PREFACE
SUPPOSINGthatTruthisawoman—whatthen?
Istherenotgroundforsuspectingthatallphilosophers,insofarastheyhavebeendogmatists,havefailedtounderstandwomen—thattheterrible
seriedad
seriousnessandclumsyimportunitywithwhichtheyhaveusuallypaidtheiraddressestoTruth,havebeenunskilledandunseemlymethodsforwinningawoman?Certainlyshehasneverallowedherselftobewon;
andatpresenteverykindofdogmastandswithsadanddiscouragedmien—IF,indeed,itstandsatall!
Fortherearescofferswho
sostienen
maintainthatithasfallen,thatalldogmaliesontheground—naymore,thatitisatitslastsuspiro
gasp.Buttospeakseriously,therearegoodgroundsforhopingthatalldogmatizingin
filosofía
philosophy,whateversolemn,whateverconclusiveanddecidedairsithasassumed,mayhavebeenonlyanoble
noblepuerilismandtyronism;andprobablythetimeisathandwhenitwillbeonceandagainunderstoodWHAThasactually
bastado
sufficedforthebasisofsuchimposingandabsolutephilosophicaledificesasthedogmatistshavehithertoreared:perhapssomepopular
superstición
superstitionofimmemorialtime(suchasthesoul-superstition,which,intheformofsubject-andego-superstition,hasnotyet
dejado
ceaseddoingmischief):perhapssomeplayuponwords,a
engaño
deceptiononthepartofgramática
grammar,oranaudaciousgeneralizationofveryrestricted,verypersonal,veryhuman—all-too-humanfacts.The
filosofía
philosophyofthedogmatists,itistobehoped,wasonlyapromiseforthousandsofyearsafterwards,aswasastrología
astrologyinstillearliertimes,intheserviceofwhichprobablymorelabour,gold,acuteness,andpatiencehavebeenspentthanonanyreal
actualsciencehitherto:weowetoit,andtoits"super-terrestrial"pretensionsinAsiaandEgypt,thegrandstyleof
arquitectura
architecture.Itseemsthatinordertoinscribethemselvesupontheheartof
humanidad
humanitywitheverlastingclaims,allgreatthingshavefirsttovagar
wanderabouttheearthasenormousandawe-inspiringcaricatures:dogmatic
filosofía
philosophyhasbeenacaricatureofthiskind—forejemplo
instance,theVedantadoctrineinAsia,andPlatonisminEurope.Letusnotbeungratefultoit,althoughitmustcertainlybe
confesar
confessedthattheworst,themostagotador
tiresome,andthemostdangerousoferrorshithertohasbeenadogmatisterror—namely,Plato'sinvención
inventionofPureSpiritandtheGoodinItself.Butnowwhenithasbeensurmounted,whenEurope,ridofthisnightmare,canagaindrawbreath
libremente
freelyandatleastenjoyahealthier—sleep,we,WHOSEDUTYISWAKEFULNESSITSELF,aretheheirsofallthestrengthwhichthestruggleagainstthiserror
errorhasfostered.Itamountedtotheveryinversionoftruth,andthe
negación
denialofthePERSPECTIVE—thefundamentalcondition—oflife,tospeakofSpiritandtheGoodasPlatospokeofthem;indeedonemightask,asa
médico
physician:"Howdidsuchamaladyattackthatfinestproductofantiquity,Plato?
HadthewickedSocratesreallycorruptedhim?
WasSocratesafterallacorrupterofyouths,anddeservedhishemlock?"
ButthestruggleagainstPlato,or—tospeakplainer,andforthe"people"—thestruggleagainsttheecclesiastical
opresión
oppressionofmillenniumsofChristianity(FORCristianismo
CHRISTIANITYISPLATONISMFORTHE"PEOPLE"),produjo
producedinEuropeamagnificenttensión
tensionofsoul,suchashadnotexistedanywhereanteriormente
previously;withsuchatenselystrainedbowonecannowaimatthefurthestgoals.
