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Beyond Good and Evil | Progressively Translated Polish A1 Books

Beyond Good and Evil | Progressively Translated Polish A1 Books

Embrace the benefits of this cutting-edge translation method, offering a tailored learning experience by letting you select the difficulty level that fits you best. It improves your comprehension by urging you to deduce meanings from context, reducing the need for constant translation. While some translations are intentionally masked to encourage guessing, it's always acceptable to check unfamiliar words. This method strikes the perfect balance between challenge and accessibility, making language learning both effective and enjoyable. Immerse yourself in these translated classics and uncover the pleasure of learning through literary exploration.

PREFACE
SUPPOSINGthatTruthisawoman—whatthen?
Is
nie
therenotgroundforsuspecting
że
thatallphilosophers,insofarasthey
ma
havebeendogmatists,havefailedto
zrozumieć
understandwomen—thattheterribleseriousness
i
andclumsyimportunitywithwhichthey
ma
haveusuallypaidtheiraddressesto
Prawdy
Truth,havebeenunskilledandunseemlymethodsforwinningawoman?
Certainlyshehas
nigdy nie
neverallowedherselftobewon;
andatpresent
każdy
everykindofdogmastandswithsadanddiscouragedmien—IF,indeed,itstandsatall!
Fortherearescoffers
którzy
whomaintainthatithasfallen,
że
thatalldogmaliesontheground—nay
więcej
more,thatitisatitslastgasp.
Ale
Buttospeakseriously,thereare
dobre
goodgroundsforhopingthat
wszystkie
alldogmatizinginphilosophy,whateversolemn,whateverconclusive
i
anddecidedairsithasassumed,mayhavebeen
tylko
onlyanoblepuerilismandtyronism;
i
andprobablythetimeisathand
kiedy
whenitwillbeonce
i
andagainunderstoodWHAThasactuallysufficedforthebasisofsuchimposing
i
andabsolutephilosophicaledificesasthedogmatistshavehithertoreared:
może
perhapssomepopularsuperstitionofimmemorialtime(suchasthesoul-superstition,
który
which,intheformofsubject-
i
andego-superstition,hasnotyetceaseddoingmischief):
może
perhapssomeplayuponwords,adeceptiononthepartofgrammar,
lub
oranaudaciousgeneralizationof
bardzo
veryrestricted,verypersonal,veryhuman—all-too-humanfacts.
Thephilosophyofthedogmatists,itistobehoped,was
tylko
onlyapromiseforthousandsofyearsafterwards,aswasastrologyin
jeszcze
stillearliertimes,intheserviceofwhich
prawdopodobnie
probablymorelabour,gold,acuteness,
i
andpatiencehavebeenspent
niż
thanonanyactualsciencehitherto:
weowetoit,andtoits"super-terrestrial"pretensionsinAsiaandEgypt,thegrandstyleofarchitecture.
Itseems
że
thatinordertoinscribethemselvesuponthe
sercu
heartofhumanitywitheverlastingclaims,
wszystkie
allgreatthingshavefirsttowanderaboutthe
ziemi
earthasenormousandawe-inspiringcaricatures:
dogmaticphilosophyhasbeenacaricatureof
tego
thiskind—forinstance,theVedantadoctrineinAsia,
i
andPlatonisminEurope.
Letusnotbeungratefultoit,althoughitmustcertainlybeconfessed
że
thattheworst,themosttiresome,andthe
najbardziej
mostdangerousoferrorshithertohasbeenadogmatisterror—namely,Plato'sinventionofPureSpiritandthe
Dobra
GoodinItself.
Butnowwhenithasbeensurmounted,whenEurope,ridofthisnightmare,
może
canagaindrawbreathfreely
i
andatleastenjoyahealthier—sleep,
my
we,WHOSEDUTYISWAKEFULNESSITSELF,aretheheirsofallthestrengthwhichthestruggleagainstthiserrorhasfostered.
