PREFACE
SUPPOSINGthatTruthisawoman—whatthen?
Istherenotgroundforsuspectingthatallphilosophers,insofarastheyhavebeendogmatists,havefailedtounderstandwomen—thattheterribleseriousnessandclumsyimportunitywithwhichtheyhaveusuallypaidtheiraddressestoTruth,havebeenunskilledandunseemlymethodsforwinningawoman?
Certainlyshehas
결코
neverallowedherselftobewon;그리고
andatpresenteverykindofdogmastandswithsad그리고
anddiscouragedmien—IF,indeed,itstandsatall!Fortherearescofferswhomaintainthatithasfallen,that
모든
alldogmaliesontheground—nay더
more,thatitisatits마지막
lastgasp.Buttospeakseriously,thereare
좋은
goodgroundsforhopingthat모든
alldogmatizinginphilosophy,whateversolemn,whateverconclusiveanddecidedairsithasassumed,may가질
havebeenonlyanoblepuerilismandtyronism;그리고
andprobablythetimeisathandwhenitwillbeonce그리고
andagainunderstoodWHAThas실제로
actuallysufficedforthebasisof같은
suchimposingandabsolutephilosophicaledificesasthedogmatistshavehithertoreared:아마도
perhapssomepopularsuperstitionofimmemorialtime(suchasthesoul-superstition,which,intheformofsubject-그리고
andego-superstition,hasnotyetceaseddoingmischief):perhaps
어떤
someplayuponwords,adeceptiononthepartofgrammar,또는
oranaudaciousgeneralizationof매우
veryrestricted,verypersonal,veryhuman—all-too-humanfacts.Thephilosophyofthedogmatists,itistobehoped,wasonlyapromiseforthousandsofyearsafterwards,aswasastrologyinstillearliertimes,intheserviceofwhichprobably
더
morelabour,gold,acuteness,andpatiencehavebeenspentthanonanyactualsciencehitherto:weowetoit,
그리고
andtoits"super-terrestrial"pretensionsinAsia그리고
andEgypt,thegrandstyleofarchitecture.Itseemsthatinordertoinscribethemselvesupontheheartofhumanitywitheverlastingclaims,
모든
allgreatthingshavefirsttowanderabouttheearthasenormousandawe-inspiringcaricatures:dogmaticphilosophyhasbeenacaricatureofthiskind—forinstance,theVedantadoctrineinAsia,andPlatonisminEurope.
Letusnotbeungratefultoit,althoughitmustcertainlybeconfessed
그
thattheworst,themosttiresome,고
andthemostdangerousoferrorshithertohasbeenadogmatisterror—namely,Plato'sinventionofPureSpirit고
andtheGoodinItself.그러나
Butnowwhenithasbeensurmounted,때
whenEurope,ridofthisnightmare,수
canagaindrawbreathfreelyandat적어도
leastenjoyahealthier—sleep,we,WHOSEDUTYISWAKEFULNESSITSELF,aretheheirsof모든
allthestrengthwhichthestruggleagainst이
thiserrorhasfostered.Itamountedtotheveryinversionoftruth,andthedenialofthePERSPECTIVE—thefundamentalcondition—oflife,tospeakofSpiritandtheGoodasPlatospokeofthem;
indeed
한
onemightask,asaphysician:"Howdidsuchamaladyattackthatfinestproductofantiquity,Plato?
HadthewickedSocratesreallycorruptedhim?
WasSocratesafterallacorrupterofyouths,anddeservedhishemlock?"
