THEPREFACE
Theartistis
el
thecreatorofbeautifulthings.To
revelar
revealartandconcealtheartista
artistisart’saim.The
crítico
criticishewhocantraducir
translateintoanothermannerorun
anewmaterialhisimpressionofbeautifulthings.La
Thehighestasthelowestforma
formofcriticismisamodeofautobiography.Aquellos
Thosewhofinduglymeaningsinbeautifulthingsarecorruptsin
withoutbeingcharming.Thisis
una
afault.Thosewhofindbeautifulmeaningsinbeautifulthingsare
los
thecultivated.Forthesethereis
esperanza
hope.Theyaretheelecttowhombeautifulthings
significan
meanonlybeauty.Thereis
no
nosuchthingasamoral
moraloranimmoralbook.Booksare
bien
wellwritten,orbadlywritten.Eso
Thatisall.Thenineteenth
siglo
centurydislikeofrealismisla
therageofCalibanseeinghisowncara
faceinaglass.Thenineteenth
siglo
centurydislikeofromanticismisla
therageofCalibannotver
seeinghisownfaceinun
aglass.Themorallifeof
hombre
manformspartofthesubject-matteroftheartista
artist,butthemoralityofarte
artconsistsintheperfectuso
useofanimperfectmedium.Ningún
Noartistdesirestoprovenada
anything.Eventhingsthataretrue
pueden
canbeproved.Noartist
tiene
hasethicalsympathies.Anethical
simpatía
sympathyinanartistisanunpardonablemannerismofestilo
style.Noartistisever
morboso
morbid.Theartistcanexpress
todo
everything.Thoughtandlanguageareto
el
theartistinstrumentsofanarte
art.Viceandvirtuearetothe
artista
artistmaterialsforanart.Fromthe
punto
pointofviewofform,thetipo
typeofalltheartsisthearte
artofthemusician.From
el
thepointofviewoffeeling,el
theactor’scraftisthetipo
type.Allartisatonce
superficie
surfaceandsymbol.Thosewho
van
gobeneaththesurfacedosoattheirperil.Aquellos
Thosewhoreadthesymbolhacen
dosoattheirperil.Itisthespectator,
y
andnotlife,thatartrealmente
reallymirrors.Diversityofopinion
sobre
aboutaworkofartmuestra
showsthattheworkisnew,complex,y
andvital.Whencriticsdisagree,the
artista
artistisinaccordwithhimself.We
podemos
canforgiveamanforhacer
makingausefulthingaslongashehacer
doesnotadmireit.The
única
onlyexcuseformakingainútil
uselessthingisthatoneadmira
admiresitintensely.Allartisquite
inútil
useless.CHAPTERI.
Thestudiowas
lleno
filledwiththerichodourofrosas
roses,andwhenthelightsummerviento
windstirredamidstthetreesofthejardín
garden,therecamethroughtheopenpuerta
doortheheavyscentofthelilac,o
orthemoredelicateperfumeofthepink-floweringespina
thorn.FromthecornerofthedivanofPersiansaddle-bagsonwhichhewaslying,
fumando
smoking,aswashiscustom,innumerablecigarettes,LordHenryWottonpodía
couldjustcatchthegleamofthehoney-sweety
andhoney-colouredblossomsofalaburnum,cuyas
whosetremulousbranchesseemedhardlyabletosoportar
beartheburdenofabelleza
beautysoflamelikeastheirs;y
andnowandthenthefantasticshadowsofbirdsinvuelo
flightflittedacrossthelongtussore-silkcurtainsthatwerestretchedinfrente
frontofthehugewindow,produciendo
producingakindofmomentaryJapaneseefecto
effect,andmakinghimthinkofthosepallid,jade-facedpaintersofTokyowho,a través de
throughthemediumofanarte
artthatisnecessarilyimmobile,tratan
seektoconveythesenseofswiftnessy
andmotion.Thesullenmurmurofthebeesshoulderingtheirway
a través de
throughthelongunmowngrass,o