Itamountedtotheveryinversionof
prawdy
truth,andthedenialofthePERSPECTIVE—thefundamentalcondition—of
życia
life,tospeakofSpirit
i
andtheGoodasPlato
mówił
spokeofthem;
indeedonemight
zapytać
ask,asaphysician:
"Howdid
taka
suchamaladyattackthatfinestproductofantiquity,Plato?
HadthewickedSocrates
naprawdę
reallycorruptedhim?
WasSocratesafterallacorrupterofyouths,
i
anddeservedhishemlock?"
ButthestruggleagainstPlato,or—tospeakplainer,
i
andforthe"people"—thestruggleagainsttheecclesiasticaloppressionofmillenniumsofChristianity
Dla
(FORCHRISTIANITYISPLATONISMFORTHE"PEOPLE"),producedinEuropeamagnificenttensionofsoul,suchashadnotexistedanywherepreviously;
z
withsuchatenselystrainedbowone
można
cannowaimatthefurthestgoals.
Asamatterof
rzeczywistości
fact,theEuropeanfeelsthistensionasastateofdistress,
a
andtwiceattemptshavebeenmadeingrandstyletounbendthebow:
raz
oncebymeansofJesuitism,andthe
drugi
secondtimebymeansofdemocraticenlightenment—which,withtheaidoflibertyofthepressandnewspaper-reading,might,in
rzeczywistości
fact,bringitaboutthatthespiritwouldnotsoeasily
znalazłby
finditselfin"distress"!
(TheGermansinventedgunpowder—allcreditto
nich
them!
buttheyagainmadethingssquare—theyinventedprinting.)
Ale
Butwe,whoareneitherJesuits,nordemocrats,nor
nawet
evensufficientlyGermans,weGOODEUROPEANS,
i
andfree,VERYfreespirits—we
mamy
haveitstill,allthedistressofspirit
i
andallthetensionofitsbow!
And
może
perhapsalsothearrow,theduty,and,
kto
whoknows?
THEGOALTOAIMAT....
CHAPTERI.PREJUDICESOFPHILOSOPHERS
1.
The
Wola
WilltoTruth,whichistotemptustomanyahazardousenterprise,thefamousTruthfulnessofwhichallphilosophershavehitherto
mówili
spokenwithrespect,whatquestionshas
ta
thisWilltoTruthnotlaid
przed
beforeus!
Whatstrange,perplexing,questionablequestions!
Itis
już
alreadyalongstory;
yetitseemsasifitwerehardlycommenced.
Isitanywonderifweatlastgrowdistrustful,
tracimy
losepatience,andturnimpatientlyaway?
Że
ThatthisSphinxteachesusatlasttoaskquestionsourselves?
Kto
WHOisitreallythatputsquestionstoushere?
WHAT
naprawdę
reallyisthis"WilltoTruth"in
nas
us?
Infactwemadea
długo
longhaltatthequestionastotheoriginof
tej
thisWill—untilatlastwecametoanabsolutestandstill
przed
beforeayetmorefundamentalquestion.
Weinquired
o
abouttheVALUEofthisWill.
Granted
że
thatwewantthetruth:
Dlaczego
WHYNOTRATHERuntruth?
Anduncertainty?
Nawet
Evenignorance?
Theproblemofthevalueof
prawdy
truthpresenteditselfbeforeus—orwasitwewhopresentedourselves
przed
beforetheproblem?
WhichofusistheOedipushere?
Który
WhichtheSphinx?
Itwouldseemtobearendezvousofquestions
i
andnotesofinterrogation.
Andcoulditbebelieved
że
thatitatlastseemstousasifthe
problem
problemhadneverbeenpropoundedbefore,asifwewerethefirsttodiscern
go
it,getasightof
go
it,andRISKRAISINGit?
Forthereisriskinraising
go
it,perhapsthereisnogreaterrisk.
2.
"HOWCOULD
coś
anythingoriginateoutofitsopposite?