Asamatteroffact,the
Europeo
Europeanfeelsthistensionasastateofangustia
distress,andtwiceattemptshavebeenmadeingrandstyletounbendthebow:oncebymeansofJesuitism,andthesecondtimebymeansof
democrática
democraticenlightenment—which,withtheaidoflibertad
libertyofthepressandnewspaper-reading,might,infact,bringitaboutthatthespiritwouldnotsoeasilyfinditselfin"distress"!(TheGermans
inventaron
inventedgunpowder—allcredittothem!buttheyagainmadethingssquare—they
inventaron
inventedprinting.)Butwe,whoareneitherJesuits,nordemocrats,norevensufficientlyGermans,weGOODEUROPEANS,andfree,VERYfreespirits—wehaveitstill,allthe
angustia
distressofspiritandallthetensión
tensionofitsbow!Andperhapsalsothe
flecha
arrow,theduty,and,whoknows?THEGOALTOAIMAT....
Capítulo
CHAPTERI.PREJUDICESOFPHILOSOPHERS1.
TheWilltoTruth,whichisto
tentará
temptustomanyahazardousenterprise,thefamousTruthfulnessofwhichallphilosophershavehithertospokenwithrespect,whatquestionshasthisWilltoTruthnotlaidbeforeus!Whatstrange,perplexing,questionablequestions!
Itisalreadyalongstory;
yetitseemsasifitwerehardly
comenzado
commenced.Isitanywonderifweatlastgrowdistrustful,losepatience,andturnimpatientlyaway?
ThatthisSphinxteachesusatlasttoaskquestionsourselves?
WHOisitreallythatputsquestionstoushere?
WHATreallyisthis"WilltoTruth"inus?
Infactwemadealong
detuvimos
haltatthequestionastotheoriginofthisWill—untilatlastwecametoanabsoluta
absolutestandstillbeforeayetmorefundamental
fundamentalquestion.WeinquiredabouttheVALUEofthisWill.
Grantedthatwewantthetruth:
WHYNOTRATHERuntruth?
And
incertidumbre
uncertainty?Evenignorance?
Theproblemofthevalueoftruthpresenteditselfbeforeus—orwasitwewhopresentedourselvesbeforetheproblem?
WhichofusistheOedipushere?
WhichtheSphinx?
Itwouldseemtobea
encuentro
rendezvousofquestionsandnotesofinterrogatorio
interrogation.Andcoulditbebelievedthatitatlastseemstousasiftheproblemhadneverbeenpropoundedbefore,asifwewerethefirsttodiscernit,getasightofit,andRISKRAISINGit?
Forthereisriskinraisingit,perhapsthereisnogreaterrisk.
2.
"HOWCOULDanythingoriginateoutofitsopposite?
Forexample,truthoutof
error
error?ortheWilltoTruthoutofthewillto
engaño
deception?orthegenerousdeedoutof
egoísmo
selfishness?orthepuresun-brightvisionofthewisemanoutofcovetousness?
Such
génesis
genesisisimpossible;whoeverdreamsofitisafool,nay,worsethanafool;
thingsofthehighestvaluemusthaveadifferentorigin,anoriginofTHEIRown—inthistransitory,seductive,illusory,paltryworld,inthis
agitación
turmoilofdelusionandcupidity,theycannothavetheirsource.Butratherinthe
regazo
lapofBeing,intheintransitory,intheconcealedGod,inthe'Thing-in-itself—THEREmustbetheirsource,andnowhereelse!"—Thismodeofreasoningrevela
disclosesthetypicalprejudicebywhichmetaphysiciansofalltimescanberecognized,thismodeofvaluationisatthebackofalltheirlógico
logicalprocedure;throughthis"belief"oftheirs,theyexertthemselvesfortheir"knowledge,"forsomethingthatisintheend
solemnemente
solemnlychristened"theTruth."The
fundamental
fundamentalbeliefofmetaphysiciansisTHECreencia
BELIEFINANTITHESESOFVALUES.Itnever
ocurrió
occurredeventothewariestofthemtodoubthereontheveryumbral
threshold(wheredoubt,however,wasmostnecessary);thoughtheyhadmadea
solemne
solemnvow,"DEOMNIBUSDUBITANDUM."Foritmaybedoubted,firstly,whetherantithesesexistatall;
andsecondly,whetherthepopularvaluationsandantithesesofvalueuponwhichmetaphysicianshavesettheir
sello
seal,arenotperhapsmerelysuperficialestimates,meramente
merelyprovisionalperspectives,besidesbeingprobablymadefromsomecorner,perhapsfrombelow—"frogperspectives,"asitwere,toborrowanexpresión
expressioncurrentamongpainters.Inspiteofallthevaluewhichmaybelongtothetrue,thepositive,andtheunselfish,itmightbepossiblethatahigherandmore
fundamental
fundamentalvalueforlifegenerallyshouldbeasignara
assignedtopretence,tothewilltoilusión
delusion,toselfishness,andcupidity.ItmightevenbepossiblethatWHATconstitutesthevalueofthosegoodandrespectedthings,consists
precisamente
preciselyintheirbeinginsidiouslyrelated,knotted,andcrochetedtotheseevilandapparentlyopposedthings—perhapseveninbeingesencialmente
essentiallyidenticalwiththem.Perhaps!