orcirclingwithmonotonousinsistenceroundthedustygilthornsofthestragglingwoodbine,parecía
seemedtomakethestillnessmás
moreoppressive.ThedimroarofLondonwas
como
likethebourdonnoteofun
adistantorgan.Inthe
centro
centreoftheroom,clampedtoanuprighteasel,stoodthefull-lengthretrato
portraitofayoungmanofextraordinarypersonal
personalbeauty,andinfrontofit,algunos
somelittledistanceaway,wassentado
sittingtheartisthimself,BasilHallward,cuya
whosesuddendisappearancesomeyearshace
agocaused,atthetime,tal
suchpublicexcitementandgaverisetosomanystrangeconjectures.Asthe
pintor
painterlookedatthegraciousy
andcomelyformhehadsoskilfullymirroredinhisarte
art,asmileofpleasurepasó
passedacrosshisface,andparecía
seemedabouttolingerthere.Pero
Buthesuddenlystartedup,y
andclosinghiseyes,placedhisfingersuponlos
thelids,asthoughhetratara
soughttoimprisonwithinhiscerebro
brainsomecuriousdreamfromwhichhetemía
fearedhemightawake.“Itisyour
mejor
bestwork,Basil,thebestlo
thingyouhaveeverdone,”dijo
saidLordHenrylanguidly.“You
debes
mustcertainlysenditnextaño
yeartotheGrosvenor.The
Academia
Academyistoolargeanddemasiado
toovulgar.WheneverIhavegone
allí
there,therehavebeeneithersomanypeoplethatIhavenotbeenabletover
seethepictures,whichwasterrible
dreadful,orsomanypicturesthatIhavenotbeenabletover
seethepeople,whichwaspeor
worse.TheGrosvenorisreally
el
theonlyplace.”“Idon’t
creo
thinkIshallsenditanywhere,”herespondió
answered,tossinghisheadbackinthatoddmanera
waythatusedtomakehisfriendsreírse
laughathimatOxford.“No,Iwon’t
enviaré
senditanywhere.”LordHenryelevatedhiseyebrows
y
andlookedathiminamazementa través de
throughthethinbluewreathsofhumo
smokethatcurledupintan
suchfancifulwhorlsfromhispesado
heavy,opium-taintedcigarette.“Notsenditanywhere?
My
querido
dearfellow,why?Haveyou
alguna
anyreason?Whatoddchapsyoupainters
son
are!Youdoanythingin
el
theworldtogainareputación
reputation.Assoonasyou
tienes
haveone,youseemtoquieres
wanttothrowitaway.Itissillyofyou,for
hay
thereisonlyonethinginel
theworldworsethanbeinghablar
talkedabout,andthatisnotbeinghablar
talkedabout.Aportraitlike
este
thiswouldsetyoufarencima
abovealltheyoungmeninEngland,y
andmaketheoldmenquitejealous,si
ifoldmenareevercapableofalguna
anyemotion.”“Iknowyouwilllaughatme,”he
respondió
replied,“butIreallycan’texhibitit.I
he
haveputtoomuchofmyselfintoit.”LordHenrystretchedhimselfouton
el
thedivanandlaughed.“Yes,I
sabía
knewyouwould;butitisquite
cierto
true,allthesame.”“Toomuchofyourselfinit!
Uponmy
palabra
word,Basil,Ididn’tknowyouweresovanidoso
vain;andIreallycan’t
ver
seeanyresemblancebetweenyou,con
withyourruggedstrongfacey
andyourcoal-blackhair,andeste
thisyoungAdonis,wholooksassi
ifhewasmadeoutofmarfil
ivoryandrose-leaves.Why,my
querido
dearBasil,heisaNarcissus,y
andyou—well,ofcourseyoutiene
haveanintellectualexpressionandtodo
allthat.Butbeauty,real
belleza
beauty,endswhereanintellectualexpresión
expressionbegins.Intellectisinitself
un
amodeofexaggeration,anddestruye
destroystheharmonyofanyrostro
face.Themomentonesitsdownto
pensar
think,onebecomesallnose,o
orallforehead,orsomethinghorrible
horrid.Lookatthesuccessfulmeninanyofthelearnedprofessions.
