THEPREFACE
Theartistis
el
thecreatorofbeautifulthings.Torevealart
y
andconcealtheartistisart’saim.Thecriticishewho
puede
cantranslateintoanothermannero
oranewmaterialhisimpressionofbeautifulthings.La
Thehighestasthelowestformofcriticismisun
amodeofautobiography.Thosewho
encuentran
finduglymeaningsinbeautifulthingsarecorruptsin
withoutbeingcharming.Thisis
una
afault.Thosewhofindbeautifulmeaningsinbeautifulthingsare
los
thecultivated.Forthesethereis
esperanza
hope.Theyaretheelecttowhombeautifulthings
significan
meanonlybeauty.Thereis
no
nosuchthingasamoralo
oranimmoralbook.Booksare
bien
wellwritten,orbadlywritten.Eso
Thatisall.Thenineteenthcenturydislikeofrealismis
la
therageofCalibanseeinghisowncara
faceinaglass.Thenineteenthcenturydislikeofromanticismis
la
therageofCalibannotver
seeinghisownfaceinun
aglass.Themorallifeof
hombre
manformspartofthesubject-matteroftheartist,pero
butthemoralityofartconsistsintheperfecto
perfectuseofanimperfectmedium.Ningún
Noartistdesirestoprovenada
anything.Eventhingsthataretrue
pueden
canbeproved.Noartist
tiene
hasethicalsympathies.Anethicalsympathyinanartistisanunpardonablemannerismofstyle.
Ningún
Noartistisevermorbid.El
Theartistcanexpresseverything.Thought
y
andlanguagearetotheartistinstrumentsofun
anart.Viceandvirtuearetotheartistmaterialsfor
un
anart.Fromthepointofviewofform,thetypeof
todas
alltheartsistheartofthemusician.From
el
thepointofviewoffeeling,el
theactor’scraftisthetype.Todo
Allartisatoncesurfacey
andsymbol.Thosewhogobeneath
la
thesurfacedosoattheirperil.Aquellos
Thosewhoreadthesymbolhacen
dosoattheirperil.Itisthespectator,
y
andnotlife,thatartrealmente
reallymirrors.Diversityofopinion
sobre
aboutaworkofartmuestra
showsthattheworkisnew,complex,y
andvital.Whencriticsdisagree,theartistisinaccordwithhimself.
We
podemos
canforgiveamanforhacer
makingausefulthingaslongashehacer
doesnotadmireit.The
única
onlyexcuseformakingauselessthingisthatoneadmiresitintensely.Todo
Allartisquiteuseless.CHAPTERI.
Thestudiowasfilled
con
withtherichodourofroses,y
andwhenthelightsummerwindstirredamidstthetreesofthegarden,therecamepor
throughtheopendoortheheavyscentofthelilac,o
orthemoredelicateperfumeofthepink-floweringthorn.FromthecornerofthedivanofPersiansaddle-bagsonwhichhewaslying,smoking,aswashiscustom,innumerablecigarettes,LordHenryWotton
podía
couldjustcatchthegleamofthehoney-sweety
andhoney-colouredblossomsofalaburnum,whosetremulousbranchesseemedhardlyabletobeartheburdenofabeautysoflamelikeastheirs;y
andnowandthenthefantasticshadowsofbirdsinflightflittedacrossthelongtussore-silkcurtainsthatwerestretchedinfrente
frontofthehugewindow,producingaespecie
kindofmomentaryJapaneseeffect,y
andmakinghimthinkofthosepallid,jade-facedpaintersofTokyowho,a través de
throughthemediumofanartthatisnecessarilyimmobile,seektoconveythesenseofswiftnessy
andmotion.Thesullenmurmurofthebeesshoulderingtheirway
a través de
throughthelongunmowngrass,o
orcirclingwithmonotonousinsistenceroundthedustygilthornsofthestragglingwoodbine,seemedtohacer
makethestillnessmoreoppressive.ThedimroarofLondonwas
como
likethebourdonnoteofun
adistantorgan.Inthecentreoftheroom,clampedtoanuprighteasel,stoodthefull-lengthportraitofa
joven
youngmanofextraordinarypersonalbeauty,y
andinfrontofit,algunos
somelittledistanceaway,wassentado
sittingtheartisthimself,BasilHallward,whosesuddendisappearancealgunos
someyearsagocaused,atthemomento
time,suchpublicexcitementanddio
gaverisetosomanystrangeconjectures.Asthepainter
miraba
lookedatthegraciousandcomelyformhehabía
hadsoskilfullymirroredinhisart,una
asmileofpleasurepassedacrosshisrostro
face,andseemedabouttolingerallí
there.Buthesuddenlystartedup,
y
andclosinghiseyes,placedhisfingersuponlos
thelids,asthoughhesoughttoimprisonwithinhisbrainsomecurioussueño
dreamfromwhichhefearedhepodría
mightawake.“Itisyour
mejor
bestwork,Basil,thebestlo
thingyouhaveeverdone,”dijo
saidLordHenrylanguidly.“You
debes
mustcertainlysenditnextaño
yeartotheGrosvenor.TheAcademyis
demasiado
toolargeandtoovulgar.WheneverIhavegone
allí
there,therehavebeeneithersomanypeoplethatIhavenotbeenabletover
seethepictures,whichwasdreadful,o
orsomanypicturesthatIhavenotbeenabletover
seethepeople,whichwasworse.El
TheGrosvenorisreallytheonlyplace.”“Idon’t
creo
thinkIshallsenditanywhere,”herespondió
answered,tossinghisheadbackinthatoddmanera
waythatusedtomakehisfriendslaughathimatOxford.“No,Iwon’t
enviaré
senditanywhere.”LordHenryelevatedhiseyebrows
y
andlookedathiminamazementa través de
throughthethinbluewreathsofsmokethatcurledupintan
suchfancifulwhorlsfromhisheavy,opium-taintedcigarette.“Not
envías
senditanywhere?Mydearfellow,
por qué
why?Haveyouanyreason?