그러나
ButthestruggleagainstPlato,or—tospeakplainer,그리고
andforthe"people"—thestruggleagainsttheecclesiasticaloppressionofmillenniumsofChristianity위한
(FORCHRISTIANITYISPLATONISMFORTHE"PEOPLE"),producedinEuropeamagnificenttensionofsoul,suchashadnotexistedanywherepreviously;가진
withsuchatenselystrainedbowone수
cannowaimatthefurthestgoals.Asamatterof
사실
fact,theEuropeanfeelsthistensionasastateofdistress,andtwiceattemptshavebeenmadeingrandstyletounbendthebow:oncebymeansofJesuitism,
그리고
andthesecondtimebymeansofdemocraticenlightenment—which,withtheaidoflibertyofthepress그리고
andnewspaper-reading,might,infact,bringitaboutthatthespiritwouldnotsoeasilyfinditselfin"distress"!(TheGermansinventedgunpowder—allcredittothem!
하지만
buttheyagainmadethingssquare—theyinventedprinting.)그러나
Butwe,whoareneitherJesuits,nordemocrats,nor심지어
evensufficientlyGermans,weGOODEUROPEANS,and자유로운
free,VERYfreespirits—wehaveit여전히
still,allthedistressofspiritand모든
allthetensionofitsbow!그리고
Andperhapsalsothearrow,theduty,그리고
and,whoknows?THEGOALTOAIMAT....
CHAPTERI.PREJUDICESOFPHILOSOPHERS
1.
TheWilltoTruth,whichistotemptusto
많은
manyahazardousenterprise,thefamousTruthfulnessofwhich모든
allphilosophershavehithertospokenwithrespect,whatquestionshas이
thisWilltoTruthnotlaidbeforeus!Whatstrange,perplexing,questionablequestions!
Itis
이미
alreadyalongstory;yetitseemsasifitwerehardlycommenced.
Isitanywonderifweatlastgrowdistrustful,
잃고
losepatience,andturnimpatientlyaway?ThatthisSphinxteachesusatlasttoaskquestionsourselves?
누가
WHOisitreallythatputsquestionstous여기
here?WHATreallyisthis"WilltoTruth"in
우리
us?Infactwemadea
오랫동안
longhaltatthequestionastotheoriginof이
thisWill—untilatlastwecametoanabsolutestandstillbeforeayet더
morefundamentalquestion.Weinquired
대해
abouttheVALUEofthisWill.Grantedthatwewantthe
진실을
truth:WHYNOTRATHERuntruth?
그리고
Anduncertainty?Evenignorance?
The
문제
problemofthevalueoftruthpresenteditselfbeforeus—orwasitwewhopresentedourselvesbeforethe문제
problem?WhichofusistheOedipushere?
WhichtheSphinx?
Itwouldseemtobearendezvousofquestionsandnotesofinterrogation.
그리고
Andcoulditbebelievedthatitatlastseemstousasiftheproblemhadneverbeenpropounded전에
before,asifwewerethe먼저
firsttodiscernit,getasightofit,그리고
andRISKRAISINGit?Forthereisriskinraisingit,
아마도
perhapsthereisnogreaterrisk.2.
"HOWCOULDanythingoriginateoutofitsopposite?
Forexample,
진실을
truthoutoferror?ortheWilltoTruthoutofthewilltodeception?
orthegenerousdeedoutofselfishness?
orthepuresun-brightvisionofthewisemanoutofcovetousness?
그러한
Suchgenesisisimpossible;whoeverdreamsofitisafool,nay,worsethanafool;
thingsofthehighestvaluemust
가질
haveadifferentorigin,anoriginofTHEIRown—in이
thistransitory,seductive,illusory,paltryworld,in이
thisturmoilofdelusionandcupidity,theycannot가질
havetheirsource.ButratherinthelapofBeing,intheintransitory,intheconcealed
하느님
God,inthe'Thing-in-itself—THEREmustbetheirsource,andnowhereelse!"—Thismodeofreasoningdisclosesthetypicalprejudiceby있는
whichmetaphysiciansofalltimes수
canberecognized,thismodeofvaluationisatthebackof모든
alltheirlogicalprocedure;through
이
this"belief"oftheirs,theyexertthemselvesfortheir"knowledge,"forsomethingthatisintheendsolemnlychristened"theTruth."ThefundamentalbeliefofmetaphysiciansisTHEBELIEFINANTITHESESOFVALUES.