How
perfectamente
perfectlyhideoustheyare!Except,of
supuesto
course,intheChurch.Butthenin
la
theChurchtheydon’tthink.Un
Abishopkeepsonsayingatla
theageofeightywhathewastoldtosaycuando
whenhewasaboyofeighteen,y
andasanaturalconsequencehesiempre
alwayslooksabsolutelydelightful.Your
misterioso
mysteriousyoungfriend,whosenameyouhas
havenevertoldme,butwhoseimagen
picturereallyfascinatesme,neverpiensa
thinks.Ifeelquitesureof
eso
that.Heissomebrainless
hermosa
beautifulcreaturewhoshouldbesiempre
alwayshereinwinterwhenwetenemos
havenoflowerstolookat,y
andalwayshereinsummercuando
whenwewantsomethingtoenfriar
chillourintelligence.Don’tflatteryourself,Basil:
youarenotinthe
mínimo
leastlikehim.”“Youdon’t
entiendes
understandme,Harry,”answeredtheartista
artist.“OfcourseIamnot
como
likehim.Iknowthat
perfectamente
perfectlywell.Indeed,Ishouldbesorrytolooklikehim.
Youshrugyourshoulders?
Iam
diciendo
tellingyouthetruth.Thereis
una
afatalityaboutallphysicalandintelectual
intellectualdistinction,thesortoffatalitythatparece
seemstodogthroughhistorythefalteringstepsofkings.Itis
mejor
betternottobedifferentfromone’sfellows.Los
Theuglyandthestupidtienen
havethebestofitineste
thisworld.Theycansitattheirease
y
andgapeattheplay.Si
Iftheyknownothingofvictoria
victory,theyareatleastsparedtheconocimiento
knowledgeofdefeat.Theyliveaswe
todos
allshouldlive—undisturbed,indifferent,andsin
withoutdisquiet.Theyneitherbring
ruina
ruinuponothers,noreverreciben
receiveitfromalienhands.Your
rango
rankandwealth,Harry;mybrains,
tal
suchastheyare—myart,lo
whateveritmaybeworth;DorianGray’sgoodlooks—weshall
todos
allsufferforwhatthegodshan
havegivenus,sufferterribly.”“DorianGray?
Is
ese
thathisname?”askedLordHenry,
caminando
walkingacrossthestudiotowardsBasilHallward.“Yes,
ese
thatishisname.Ididn’t
intención
intendtotellittoyou.”“But
por qué
whynot?”“Oh,Ican’texplain.
Cuando
WhenIlikepeopleimmensely,Inunca
nevertelltheirnamestoanyone.Itis
como
likesurrenderingapartofellos
them.Ihavegrowntolove
secreto
secrecy.Itseemstobe
la
theonethingthatcanhacer
makemodernlifemysteriousormarvelloustonosotros
us.Thecommonestthingis
delicioso
delightfulifoneonlyhidesit.Cuando
WhenIleavetownnowInunca
nevertellmypeoplewhereIamvoy
going.IfIdid,Iwould
perdería
loseallmypleasure.Itis
un
asillyhabit,Idaresay,pero
butsomehowitseemstotraer
bringagreatdealofromanceintoone’svida
life.Isupposeyouthinkmeawfullyfoolishaboutit?”
