatedcases,itmayreallyhavehappenedthatsuchaWilltoTruth—acertain
abartılı
extravagant
andadventurouspluck,ametaphysician'sambitionoftheforlornhope—hasparticipatedtherein:
thatwhichintheendalwaysprefersa
avuç
handful
of"certainty"toawholecartloadofbeautifulpossibilities;
theremayevenbepuritanicalfanaticsof
vicdan
conscience
,whoprefertoputtheirlasttrustinasurenothing,ratherthaninan
belirsiz
uncertain
something.
ButthatisNihilism,andthesignofadespairing,mortallyweariedsoul,notwithstandingthecourageousbearingsuchavirtuemaydisplay.
Itseems,however,tobeotherwisewithstrongerandlivelierthinkerswhoarestill
hevesli
eager
forlife.
InthattheysideAGAINSTappearance,andspeaksuperciliouslyof"perspective,"inthattheyrankthecredibilityoftheirownbodiesaboutaslowasthecredibilityoftheocularevidencethat"theearthstandsstill,"andthus,apparently,allowingwithcomplacencytheirsecurestpossessiontoescape(forwhatdoesoneatpresentbelieveinmorefirmlythaninone'sbody?),—whoknowsiftheyarenotreallytryingtowinbacksomethingwhichwasformerlyanevensecurerpossession,somethingoftheolddomainofthefaithofformertimes,perhapsthe"immortalsoul,"perhaps"theoldGod,"inshort,ideasbywhichtheycouldlivebetter,thatistosay,morevigorouslyandmorejoyously,thanby"modernideas"?
ThereisDISTRUSTofthesemodernideasinthismodeoflookingatthings,adisbeliefinallthathasbeenconstructedyesterdayandtoday;
thereisperhapssome
hafif
slight
admixtureofsatietyandscorn,whichcannolonger
tahammül
endure
theBRIC-A-BRACofideasofthemostvaried
kökenli
origin
,suchasso-calledPositivismatpresentthrowsonthemarket;
adisgustofthemorerefinedtasteatthevillage-fairmotleynessandpatchinessofallthesereality-philosophasters,inwhomthereisnothingeithernewortrue,exceptthismotleyness.
Thereinitseemstomethatweshouldagreewiththoseskepticalanti-realistsandknowledge-microscopistsofthepresentday;
theirinstinct,whichrepelsthemfromMODERNreality,isunrefuted...
whatdotheirretrogradeby-pathsconcernus!
ThemainthingaboutthemisNOTthattheywishtogo"back,"butthattheywishtogetAWAYtherefrom.
AlittleMOREstrength,swing,courage,and
sanatsal
artistic
power,andtheywouldbeOFF—andnotback!
11.
Itseemstomethatthereiseverywhereanattemptatpresenttodivertattentionfromthe
gerçek
actual
influencewhichKantexercisedonGermanphilosophy,andespeciallytoignoreprudentlythevaluewhichhesetuponhimself.
KantwasfirstandforemostproudofhisTableofCategories;
withitinhishandhesaid:
"Thisisthemostdifficultthingthatcouldeverbeundertakenon
adına
behalf
ofmetaphysics."
Letusonlyunderstandthis"couldbe"!
HewasproudofhavingDISCOVEREDanewfacultyinman,thefacultyofsyntheticjudgmentapriori.
Grantingthathedeceivedhimselfinthismatter;
thedevelopmentand
hızlı
rapid
flourishingofGermanphilosophydependedneverthelessonhispride,andonthe
hevesli
eager
rivalryoftheyoungergenerationto
keşfetmek
discover
ifpossiblesomething—atallevents"newfaculties"—ofwhichtobestillprouder!—Butletusreflectforamoment—itishightimetodoso.
"HowaresyntheticjudgmentsaprioriPOSSIBLE?"
Kantaskshimself—andwhatisreallyhisanswer?