Butwhowishestoconcernhimselfwithsuchdangerous"Perhapses"!
Forthatinvestigationonemust
esperar
awaittheadventofaneworderofphilosophers,suchaswillhaveothertastesandinclinations,therevés
reverseofthosehithertoprevalent—philosophersofthedangerous"Perhaps"ineverysenseoftheterm.Andtospeakinall
seriedad
seriousness,Iseesuchnewphilosophersbeginningtoappear.3.
Havingkeptasharpeyeonphilosophers,andhavingreadbetweentheirlineslongenough,Inowsaytomyselfthatthegreaterpartof
consciente
consciousthinkingmustbecountedamongtheinstinctivefunctions,anditissoeveninthecaseoffilosófico
philosophicalthinking;onehasheretolearnanew,asonelearnedanewaboutheredityand"innateness."
Aslittleastheactofbirthcomesintoconsiderationinthewholeprocessand
procedimiento
procedureofheredity,justaslittleis"being-conscious"Opone
OPPOSEDtotheinstinctiveinanydecisivo
decisivesense;thegreaterpartofthe
consciente
consciousthinkingofaphilosopherissecretamente
secretlyinfluencedbyhisinstincts,andforcedintodefinitechannels.Andbehindall
lógica
logicanditsseemingsovereigntyofmovement,therearevaluations,ortospeakmoreclaramente
plainly,physiologicaldemands,forthemantenimiento
maintenanceofadefinitemodeoflifeForexample,thatthecertainisworthmorethantheincierto
uncertain,thatillusionislessvaluablethan"truth"suchvaluations,inspiteoftheirregulativeimportancia
importanceforUS,mightnotwithstandingbeonlysuperficialvaluations,specialkindsofniaiserie,suchasmaybenecessaryforthemantenimiento
maintenanceofbeingssuchasourselves.Supposing,ineffect,thatmanisnotjustthe"measureofthings."
4.
Thefalsenessofanopinionisnotforusany
objeción
objectiontoit:itishere,perhaps,thatournewlanguagesoundsmoststrangely.
Thequestionis,howfaranopinionislife-furthering,life-preserving,species-preserving,perhapsspecies-rearing,andweare
fundamentalmente
fundamentallyinclinedtomaintainthatthefalsestopinions(towhichthesyntheticjudgmentsaprioribelong),arethemostindispensabletous,thatwithoutareconocimiento
recognitionoflogicalfictions,withoutacomparación
comparisonofrealitywiththepuramente
purelyIMAGINEDworldoftheabsoluto
absoluteandimmutable,withoutaconstante
constantcounterfeitingoftheworldbymeansofnumbers,mancouldnotlive—thattherenunciationoffalseopinionswouldbearenunciationoflife,anegationoflife.TO
Reconocer
RECOGNISEUNTRUTHASACONDITIONOFLIFE;thatiscertainlytoimpugnthetraditionalideasofvalueinadangerous
manera
manner,andaphilosophywhichatreve
venturestodoso,hastherebyaloneplaceditselfbeyondgoodandevil.5.