Forexample,truthoutoferror?
orthe
Wola
WilltoTruthoutofthe
wola
willtodeception?
orthegenerousdeedoutofselfishness?
orthepuresun-brightvisionofthewisemanoutofcovetousness?
Taka
Suchgenesisisimpossible;
whoeverdreamsofitisafool,nay,worsethanafool;
thingsofthehighestvalue
muszą
musthaveadifferentorigin,anoriginofTHEIRown—in
tym
thistransitory,seductive,illusory,paltry
świecie
world,inthisturmoilofdelusion
i
andcupidity,theycannothavetheirsource.
Ale
ButratherinthelapofBeing,intheintransitory,intheconcealed
Bogu
God,inthe'Thing-in-itself—THEREmustbetheirsource,
i
andnowhereelse!"—Thismodeofreasoningdisclosesthetypicalprejudicebywhichmetaphysiciansofalltimes
można
canberecognized,thismodeofvaluationisatthebackofalltheirlogicalprocedure;
through
tej
this"belief"oftheirs,theyexertthemselvesfortheir"knowledge,"for
coś
somethingthatisintheendsolemnlychristened"theTruth."
ThefundamentalbeliefofmetaphysiciansisTHEBELIEFINANTITHESESOFVALUES.
It
nigdy nie
neveroccurredeventothewariestofthemtodoubt
tutaj
hereontheverythreshold(wheredoubt,however,was
najbardziej
mostnecessary);
thoughtheyhadmadeasolemnvow,"DEOMNIBUSDUBITANDUM."
Foritmaybedoubted,firstly,whetherantithesesexistatall;
i
andsecondly,whetherthepopularvaluations
i
andantithesesofvalueuponwhichmetaphysicianshavesettheirseal,arenotperhapsmerelysuperficialestimates,merelyprovisionalperspectives,besidesbeingprobablymadefromsomecorner,perhapsfrombelow—"frogperspectives,"asitwere,toborrowanexpressioncurrentamongpainters.
Inspiteofallthevaluewhichmaybelongtothetrue,thepositive,
i
andtheunselfish,itmightbe
możliwe
possiblethatahigherand
bardziej
morefundamentalvalueforlifegenerallyshouldbeassignedtopretence,tothewilltodelusion,toselfishness,
i
andcupidity.
Itmightevenbe
możliwe
possiblethatWHATconstitutesthevalueofthosegood
i
andrespectedthings,consistspreciselyintheirbeinginsidiouslyrelated,knotted,
i
andcrochetedtotheseevil
i
andapparentlyopposedthings—perhapseveninbeingessentiallyidenticalwith
nimi
them.
Perhaps!
Butwhowishestoconcernhimselfwithsuchdangerous"Perhapses"!
Forthatinvestigationonemustawaittheadventofa
nowego
neworderofphilosophers,suchas
będą
willhaveothertastesandinclinations,thereverseofthosehithertoprevalent—philosophersofthedangerous"Perhaps"ineverysenseoftheterm.
I
Andtospeakinallseriousness,I
widzę
seesuchnewphilosophersbeginningtoappear.
3.
Havingkeptasharpeyeonphilosophers,
i
andhavingreadbetweentheirlines
długo
longenough,Inowsaytomyself
że
thatthegreaterpartofconsciousthinkingmustbecountedamongtheinstinctivefunctions,
i
anditissoeveninthe
przypadku
caseofphilosophicalthinking;
onehas
tu
heretolearnanew,asonelearnedanew
o
aboutheredityand"innateness."
As
mało
littleastheactofbirthcomesintoconsiderationinthe
całego
wholeprocessandprocedureofheredity,justas
mało
littleis"being-conscious"OPPOSEDtotheinstinctiveinanydecisivesense;
thegreaterpartoftheconsciousthinkingofaphilosopherissecretlyinfluencedbyhisinstincts,
i
andforcedintodefinitechannels.