“Notatall,”
respondió
answeredLordHenry,“notatall,myquerido
dearBasil.Youseemto
olvidas
forgetthatIammarried,y
andtheonecharmofmatrimonio
marriageisthatitmakesavida
lifeofdeceptionabsolutelynecessaryforambas
bothparties.Ineverknowwheremy
esposa
wifeis,andmywifenunca
neverknowswhatIamhaciendo
doing.Whenwemeet—wedomeet
ocasionalmente
occasionally,whenwedineoutjuntos
together,orgodowntolas
theDuke’s—wetelleachotherlas
themostabsurdstorieswithlas
themostseriousfaces.My
esposa
wifeisverygoodatit—muchmejor
better,infact,thanIam.She
nunca
nevergetsconfusedoverherdates,y
andIalwaysdo.But
cuando
whenshedoesfindmeout,shehace
makesnorowatall.Isometimes
desearía
wishshewould;butshe
sólo
merelylaughsatme.”“Ihate
la
thewayyoutalkaboutyourmarriedvida
life,Harry,”saidBasilHallward,strollinghacia
towardsthedoorthatledintola
thegarden.“Ibelievethatyouare
realmente
reallyaverygoodhusband,pero
butthatyouarethoroughlyavergonzado
ashamedofyourownvirtues.Youare
un
anextraordinaryfellow.Younever
dices
sayamoralthing,andyoununca
neverdoawrongthing.Yourcynicismissimply
una
apose.”“Beingnaturalissimply
una
apose,andthemostirritatingposeIknow,”criedLordHenry,laughing;y
andthetwoyoungmenwentoutintothejardín
gardentogetherandensconcedthemselvesonun
alongbambooseatthatstoodinthesombra
shadeofatalllaurelarbusto
bush.Thesunlightslippedoverthepolishedleaves.
Inthe
hierba
grass,whitedaisiesweretremulous.After
una
apause,LordHenrypulledouthisreloj
watch.“IamafraidI
debo
mustbegoing,Basil,”hemurmured,“andbeforeIgo,Iinsisto
insistonyouransweringapregunta
questionIputtoyousometimeago.”“Whatisthat?”
dijo
saidthepainter,keepinghiseyesfixedonel
theground.“Youknowquitewell.”
“I
hago
donot,Harry.”“Well,Iwill
diré
tellyouwhatitis.I
quiero
wantyoutoexplaintomepor qué
whyyouwon’texhibitDorianGray’scuadro
picture.Iwanttherealreason.”
“I
dije
toldyoutherealreason.”“No,you
hiciste
didnot.Yousaiditwas
porque
becausetherewastoomuchofyourselfinit.Ahora
Now,thatischildish.”“Harry,”
dijo
saidBasilHallward,lookinghimdirectamente
straightintheface,“everyretrato
portraitthatispaintedwithfeelingisun
aportraitoftheartist,notofla
thesitter.Thesitterismerelythe
accidente
accident,theoccasion.Itisnothewhois
revelado
revealedbythepainter;itisrather
el
thepainterwho,onthecolouredlienzo
canvas,revealshimself.ThereasonIwillnot
exhibir
exhibitthispictureisthatIamtemo
afraidthatIhaveshowninitthesecreto
secretofmyownsoul.”LordHenrylaughed.
“Andwhatisthat?”