Thatwhichcausesphilosopherstoberegardedhalf-distrustfullyandhalf-mockingly,isnottheoft-repeated
descubrimiento
discoveryhowinnocenttheyare—howoftenandeasilytheymakemistakesandlosetheirway,inshort,howchildishandchildliketheyare,—butthatthereisnotenoughhonestdealingwiththem,whereastheyallraisealoudandvirtuoso
virtuousoutcrywhentheproblemoftruthfulnessiseveninsinuado
hintedatintheremotestmanner.Theyallposeasthoughtheirrealopinionshadbeendiscoveredandattainedthroughtheself-evolvingofacold,pure,divinely
indiferente
indifferentdialectic(incontrasttoallsortsofmystics,who,fairerandfoolisher,talkof"inspiration"),whereas,infact,aprejudicedproposición
proposition,idea,or"suggestion,"whichisgeneralmente
generallytheirheart'sdesireabstractedandrefined,isdefendedbythemwithargumentssoughtoutaftertheevent.Theyarealladvocateswhodonotwishtoberegardedassuch,
generalmente
generallyastutedefenders,also,oftheirprejudices,whichtheydub"truths,"—andVERYfarfromhavingtheconsciencewhichbravelyadmitsthistoitself,veryfarfromhavingthegoodtasteofthecouragewhichgoessofarastoletthisbeunderstood,perhapstowarnfriendorenemigo
foe,orincheerfulconfidenceandself-ridicule.ThespectacleoftheTartufferyofoldKant,
igualmente
equallystiffanddecent,withwhichheenticesusintothedialecticby-waysthatlead(morecorrectamente
correctlymislead)tohis"categoricalimperative"—makesusfastidiousonessmile,wewhofindnosmalldiversión
amusementinspyingoutthesubtletricksofoldmoralistsandethicalpreachers.Or,stillmoreso,thehocus-pocusin
matemática
mathematicalform,bymeansofwhichSpinozahas,asitwere,cladhisfilosofía
philosophyinmailandmask—infact,the"loveofHISwisdom,"totraducir
translatethetermfairlyandsquarely—inordertherebytostriketerroratonceintotheheartoftheassailantwhoshoulddaretocastamirada
glanceonthatinvinciblemaiden,thatPallasAthene:—howmuchofpersonaltimidityandvulnerabilitydoesthismasqueradeofasicklyreclusetraiciona
betray!6.
Ithasgraduallybecomecleartomewhateverygreat
filosofía
philosophyuptillnowhasconsistedof—namely,theconfesión
confessionofitsoriginator,andaspeciesofinvoluntaryandinconsciente
unconsciousauto-biography;andmoreoverthatthe
moral
moral(orimmoral)purposeineveryfilosofía
philosophyhasconstitutedthetruevital
vitalgermoutofwhichtheentireplanthasalwaysgrown.Indeed,tounderstandhowtheabstrusestmetaphysicalassertionsofa
filósofo
philosopherhavebeenarrivedat,itisalwayswell(andwise)tofirstaskoneself:"What
moralidad
moralitydothey(ordoeshe)aimat?"En consecuencia
Accordingly,Idonotbelievethatan"impulsetoknowledge"isthefatheroffilosofía
philosophy;butthatanotherimpulse,hereaselsewhere,hasonlymadeuseofknowledge(andmistakenknowledge!)
asan
instrumento
instrument.Butwhoeverconsidersthefundamentalimpulsesofmanwithaviewto
determinar
determininghowfartheymayhavehereactedasINSPIRINGGENII(orasdemonsandcobolds),willfindthattheyhaveallpracticedfilosofía
philosophyatonetimeoranother,andthateachoneofthemwouldhavebeenonlytoogladtolookuponitselfastheúltimo
ultimateendofexistenceandthelegítimo
legitimateLORDoveralltheotherimpulses.Forevery
impulso
impulseisimperious,andasSUCH,attemptstophilosophize.Tobesure,inthecaseofscholars,inthecaseofreallyscientificmen,itmaybeotherwise—"better,"ifyouwill;
theretheremayreallybesuchathingasan"impulsetoknowledge,"somekindofsmall,
independiente
independentclock-work,which,whenwellwoundup,worksawayindustriouslytothatend,WITHOUTtherestofthescholarlyimpulsestakinganymaterialparttherein.Theactual"interests"ofthe
erudito
scholar,therefore,aregenerallyinquiteanotherdirection—inthefamily,perhaps,orinmoney-making,orinpolitics;itis,infact,almost
indiferente
indifferentatwhatpointofresearchhislittlemachineisplaced,andwhetherthehopefulyoungtrabajador
workerbecomesagoodphilologist,amushroomespecialista
specialist,orachemist;heisnotCHARACTERISEDbybecomingthisorthat.