Whatoddchapsyoupainters
son
are!Youdoanythingin
el
theworldtogainareputation.As
pronto
soonasyouhaveone,youseemtoquieres
wanttothrowitaway.Itissillyofyou,for
hay
thereisonlyonethinginel
theworldworsethanbeinghablar
talkedabout,andthatisnotbeinghablar
talkedabout.Aportraitlike
este
thiswouldsetyoufarabovetodos
alltheyoungmeninEngland,y
andmaketheoldmenquitejealous,si
ifoldmenareevercapableofalguna
anyemotion.”“Iknowyouwilllaughatme,”hereplied,“butI
realmente
reallycan’texhibitit.I
he
haveputtoomuchofmyselfintoit.”LordHenrystretchedhimselfouton
el
thedivanandlaughed.“Yes,I
sabía
knewyouwould;butitisquite
cierto
true,allthesame.”“Toomuchofyourselfinit!
Uponmy
palabra
word,Basil,Ididn’tknowyouweresovain;y
andIreallycan’tseeningún
anyresemblancebetweenyou,withyourruggedstrongrostro
faceandyourcoal-blackhair,y
andthisyoungAdonis,wholooksassi
ifhewasmadeoutofivoryy
androse-leaves.Why,mydearBasil,heisaNarcissus,
y
andyou—well,ofcourseyoutiene
haveanintellectualexpressionandtodo
allthat.Butbeauty,realbeauty,ends
donde
whereanintellectualexpressionbegins.Intellectisinitself
un
amodeofexaggeration,anddestroystheharmonyofcualquier
anyface.Themomentone
sienta
sitsdowntothink,oneconvierte
becomesallnose,orallforehead,o
orsomethinghorrid.Lookatthesuccessfulmeninanyofthelearnedprofessions.
Howperfectlyhideousthey
son
are!Except,ofcourse,in
la
theChurch.Butthenin
la
theChurchtheydon’tthink.Un
Abishopkeepsonsayingatla
theageofeightywhathewastoldtosaycuando
whenhewasaboyofeighteen,y
andasanaturalconsequencehesiempre
alwayslooksabsolutelydelightful.Yourmysterious
joven
youngfriend,whosenameyouhas
havenevertoldme,butwhosepicturerealmente
reallyfascinatesme,neverthinks.I
siento
feelquitesureofthat.Heissomebrainless
hermosa
beautifulcreaturewhoshouldbesiempre
alwayshereinwinterwhenwetenemos
havenoflowerstolookat,y
andalwayshereinsummercuando
whenwewantsomethingtochillourintelligence.Don’tflatteryourself,Basil:
youarenotinthe
mínimo
leastlikehim.”“Youdon’t
entiendes
understandme,Harry,”answeredtheartist.“Of
supuesto
courseIamnotlikeél
him.Iknowthatperfectly
bien
well.Indeed,Ishouldbesorrytolooklikehim.
Youshrugyourshoulders?
Iam
diciendo
tellingyouthetruth.Thereis
una
afatalityaboutallphysicalandintellectualdistinction,thetipo
sortoffatalitythatseemstodoga través de
throughhistorythefalteringstepsofkings.Itis
mejor
betternottobedifferentfromone’sfellows.Los
Theuglyandthestupidtienen
havethebestofitineste
thisworld.Theycansitattheirease
y
andgapeattheplay.Si
Iftheyknownothingofvictory,theyareatmenos
leastsparedtheknowledgeofdefeat.They
vivir
liveasweallshouldlive—undisturbed,indifferent,y
andwithoutdisquiet.Theyneitherbringruinuponothers,noreverreceiveitfromalienhands.