he
preguntó
asked.“Iwilltellyou,”
dijo
saidHallward;butanexpressionofperplexity
vino
cameoverhisface.“Iam
toda
allexpectation,Basil,”continuedhiscompanion,glancingathim.“Oh,
hay
thereisreallyverylittletocontar
tell,Harry,”answeredthepainter;“andIam
temo
afraidyouwillhardlyunderstandit.Tal vez
Perhapsyouwillhardlybelieveit.”LordHenry
sonrió
smiled,andleaningdown,pluckeduna
apink-petalleddaisyfromthehierba
grassandexaminedit.“Iam
bastante
quitesureIshallunderstandit,”herespondió
replied,gazingintentlyatthepequeño
littlegolden,white-feathereddisk,“andasforcreer
believingthings,Icanbelievecualquier cosa
anything,providedthatitisbastante
quiteincredible.”Thewindshook
algunas
someblossomsfromthetrees,y
andtheheavylilac-blooms,withtheirclusteringstars,movieron
movedtoandfrointhelanguidaire
air.Agrasshopperbegantochirrupby
la
thewall,andlikeaazul
bluethreadalongthindragon-flyflotó
floatedpastonitsbrowngauzewings.LordHenry
sintió
feltasifhecouldoír
hearBasilHallward’sheartbeating,y
andwonderedwhatwascoming.“The
historia
storyissimplythis,”saidel
thepainteraftersometime.“Twomonths
hace
agoIwenttoacrushatLadyBrandon’s.You
sabes
knowwepoorartistshavetoshowourselvesinsociedad
societyfromtimetotime,sólo
justtoremindthepublicthatwearenotsavages.Con
Withaneveningcoatandawhitecorbata
tie,asyoutoldmeuna vez
once,anybody,evenastock-broker,puede
cangainareputationforbeingcivilized.Well,afterI
haber
hadbeenintheroomaboutdiez
tenminutes,talkingtohugeoverdresseddowagersy
andtediousacademicians,Isuddenlybecameconsciousthatsomeonewasmirando
lookingatme.Iturned
mitad
half-wayroundandsawDorianGrayfortheprimera
firsttime.Whenoureyesmet,I
sentí
feltthatIwasgrowingpálido
pale.Acurioussensationofterrorcameover
mí
me.IknewthatI
había
hadcomefacetofacecon
withsomeonewhosemerepersonalidad
personalitywassofascinatingthat,si
ifIallowedittodoso,itera
wouldabsorbmywholenature,mywholealma
soul,myveryartitself.Ididnot
quería
wantanyexternalinfluenceinmyvida
life.Youknowyourself,Harry,how
independiente
independentIambynature.I
he
havealwaysbeenmyownmaster;había
hadatleastalwaysbeenso,tillIconocí
metDorianGray.Then—butIdon’t
sé
knowhowtoexplainittoyou.Algo
SomethingseemedtotellmethatIwasontheborde
vergeofaterriblecrisisinmyvida
life.Ihadastrangefeelingthat
destino
fatehadinstoreformeexquisitejoysy
andexquisitesorrows.Igrewafraid
y
andturnedtoquitthehabitación
room.Itwasnotconsciencethat
hizo
mademedoso:itwas
una
asortofcowardice.I
tomo
takenocredittomyselfforintentado
tryingtoescape.”“Conscienceand
cobardía
cowardicearereallythesamethings,Basil.Conscienceisthetrade-nameofthefirm.
Eso
Thatisall.”“Idon’t
creo
believethat,Harry,andIdon’tcreo
believeyoudoeither.However,whateverwasmymotive—andit
puede
mayhavebeenpride,forIusedtobemuy
veryproud—Icertainlystruggledtothepuerta
door.There,ofcourse,IstumbledagainstLady
Brandon
Brandon.‘Youarenotgoingtorunawayso
pronto
soon,Mr.Hallward?’shescreamedout.You
conoces
knowhercuriouslyshrillvoice?”“Yes;
sheis
un
apeacockineverythingbutbeauty,”dijo
saidLordHenry,pullingthedaisytobitscon
withhislongnervousfingers.“I
pude
couldnotgetridofella
her.Shebroughtmeuptoroyalties,
y
andpeoplewithstarsandgarters,y
andelderlyladieswithgigantictiarasy
andparrotnoses.Shespokeofmeasherdearestfriend.
I
había
hadonlymetheronceantes
before,butshetookitintohercabeza
headtolionizeme.I
creo
believesomepictureofminehadmadeun
agreatsuccessatthemomento
time,atleasthadbeenchatteredaboutinthepennynewspapers,whichisthenineteenth-centuryestándar
standardofimmortality.SuddenlyI
encontré
foundmyselffacetofacecon
withtheyoungmanwhosepersonalidad
personalityhadsostrangelystirredme.