Inthe
filósofo
philosopher,onthecontrary,thereisabsolutelynothingimpersonal;andaboveall,his
moralidad
moralityfurnishesadecidedanddecisivo
decisivetestimonyastoWHOHEIS,—thatistosay,inwhatorderthedeepestimpulsesofhisnaturestandtoeachother.7.
How
maliciosos
maliciousphilosopherscanbe!IknowofnothingmorestingingthanthejokeEpicurustookthe
libertad
libertyofmakingonPlatoandthePlatonists;hecalledthemDionysiokolakes.
Initsoriginalsense,andonthefaceofit,thewordsignifies"FlatterersofDionysius"—consequently,tyrants'accessoriesandlick-spittles;
besidesthis,however,itisasmuchastosay,"TheyareallACTORS,thereisnothing
genuino
genuineaboutthem"(forDionysiokolaxwasapopularnameforanactor).Andthe
último
latterisreallythemalignantreproachthatEpicuruscastuponPlato:hewas
molesto
annoyedbythegrandiosemanner,themiseenscenestyleofwhichPlatoandhisscholarsweremasters—ofwhichEpicuruswasnotamaster!He,theoldschool-teacherofSamos,whosatconcealedinhislittlegardenatAthens,andwrotethreehundredbooks,perhapsoutofrageandambitious
envidia
envyofPlato,whoknows!Greecetookahundredyearstofindoutwhothegarden-godEpicurusreallywas.
Didsheeverfindout?
8.
Thereisapointinevery
filosofía
philosophyatwhichthe"conviction"ofthefilósofo
philosopherappearsonthescene;or,toputitinthewordsofanancientmystery:.
Adventavitasinus,Pulcheretfortissimus.
9.
YoudesiretoLIVE"accordingtoNature"?
Oh,younobleStoics,what
fraude
fraudofwords!ImaginetoyourselvesabeinglikeNature,boundlessly
extravagante
extravagant,boundlesslyindifferent,withoutpurposeorconsideration,withoutpityorjustice,atoncefruitfulandestéril
barrenanduncertain:imaginetoyourselves
Indiferencia
INDIFFERENCEasapower—howCOULDyouliveinaccordancewithsuchindiferencia
indifference?Tolive—isnotthatjustendeavouringtobeotherwisethanthisNature?
Isnotlivingvaluing,preferring,being
injusto
unjust,beinglimited,endeavouringtobedifferent?Andgrantedthatyour
imperativo
imperative,"livingaccordingtoNature,"meansactuallythesameas"livingaccordingtolife"—howcouldyoudoDIFFERENTLY?Whyshouldyoumakea
principio
principleoutofwhatyouyourselvesare,andmustbe?Inreality,however,itisquiteotherwisewithyou:
whileyoupretendtoreadwithrapturethe
canon
canonofyourlawinNature,youwantsomethingquitethecontrary,youextraordinarystage-playersandself-deluders!Inyourprideyouwishto
dictar
dictateyourmoralsandidealstoNature,toNatureherself,andtoincorporatethemtherein;you
insiste
insistthatitshallbeNature"accordingtotheStoa,"andwouldlikeeverythingtobemadeafteryourownimage,asavasta
vast,eternalglorificationandgeneralismofStoicism!Withallyourlovefortruth,youhaveforcedyourselvessolong,sopersistently,andwithsuchhypnoticrigiditytoseeNatureFALSELY,thatistosay,Stoically,thatyouarenolongerabletoseeitotherwise—andto
coronar
crownall,someunfathomablesuperciliousnessgivesyoutheBedlamitehopethatBECAUSEyouareabletotyrannizeoveryourselves—Stoicismisself-tyranny—Naturewillalsoallowherselftobetyrannizedover:isnottheStoicaPARTofNature?...