Yourrank
y
andwealth,Harry;mybrains,
tal
suchastheyare—myart,lo
whateveritmaybeworth;DorianGray’sgoodlooks—weshall
todos
allsufferforwhatthegodshan
havegivenus,sufferterribly.”“DorianGray?
Is
ese
thathisname?”askedLordHenry,
caminando
walkingacrossthestudiotowardsBasilHallward.“Yes,
ese
thatishisname.Ididn’tintendtotellittoyou.”
“But
por qué
whynot?”“Oh,Ican’texplain.
Cuando
WhenIlikepeopleimmensely,Inunca
nevertelltheirnamestoanyone.Itis
como
likesurrenderingapartofellos
them.Ihavegrowntolovesecrecy.
Itseemstobe
la
theonethingthatcanhacer
makemodernlifemysteriousormarvelloustonosotros
us.Thecommonestthingisdelightful
si
ifoneonlyhidesit.Cuando
WhenIleavetownnowInunca
nevertellmypeoplewhereIamvoy
going.IfIdid,Iwould
perdería
loseallmypleasure.Itis
un
asillyhabit,Idaresay,pero
butsomehowitseemstotraer
bringagreatdealofromanceintoone’svida
life.Isupposeyouthinkmeawfullyfoolishaboutit?”
“Notatall,”
respondió
answeredLordHenry,“notatall,myquerido
dearBasil.Youseemto
olvidas
forgetthatIammarried,y
andtheonecharmofmarriageisthatithace
makesalifeofdeceptionabsolutelynecessaryforambas
bothparties.Ineverknowwheremy
esposa
wifeis,andmywifenunca
neverknowswhatIamhaciendo
doing.Whenwemeet—wedomeetoccasionally,
cuando
whenwedineouttogether,o
orgodowntotheDuke’s—wecontamos
telleachotherthemostabsurdstoriescon
withthemostseriousfaces.My
esposa
wifeisverygoodatit—muchmejor
better,infact,thanIam.She
nunca
nevergetsconfusedoverherdates,y
andIalwaysdo.But
cuando
whenshedoesfindmeout,shehace
makesnorowatall.Isometimes
desearía
wishshewould;butshemerelylaughsatme.”
“Ihate
la
thewayyoutalkaboutyourmarriedvida
life,Harry,”saidBasilHallward,strollingtowardsla
thedoorthatledintola
thegarden.“Ibelievethatyouare
realmente
reallyaverygoodhusband,pero
butthatyouarethoroughlyashamedofyourownvirtues.Youare
un
anextraordinaryfellow.Younever
dices
sayamoralthing,andyoununca
neverdoawrongthing.Yourcynicismissimply
una
apose.”“Beingnaturalissimply
una
apose,andthemostirritatingposeIknow,”criedLordHenry,laughing;y
andthetwoyoungmenwentoutintothegardenjuntos
togetherandensconcedthemselvesonun
alongbambooseatthatstoodintheshadeofun
atalllaurelbush.Thesunlightslipped
sobre
overthepolishedleaves.Inthegrass,whitedaisiesweretremulous.
After
una
apause,LordHenrypulledouthisreloj
watch.“IamafraidI
debo
mustbegoing,Basil,”hemurmured,“andbeforeIgo,Iinsistonyourrespondas
answeringaquestionIputtoyousometimeago.”“Whatisthat?”
dijo
saidthepainter,keepinghiseyesfixedonel
theground.“Youknowquitewell.”
“I
hago
donot,Harry.”“Well,Iwill
diré
tellyouwhatitis.I
quiero
wantyoutoexplaintomepor qué
whyyouwon’texhibitDorianGray’spicture.I
quiero
wanttherealreason.”“I
dije
toldyoutherealreason.”“No,you
hiciste
didnot.Yousaiditwas
porque
becausetherewastoomuchofyourselfinit.Ahora
Now,thatischildish.”“Harry,”
dijo
saidBasilHallward,lookinghimstraightinla
theface,“everyportraitthatispaintedcon
withfeelingisaportraitofla
theartist,notofthesitter.Thesitterismerelytheaccident,theoccasion.
Itisnothewhoisrevealedby
el
thepainter;itisrather
el
thepainterwho,onthecolouredcanvas,revealshimself.The
razón
reasonIwillnotexhibiteste
thispictureisthatIamtemo
afraidthatIhaveshowninitthesecretofmyownsoul.”LordHenrylaughed.