Andbehindalllogicanditsseemingsovereigntyofmovement,therearevaluations,ortospeakmoreplainly,physiologicaldemands,forthemaintenanceofadefinitemodeof
życia
lifeForexample,thatthecertainisworthmore
niż
thantheuncertain,thatillusionislessvaluable
niż
than"truth"suchvaluations,inspiteoftheirregulativeimportancefor
Nas
US,mightnotwithstandingbeonlysuperficialvaluations,specialkindsofniaiserie,
takie
suchasmaybenecessaryforthemaintenanceofbeings
takie
suchasourselves.
Supposing,ineffect,
że
thatmanisnotjustthe"measureofthings."
4.
Thefalsenessofanopinionisnotforusanyobjectiontoit:
itis
tutaj
here,perhaps,thatournewlanguagesounds
najbardziej
moststrangely.
Thequestionis,howfaranopinionislife-furthering,life-preserving,species-preserving,perhapsspecies-rearing,andwearefundamentallyinclinedtomaintain
że
thatthefalsestopinions(towhichthesyntheticjudgmentsaprioribelong),arethe
najbardziej
mostindispensabletous,that
bez
withoutarecognitionoflogicalfictions,
bez
withoutacomparisonofrealitywiththepurelyIMAGINED
świata
worldoftheabsoluteandimmutable,
bez
withoutaconstantcounterfeitingofthe
świata
worldbymeansofnumbers,
człowiek
mancouldnotlive—thattherenunciationoffalseopinionswouldbearenunciationoflife,anegationoflife.
TORECOGNISEUNTRUTHASACONDITIONOF
Życia
LIFE;
thatiscertainlytoimpugn
ten
thetraditionalideasofvalueinadangerousmanner,andaphilosophywhichventuresto
zrobić
doso,hastherebyalone
umieściła
placeditselfbeyondgoodandevil.
5.
Że
Thatwhichcausesphilosopherstoberegardedhalf-distrustfully
i
andhalf-mockingly,isnottheoft-repeateddiscovery
jak
howinnocenttheyare—howoften
i
andeasilytheymakemistakes
i
andlosetheirway,inshort,
jak
howchildishandchildliketheyare,—but
że
thatthereisnotenoughhonestdealingwith
nimi
them,whereastheyallraisealoud
i
andvirtuousoutcrywhenthe
problem
problemoftruthfulnessisevenhintedatintheremotestmanner.
Theyallposeasthoughtheir
prawdziwe
realopinionshadbeendiscovered
i
andattainedthroughtheself-evolvingofacold,pure,divinelyindifferentdialectic
W
(incontrasttoallsortsofmystics,
którzy
who,fairerandfoolisher,talkof"inspiration"),whereas,in
rzeczywistości
fact,aprejudicedproposition,idea,
lub
or"suggestion,"whichisgenerallytheirheart'sdesireabstracted
i
andrefined,isdefendedbythemwithargumentssought
się
outaftertheevent.
Theyarealladvocates
którzy
whodonotwishtoberegardedassuch,generallyastutedefenders,also,oftheirprejudices,whichtheydub"truths,"—and
Bardzo
VERYfarfromhavingtheconsciencewhichbravelyadmits
tego
thistoitself,veryfarfromhavingthegoodtasteofthecouragewhich
idzie
goessofarastolet
tego
thisbeunderstood,perhapstowarnfriend
lub
orfoe,orincheerfulconfidence
i
andself-ridicule.
ThespectacleoftheTartufferyofoldKant,equallystiff
i
anddecent,withwhichheenticesusintothedialecticby-waysthatlead(morecorrectlymislead)tohis"categoricalimperative"—makesusfastidiousonessmile,we
którzy
whofindnosmallamusementinspying
się
outthesubtletricksofoldmoralists
i
andethicalpreachers.
Or,still
bardziej
moreso,thehocus-pocusinmathematicalform,bymeansofwhichSpinozahas,asitwere,cladhisphilosophyinmail
i
andmask—infact,the"loveofHISwisdom,"totranslatethetermfairly
i
andsquarely—inordertherebytostriketerrorat
po
onceintotheheartoftheassailantwhoshoulddaretocastaglanceonthatinvinciblemaiden,thatPallasAthene:—howmuchofpersonaltimidity
i
andvulnerabilitydoesthismasqueradeofasicklyreclusebetray!