Butthisisanoldand
eterna
everlastingstory:whathappenedinoldtimeswiththeStoicsstillhappenstoday,assoonasevera
filosofía
philosophybeginstobelieveinitself.Italwayscreatestheworldinitsownimage;
itcannotdootherwise;
filosofía
philosophyisthistyrannicalimpulseitself,themostespiritual
spiritualWilltoPower,thewillto"creationoftheworld,"thewilltothecausaprima.10.
Theeagernessandsubtlety,Ishouldevensaycraftiness,withwhichtheproblemof"therealandtheapparentworld"isdealtwithatpresentthroughoutEurope,furnishesfoodforthoughtandattention;
andhewhohearsonlya"WilltoTruth"inthebackground,andnothingelse,cannotcertainly
jactarse
boastofthesharpestears.Inrareandisolatedcases,itmayreallyhavehappenedthatsuchaWilltoTruth—acertain
extravagante
extravagantandadventurouspluck,ametaphysician'sambición
ambitionoftheforlornhope—hasparticipado
participatedtherein:thatwhichintheendalwaysprefersa
puñado
handfulof"certainty"toawholecartloadofbeautifulpossibilities;theremayevenbepuritanicalfanaticsofconscience,whoprefertoputtheirlasttrustinasurenothing,ratherthaninan
incierto
uncertainsomething.ButthatisNihilism,andthesignofadespairing,mortallyweariedsoul,notwithstandingthecourageousbearingsucha
virtud
virtuemaydisplay.Itseems,however,tobeotherwisewithstrongerandlivelierthinkerswhoarestilleagerforlife.
InthattheysideAGAINST
apariencia
appearance,andspeaksuperciliouslyof"perspective,"inthattheyrankthecredibilidad
credibilityoftheirownbodiesaboutaslowasthecredibilidad
credibilityoftheocularevidencethat"theearthstandsstill,"andthus,apparently,allowingwithcomplacencytheirsecurestposesión
possessiontoescape(forwhatdoesoneatpresentbelieveinmorefirmlythaninone'sbody?),—whoknowsiftheyarenotreallytryingtowinbacksomethingwhichwasantes
formerlyanevensecurerpossession,somethingoftheolddominio
domainofthefaithofformertimes,perhapsthe"immortalsoul,"perhaps"theoldGod,"inshort,ideasbywhichtheycouldlivebetter,thatistosay,morevigorouslyandmorejoyously,thanby"modernideas"?ThereisDISTRUSTofthesemodernideasinthismodeoflookingatthings,adisbeliefinallthathasbeen
construido
constructedyesterdayandtoday;thereisperhapssome
ligera
slightadmixtureofsatietyanddesprecio
scorn,whichcannolongersoportar
enduretheBRIC-A-BRACofideasofthemostvariedorigin,suchasso-calledPositivismatpresentthrowsonthemarket;adisgustofthemorerefinedtasteatthevillage-fairmotleynessandpatchinessofallthesereality-philosophasters,inwhomthereisnothingeithernewortrue,exceptthismotleyness.
Thereinitseemstomethatweshouldagreewiththoseskepticalanti-realistsandknowledge-microscopistsofthepresentday;
their
instinto
instinct,whichrepelsthemfromMODERNreality,isunrefuted...whatdotheirretrogradeby-pathsconcernus!
ThemainthingaboutthemisNOTthattheywishtogo"back,"butthattheywishtogetAWAYtherefrom.
AlittleMOREstrength,swing,courage,andartisticpower,andtheywouldbeOFF—andnotback!
11.
Itseemstomethatthereiseverywhereanattemptatpresentto
desviar
divertattentionfromtheactualinfluencia
influencewhichKantexercisedonGermanfilosofía
philosophy,andespeciallytoignoreprudentlythevaluewhichhesetuponhimself.KantwasfirstandforemostproudofhisTableofCategories;
withitinhishandhesaid:
"Thisisthemostdifficultthingthatcouldeverbe
emprender
undertakenonbehalfofmetaphysics."Letusonlyunderstandthis"couldbe"!
Hewasproudofhaving
Descubierto
DISCOVEREDanewfacultyinman,thefacultad
facultyofsyntheticjudgmentapriori.Grantingthathe
engañó
deceivedhimselfinthismatter;the
desarrollo
developmentandrapidflourishingofGermanfilosofía
philosophydependedneverthelessonhispride,andontheeagerrivalryoftheyoungergenerationtodescubrir
discoverifpossiblesomething—atallevents"newfaculties"—ofwhichtobestillprouder!—Butletusreflexionemos
reflectforamoment—itishightimetodoso."HowaresyntheticjudgmentsaprioriPOSSIBLE?"