“Andwhatisthat?”
he
preguntó
asked.“Iwilltellyou,”
dijo
saidHallward;butanexpressionofperplexity
vino
cameoverhisface.“Iam
toda
allexpectation,Basil,”continuedhiscompanion,glancingathim.“Oh,
hay
thereisreallyverylittletocontar
tell,Harry,”answeredthepainter;“andIam
temo
afraidyouwillhardlyunderstandit.Tal vez
Perhapsyouwillhardlybelieveit.”LordHenrysmiled,
y
andleaningdown,pluckedapink-petalleddaisyfromla
thegrassandexaminedit.“Iam
bastante
quitesureIshallunderstandit,”hereplied,gazingintentlyatthepequeño
littlegolden,white-feathereddisk,“andasforcreer
believingthings,Icanbelievecualquier cosa
anything,providedthatitisbastante
quiteincredible.”Thewindshook
algunas
someblossomsfromthetrees,y
andtheheavylilac-blooms,withtheirclusteringstars,movieron
movedtoandfrointhelanguidaire
air.Agrasshopperbegantochirrupby
la
thewall,andlikeabluethreadalongthindragon-flyfloatedmás allá
pastonitsbrowngauzewings.LordHenry
sintió
feltasifhecouldoír
hearBasilHallward’sheartbeating,y
andwonderedwhatwascoming.“The
historia
storyissimplythis,”saidel
thepainteraftersometime.“Twomonths
hace
agoIwenttoacrushatLadyBrandon’s.You
sabes
knowwepoorartistshavetoshowourselvesinsocietyfromtimetotime,sólo
justtoremindthepublicthatwearenotsavages.Con
Withaneveningcoatandawhitetie,asyoudijiste
toldmeonce,anybody,evenastock-broker,puede
cangainareputationforbeingcivilized.Well,afterI
haber
hadbeenintheroomaboutdiez
tenminutes,talkingtohugeoverdresseddowagersy
andtediousacademicians,Isuddenlybecameconsciousthatsomeonewasmirando
lookingatme.Iturnedhalf-wayround
y
andsawDorianGrayfortheprimera
firsttime.Whenoureyesmet,I
sentí
feltthatIwasgrowingpale.Una
Acurioussensationofterrorcameovermí
me.IknewthatI
había
hadcomefacetofacecon
withsomeonewhosemerepersonalitywassofascinatingthat,si
ifIallowedittodoso,itera
wouldabsorbmywholenature,mywholesoul,mymismo
veryartitself.Ididnot
quería
wantanyexternalinfluenceinmyvida
life.Youknowyourself,Harry,howindependentIambynature.
I
he
havealwaysbeenmyownmaster;había
hadatleastalwaysbeenso,tillIconocí
metDorianGray.Then—butIdon’t
sé
knowhowtoexplainittoyou.Algo
SomethingseemedtotellmethatIwasonthevergeofuna
aterriblecrisisinmyvida
life.Ihadastrangefeelingthatfate
tenía
hadinstoreformeexquisitejoysy
andexquisitesorrows.Igrewafraid
y
andturnedtoquitthehabitación
room.Itwasnotconsciencethat
hizo
mademedoso:itwas
una
asortofcowardice.I
tomo
takenocredittomyselfforintentado
tryingtoescape.”“Conscienceandcowardiceare
realmente
reallythesamethings,Basil.Conscienceisthetrade-nameofthefirm.
Eso
Thatisall.”“Idon’t
creo
believethat,Harry,andIdon’tcreo
believeyoudoeither.However,whateverwasmymotive—andit
puede
mayhavebeenpride,forIusedtobemuy
veryproud—Icertainlystruggledtothepuerta
door.There,ofcourse,IstumbledagainstLadyBrandon.
‘Youarenot
va
goingtorunawaysopronto
soon,Mr.Hallward?’shescreamedout.You
conoces
knowhercuriouslyshrillvoice?”“Yes;
sheis
un
apeacockineverythingbutbeauty,”dijo
saidLordHenry,pullingthedaisytobitscon
withhislongnervousfingers.“I
pude
couldnotgetridofella
her.Shebroughtmeuptoroyalties,
y
andpeoplewithstarsandgarters,y
andelderlyladieswithgigantictiarasy
andparrotnoses.Shespokeofmeasherdearestfriend.
I
había
hadonlymetheronceantes
before,butshetookitintohercabeza
headtolionizeme.I
creo
believesomepictureofminehadmadeun
agreatsuccessatthemomento
time,atleasthadbeenchatteredaboutinthepennynewspapers,whichisthenineteenth-centurystandardofimmortality.SuddenlyI
encontré
foundmyselffacetofacecon
withtheyoungmanwhosepersonalityhabía
hadsostrangelystirredme.