6.
Ithasgraduallybecome
jasne
cleartomewhateverygreatphilosophy
się
uptillnowhasconsistedof—namely,theconfessionofitsoriginator,andaspeciesofinvoluntaryandunconsciousauto-biography;
a
andmoreoverthatthemoral(orimmoral)purposeineveryphilosophyhasconstitutedthetruevitalgermoutofwhichtheentireplanthas
zawsze
alwaysgrown.
Indeed,tounderstand
jaki sposób
howtheabstrusestmetaphysicalassertionsofaphilosopherhavebeenarrivedat,itis
zawsze
alwayswell(andwise)to
najpierw
firstaskoneself:
"Whatmoralitydothey(ordoeshe)aimat?"
Accordingly,Idonot
wierzę
believethatan"impulsetoknowledge"isthe
ojcem
fatherofphilosophy;
butthat
inny
anotherimpulse,hereaselsewhere,has
tylko
onlymadeuseofknowledge
I
(andmistakenknowledge!)
asaninstrument.
Ale
Butwhoeverconsidersthefundamentalimpulsesofmanwithaviewtodetermininghowfartheymayhave
tu
hereactedasINSPIRINGGENII(orasdemons
i
andcobolds),willfindthattheyhaveallpracticedphilosophyatone
czasie
timeoranother,andthat
każdy
eachoneofthemwouldhavebeenonlytoogladtolookuponitselfastheultimateendofexistence
i
andthelegitimateLORDoveralltheotherimpulses.
For
każdy
everyimpulseisimperious,andasSUCH,attemptstophilosophize.
Tobesure,inthe
przypadku
caseofscholars,inthe
przypadku
caseofreallyscientificmen,it
może
maybeotherwise—"better,"ifyouwill;
therethere
może
mayreallybesucha
coś
thingasan"impulsetoknowledge,"somekindof
mały
small,independentclock-work,which,when
dobrze
wellwoundup,worksawayindustriouslytothatend,
Bez
WITHOUTtherestofthescholarlyimpulsestakinganymaterialparttherein.
Theactual"interests"ofthescholar,therefore,aregenerallyin
zupełnie
quiteanotherdirection—inthefamily,
może
perhaps,orinmoney-making,orinpolitics;
itis,in
rzeczywistości
fact,almostindifferentatwhat
momencie
pointofresearchhislittlemachineisplaced,
i
andwhetherthehopefulyoungworker
zostanie
becomesagoodphilologist,amushroomspecialist,orachemist;
heisnotCHARACTERISEDbybecoming
tym
thisorthat.
Inthephilosopher,onthecontrary,
nie
thereisabsolutelynothingimpersonal;
andaboveall,hismoralityfurnishesadecidedanddecisivetestimonyastoWHOHEIS,—thatistosay,inwhat
kolejności
orderthedeepestimpulsesofhisnature
stoją
standtoeachother.
7.
Howmaliciousphilosophers
mogą
canbe!
Iknowof
nic
nothingmorestingingthanthejokeEpicurustookthelibertyof
zrobił
makingonPlatoandthePlatonists;
hecalledthemDionysiokolakes.
Initsoriginalsense,
i
andonthefaceofit,the
słowo
wordsignifies"FlatterersofDionysius"—consequently,tyrants'accessories
i
andlick-spittles;
besidesthis,however,itisasmuchasto
powiedzieć
say,"TheyareallACTORS,
nie
thereisnothinggenuineaboutthem"
Dla
(forDionysiokolaxwasapopular
imię
nameforanactor).
Andthelatteris
naprawdę
reallythemalignantreproachthatEpicuruscastuponPlato:
hewasannoyedbythegrandiosemanner,themiseenscenestyleofwhichPlato
i
andhisscholarsweremasters—ofwhichEpicuruswasnotamaster!