Kantaskshimself—andwhatisreallyhisanswer?
"BYMEANSOFAMEANS(faculty)"—butunfortunatelynotinfivewords,butsocircumstantially,imposingly,andwithsuch
exhibición
displayofGermanprofundityandverbal
verbalflourishes,thatonealtogetherlosessightofthecomicalniaiserieallemandeinvolvedinsuchananswer.Peoplewerebesidethemselveswith
deleite
delightoverthisnewfaculty,andthejubilationreacheditsclímax
climaxwhenKantfurtherdiscoveredamoral
moralfacultyinman—foratthattimeGermanswerestillmoral
moral,notyetdabblinginthe"Politicsofhardfact."ThencamethehoneymoonofGerman
filosofía
philosophy.AlltheyoungtheologiansoftheTubingen
institución
institutionwentimmediatelyintothegroves—allseekingfor"faculties."Andwhatdidtheynotfind—inthatinnocent,rich,andstill
joven
youthfulperiodoftheGermanspirit,towhichRomanticism,themalicioso
maliciousfairy,pipedandsang,whenonecouldnotyetdistinguir
distinguishbetween"finding"and"inventing"!Abovealla
facultad
facultyforthe"transcendental";Schellingchristenedit,
intelectual
intellectualintuition,andtherebygratifiedthemostearnestlongingsofthenaturalmente
naturallypious-inclinedGermans.Onecandonogreaterwrongtothewholeofthisexuberantand
excéntrico
eccentricmovement(whichwasreallyyouthfulness,notwithstandingthatitdisfrazaba
disguiseditselfsoboldly,inhoaryandsenileconceptions),thantotakeitseriously,oreventreatitwithmoral
moralindignation.Enough,however—theworldgrewolder,andthedream
desapareció
vanished.Atimecamewhenpeoplerubbedtheirforeheads,andtheystillrubthemtoday.
Peoplehadbeendreaming,andfirstandforemost—oldKant.
"Bymeansofameans(faculty)"—hehadsaid,oratleastmeanttosay.
But,isthat—ananswer?
An
explicación
explanation?Orisitnotrathermerelyarepetitionofthequestion?
Howdoesopiuminducesleep?
"Bymeansofameans(faculty),"
a saber
namelythevirtusdormitiva,repliesthedoctorinMoliere,.Butsuchrepliesbelongtothe
reino
realmofcomedy,anditishightimetoreemplazar
replacetheKantianquestion,"HowaresyntheticjudgmentsaPRIORIpossible?"byanotherquestion,"Whyis
creencia
beliefinsuchjudgmentsnecessary?"—ineffect,itishightimethatweshouldunderstandthatsuchjudgmentsmustbebelievedtobetrue,forthesakeofthepreservación
preservationofcreatureslikeourselves;thoughtheystillmight
naturalmente
naturallybefalsejudgments!Or,more
claramente
plainlyspoken,androughlyandreadily—syntheticjudgmentsapriorishouldnot"bepossible"atall;wehavenorighttothem;
inourmouthstheyarenothingbutfalsejudgments.
Only,ofcourse,the
creencia
beliefintheirtruthisnecessary,asplausiblecreencia
beliefandocularevidencebelongingtotheperspectiva
perspectiveviewoflife.Andfinally,tocalltomindthe
enorme
enormousinfluencewhich"Germanphilosophy"—Ihopeyouunderstanditsrighttoinvertedcommas(goosefeet)?—hasexercisedthroughoutthewholeofEurope,thereisnodoubtthatacertainVIRTUSDORMITIVAhadashareinit;thankstoGerman
filosofía
philosophy,itwasadelighttothenobleidlers,thevirtuous,themystics,theartiste,thethree-fourthsChristians,andthepoliticalobscurantistsofallnations,tofindanantídoto
antidotetothestilloverwhelmingsensualismwhichoverflowedfromthelastcenturyintothis,inshort—"sensusassoupire."...