"BYMEANSOFAMEANS(faculty)"—butunfortunatelynotinfivewords,butsocircumstantially,imposingly,andwithsuchdisplayofGermanprofundityand
sözlü
verbal
flourishes,thatonealtogetherlosessightofthecomicalniaiserieallemandeinvolvedinsuchananswer.
Peoplewerebesidethemselveswithdelightoverthisnew
fakülte
faculty
,andthejubilationreachedits
doruk
climax
whenKantfurtherdiscovereda
ahlaki
moral
facultyinman—foratthattimeGermanswerestill
ahlaki
moral
,notyetdabblinginthe"Politicsofhardfact."
Thencamethe
balayı
honeymoon
ofGermanphilosophy.
AlltheyoungtheologiansoftheTubingeninstitutionwentimmediatelyintothegroves—allseekingfor"faculties."
Andwhatdidtheynotfind—inthatinnocent,rich,andstill
genç
youthful
periodoftheGermanspirit,towhichRomanticism,the
kötü niyetli
malicious
fairy,pipedandsang,whenonecouldnotyet
ayrım
distinguish
between"finding"and"inventing"!
Abovealla
fakülte
faculty
forthe"transcendental";
Schellingchristenedit,
entelektüel
intellectual
intuition,andtherebygratifiedthemostearnestlongingsofthe
doğal
naturally
pious-inclinedGermans.
Onecandonogreaterwrongtothewholeofthisexuberantand
eksantrik
eccentric
movement(whichwasreallyyouthfulness,notwithstandingthatitdisguiseditselfsoboldly,inhoaryandsenileconceptions),thantotakeitseriously,oreventreatitwith
ahlaki
moral
indignation.
Enough,however—theworldgrewolder,andthedreamvanished.
Atimecamewhenpeoplerubbedtheirforeheads,andtheystillrubthemtoday.
Peoplehadbeendreaming,andfirstandforemost—oldKant.
"Bymeansofameans(faculty)"—hehadsaid,oratleastmeanttosay.
But,isthat—ananswer?
An
açıklama
explanation
?
Orisitnotrather
sadece
merely
arepetitionofthequestion?
Howdoesopium
neden
induce
sleep?
"Bymeansofameans(faculty),"
yani
namely
thevirtusdormitiva,repliesthedoctorinMoliere,.
Butsuch
yanıtlar
replies
belongtotherealmof
komedi
comedy
,anditishightimetoreplacetheKantianquestion,"HowaresyntheticjudgmentsaPRIORIpossible?"
byanotherquestion,"Whyisbeliefinsuchjudgmentsnecessary?"—ineffect,itishightimethatweshouldunderstandthatsuchjudgmentsmustbebelievedtobetrue,forthesakeofthe
korunması
preservation
ofcreatureslikeourselves;
thoughtheystillmight
doğal
naturally
befalsejudgments!
Or,more
açıkça
plainly
spoken,androughlyandreadily—syntheticjudgmentsapriorishouldnot"bepossible"atall;
wehavenorighttothem;
inourmouthstheyarenothingbutfalsejudgments.
Only,ofcourse,the
inanç
belief
intheirtruthisnecessary,as
inandırıcı
plausible
beliefandocularevidencebelongingtothe
perspektif
perspective
viewoflife.
Andfinally,tocalltomindthe
muazzam
enormous
influencewhich"Germanphilosophy"—Ihopeyouunderstanditsrighttoinvertedcommas(goosefeet)?—hasexercisedthroughoutthewholeofEurope,thereisnodoubtthatacertainVIRTUSDORMITIVAhadashareinit;
thankstoGermanphilosophy,itwasadelighttothe
asil
noble
idlers,thevirtuous,themystics,theartiste,thethree-fourthsChristians,andthepoliticalobscurantistsofallnations,tofindan
panzehir
antidote
tothestilloverwhelmingsensualismwhichoverflowedfromthelastcenturyintothis,inshort—"sensusassoupire."...