On
He,theoldschool-teacherofSamos,who
siedział
satconcealedinhislittlegardenatAthens,
i
andwrotethreehundredbooks,
może
perhapsoutofrageandambitiousenvyofPlato,who
wie
knows!
Greecetookahundredyearstofind
się
outwhothegarden-godEpicurus
naprawdę
reallywas.
Didsheeverfind
się
out?
8.
Thereisa
punkt
pointineveryphilosophyatwhichthe"conviction"ofthephilosopherappearsonthescene;
albo
or,toputitinthewordsofanancientmystery:.
Adventavitasinus,Pulcheretfortissimus.
9.
Youdesireto
Żyć
LIVE"accordingtoNature"?
Oh,younobleStoics,whatfraudofwords!
ImaginetoyourselvesabeinglikeNature,boundlesslyextravagant,boundlesslyindifferent,
bez
withoutpurposeorconsideration,withoutpityorjustice,atoncefruitful
i
andbarrenanduncertain:
imaginetoyourselvesINDIFFERENCEasapower—howCOULDyou
żyć
liveinaccordancewithsuchindifference?
Tolive—isnotthat
tylko
justendeavouringtobeotherwise
niż
thanthisNature?
Isnotlivingvaluing,preferring,beingunjust,beinglimited,endeavouringtobedifferent?
I
Andgrantedthatyourimperative,"livingaccordingtoNature,"meansactuallythesameas"livingaccordingtolife"—howcouldyou
zrobić
doDIFFERENTLY?
Whyshouldyoumakeaprincipleoutofwhatyouyourselves
jesteście
are,andmustbe?
Inreality,however,itis
zupełnie
quiteotherwisewithyou:
whileyoupretendtoreadwithrapturethecanonofyour
prawa
lawinNature,youwant
czegoś
somethingquitethecontrary,youextraordinarystage-players
i
andself-deluders!
Inyourprideyouwishtodictateyourmorals
i
andidealstoNature,toNatureherself,
i
andtoincorporatethemtherein;
youinsist
że
thatitshallbeNature"accordingtotheStoa,"
i
andwouldlikeeverythingtobemadeafteryourownimage,asavast,eternalglorification
i
andgeneralismofStoicism!
Withallyourlovefor
prawdy
truth,youhaveforcedyourselvesso
długo
long,sopersistently,andwithsuchhypnoticrigidityto
widzieć
seeNatureFALSELY,thatistosay,Stoically,
że
thatyouarenolonger
stanie
abletoseeitotherwise—andtocrownall,someunfathomablesuperciliousnessgivesyoutheBedlamitehope
że
thatBECAUSEyouareabletotyrannizeoveryourselves—Stoicismisself-tyranny—Naturewillalsoallowherselftobetyrannizedover:
isnottheStoicaPARTofNature?...
Ale
Butthisisanold
i
andeverlastingstory:
whathappenedinoldtimes
ze
withtheStoicsstillhappenstoday,assoonaseveraphilosophybeginsto
wierzyć
believeinitself.
Italwayscreatestheworldinitsownimage;
itcannotdootherwise;
philosophyis
tym
thistyrannicalimpulseitself,the
najbardziej
mostspiritualWilltoPower,thewillto"creationoftheworld,"thewilltothecausaprima.
10.
Theeagerness
i
andsubtlety,Ishouldeven
powiedzieć
saycraftiness,withwhichthe
problem
problemof"therealandtheapparentworld"isdealtwithatpresentthroughoutEurope,furnishes
żywności
foodforthoughtandattention;
andhe
kto
whohearsonlya"WilltoTruth"in
ten
thebackground,andnothingelse,cannotcertainlyboastof
ten
thesharpestears.
Inrare
i
andisolatedcases,itmay
naprawdę
reallyhavehappenedthatsucha
Wola
WilltoTruth—acertainextravagant
i
andadventurouspluck,ametaphysician'sambitionoftheforlornhope—hasparticipatedtherein:
that
co
whichintheendalwaysprefersahandfulof"certainty"toa
cały
wholecartloadofbeautifulpossibilities;
there
mogą
mayevenbepuritanicalfanaticsofconscience,
którzy
whoprefertoputtheirlasttrustinasure
niczym
nothing,ratherthaninanuncertain
czymś
something.
ButthatisNihilism,
i
andthesignofadespairing,mortallyweariedsoul,notwithstandingthecourageousbearing
taka
suchavirtuemaydisplay.
Itseems,however,tobeotherwisewithstronger
i
andlivelierthinkerswhoare
wciąż
stilleagerforlife.
In
że
thattheysideAGAINSTappearance,
i
andspeaksuperciliouslyof"perspective,"in
że
thattheyrankthecredibilityoftheirownbodiesaboutaslowas
ten
thecredibilityoftheocularevidence
że
that"theearthstandsstill,"
i
andthus,apparently,allowingwithcomplacencytheirsecurestpossessiontoescape
Za
(forwhatdoesoneatpresent
wierzy
believeinmorefirmlythaninone'sbody?),—who
wie
knowsiftheyarenot
naprawdę
reallytryingtowinback
czegoś
somethingwhichwasformerlyanevensecurerpossession,
czegoś
somethingoftheolddomainof
ten
thefaithofformertimes,perhaps
ten
the"immortalsoul,"perhaps"theoldGod,"inshort,ideasbywhichtheycould
żyć
livebetter,thatisto
mówią
say,morevigorouslyandmorejoyously,
niż
thanby"modernideas"?
ThereisDISTRUSTof
tych
thesemodernideasinthismodeoflookingatthings,adisbeliefinallthathasbeenconstructedyesterday
i
andtoday;
thereisperhapssomeslightadmixtureofsatietyandscorn,
która
whichcannolongerenduretheBRIC-A-BRACofideasofthemostvariedorigin,suchasso-calledPositivismatpresentthrowsonthemarket;
adisgustofthe
bardziej
morerefinedtasteatthevillage-fairmotleyness
i
andpatchinessofallthesereality-philosophasters,inwhom
nie
thereisnothingeithernew
lub
ortrue,exceptthismotleyness.
Thereinitseemstome
że
thatweshouldagreewiththoseskepticalanti-realists
i
andknowledge-microscopistsofthepresentday;
theirinstinct,
który
whichrepelsthemfromMODERNreality,isunrefuted...
whatdotheirretrogradeby-pathsconcern
nas
us!
ThemainthingaboutthemisNOT
że
thattheywishtogo"back,"
ale
butthattheywishtogetAWAYtherefrom.
A
trochę
littleMOREstrength,swing,courage,
i
andartisticpower,andtheywouldbeOFF—andnotback!
11.
Itseemstome
że
thatthereiseverywhereanattemptatpresenttodivertattentionfromtheactualinfluencewhichKantexercisedonGermanphilosophy,
a
andespeciallytoignoreprudentlythevaluewhichhesetuponhimself.
KantwasfirstandforemostproudofhisTableofCategories;
z
withitinhishandhe
powiedział
said:
"Thisisthemostdifficultthingthatcouldeverbeundertakenonbehalfofmetaphysics."
Letus
tylko
onlyunderstandthis"couldbe"!
HewasproudofhavingDISCOVEREDanewfacultyinman,thefacultyofsyntheticjudgmentapriori.
Granting
że
thathedeceivedhimselfin
tej
thismatter;
thedevelopmentandrapidflourishingofGermanphilosophydependedneverthelessonhispride,
i
andontheeagerrivalryoftheyoungergenerationtodiscover
jeśli
ifpossiblesomething—atallevents"newfaculties"—ofwhichtobe
jeszcze
stillprouder!—Butletusreflectforamoment—itishightimetodoso.
"HowaresyntheticjudgmentsaprioriPOSSIBLE?"
Kantaskshimself—andwhatisreallyhis
odpowiedź
answer?
"BYMEANSOFAMEANS(faculty)"—butunfortunatelynotinfivewords,
ale
butsocircumstantially,imposingly,andwithsuchdisplayofGermanprofundityandverbalflourishes,
że
thatonealtogetherlosessightofthecomicalniaiserieallemandeinvolvedinsuchan
odpowiedź
answer.
Peoplewerebesidethemselveswithdelight
nad
overthisnewfaculty,andthejubilationreacheditsclimax
gdy
whenKantfurtherdiscoveredamoralfacultyinman—foratthat
czasie
timeGermanswerestillmoral,notyetdabblinginthe"Politicsofhardfact."
ThencamethehoneymoonofGermanphilosophy.
Allthe
młodzi
youngtheologiansoftheTubingeninstitution
poszli
wentimmediatelyintothegroves—allseekingfor"faculties."
I
Andwhatdidtheynotfind—inthatinnocent,rich,
i
andstillyouthfulperiodoftheGermanspirit,towhichRomanticism,themaliciousfairy,piped
i
andsang,whenonecouldnotyetdistinguishbetween"finding"
i
and"inventing"!
Aboveallafacultyforthe"transcendental";
Schellingchristenedit,intellectualintuition,andtherebygratifiedthemostearnestlongingsofthenaturallypious-inclinedGermans.
One
można
candonogreaterwrongtothewholeof
tego
thisexuberantandeccentricmovement(whichwasreallyyouthfulness,notwithstanding
że
thatitdisguiseditselfsoboldly,inhoaryandsenileconceptions),
niż
thantotakeitseriously,or
nawet
eventreatitwithmoralindignation.
Enough,however—theworldgrewolder,
a
andthedreamvanished.
A
czas
timecamewhenpeoplerubbedtheirforeheads,
i
andtheystillrubthemtoday.
Peoplehadbeendreaming,
a
andfirstandforemost—oldKant.
"Bymeansofameans(faculty)"—hehad
powiedział
said,oratleastmeantto
powiedzieć
say.
But,isthat—ananswer?
Anexplanation?
Orisitnotrathermerelyarepetitionofthequestion?
Jak
Howdoesopiuminducesleep?
"Bymeansofameans(faculty),"namelythevirtusdormitiva,repliesthe
lekarz
doctorinMoliere,.
Butsuchrepliesbelongtotherealmofcomedy,anditishigh
czas
timetoreplacetheKantian
pytanie
question,"HowaresyntheticjudgmentsaPRIORIpossible?"
byanotherquestion,"Whyisbeliefin
takie
suchjudgmentsnecessary?"—ineffect,itishigh
czas
timethatweshouldunderstand
że
thatsuchjudgmentsmustbebelievedtobetrue,forthesakeofthepreservationofcreatures
jak
likeourselves;
thoughtheystillmightnaturallybefalsejudgments!
Albo
Or,moreplainlyspoken,androughlyandreadily—syntheticjudgmentsapriori
powinny
shouldnot"bepossible"atall;
we
mamy
havenorighttothem;
inourmouthstheyarenothingbutfalsejudgments.
Tylko
Only,ofcourse,thebeliefintheirtruthisnecessary,asplausiblebelief
i
andocularevidencebelongingtotheperspectiveviewoflife.
I
Andfinally,tocalltomindtheenormousinfluencewhich"Germanphilosophy"—I
nadzieję
hopeyouunderstanditsrighttoinvertedcommas(goosefeet)?—hasexercisedthroughoutthe
całą
wholeofEurope,thereisnodoubt
że
thatacertainVIRTUSDORMITIVAhad
pewien
ashareinit;
thankstoGermanphilosophy,itwasadelighttothenobleidlers,thevirtuous,themystics,theartiste,thethree-fourthsChristians,
i
andthepoliticalobscurantistsofallnations,to
znaleźć
findanantidotetothe
wciąż
stilloverwhelmingsensualismwhichoverflowedfromthelastcenturyinto
tego
this,inshort—"sensusassoupire."...