It
결코
neveroccurredeventothewariestofthemtodoubthereontheverythreshold(wheredoubt,however,was가장
mostnecessary);thoughtheyhadmadeasolemnvow,"DEOMNIBUSDUBITANDUM."
Forit
수
maybedoubted,firstly,whetherantithesesexistatall;그리고
andsecondly,whetherthepopularvaluations그리고
andantithesesofvalueuponwhichmetaphysicianshavesettheirseal,arenotperhapsmerelysuperficialestimates,merelyprovisionalperspectives,besidesbeingprobablymadefromsomecorner,perhapsfrombelow—"frogperspectives,"asitwere,toborrowanexpressioncurrentamongpainters.Inspiteof
모든
allthevaluewhichmaybelongtothetrue,thepositive,andtheunselfish,itmightbepossiblethatahigherand더
morefundamentalvalueforlifegenerallyshouldbeassignedtopretence,tothewilltodelusion,toselfishness,andcupidity.Itmight
심지어
evenbepossiblethatWHATconstitutesthevalueofthosegoodandrespectedthings,consistspreciselyintheirbeinginsidiouslyrelated,knotted,andcrochetedto이
theseevilandapparentlyopposedthings—perhaps심지어
eveninbeingessentiallyidenticalwiththem.Perhaps!
하지만
Butwhowishestoconcernhimselfwith그런
suchdangerous"Perhapses"!Forthatinvestigationonemustawaittheadventofa
새로운
neworderofphilosophers,suchaswillhave다른
othertastesandinclinations,thereverseofthosehithertoprevalent—philosophersofthedangerous"Perhaps"in모든
everysenseoftheterm.그리고
Andtospeakinallseriousness,Isee그러한
suchnewphilosophersbeginningtoappear.3.
Havingkeptasharpeyeonphilosophers,
그리고
andhavingreadbetweentheirlines오래
longenough,Inowsaytomyselfthatthegreaterpartofconsciousthinkingmustbecountedamongtheinstinctivefunctions,그리고
anditissoeveninthecaseofphilosophicalthinking;한
onehasheretolearnanew,as한
onelearnedanewaboutheredityand"innateness."Aslittleastheactofbirthcomesintoconsiderationinthe
전체
wholeprocessandprocedureofheredity,justaslittleis"being-conscious"OPPOSEDtotheinstinctiveinanydecisivesense;thegreaterpartoftheconsciousthinkingofaphilosopherissecretlyinfluencedbyhisinstincts,andforcedintodefinitechannels.
그리고
Andbehindalllogicanditsseemingsovereigntyofmovement,therearevaluations,또는
ortospeakmoreplainly,physiologicaldemands,forthemaintenanceofadefinitemodeoflifeForexample,thatthecertainisworth더
morethantheuncertain,thatillusionislessvaluablethan"truth"suchvaluations,inspiteoftheirregulativeimportancefor우리
US,mightnotwithstandingbeonlysuperficialvaluations,specialkindsofniaiserie,suchasmaybenecessaryforthemaintenanceofbeingssuchasourselves.Supposing,ineffect,thatmanisnot
단지
justthe"measureofthings."4.
Thefalsenessofanopinionisnotforus
어떤
anyobjectiontoit:itis
여기서
here,perhaps,thatournewlanguagesounds가장
moststrangely.Thequestionis,
얼마나
howfaranopinionislife-furthering,life-preserving,species-preserving,perhapsspecies-rearing,andwearefundamentallyinclinedtomaintainthatthefalsestopinions(to어떤
whichthesyntheticjudgmentsaprioribelong),arethe가장
mostindispensabletous,that않고
withoutarecognitionoflogicalfictions,않고
withoutacomparisonofrealitywiththepurelyIMAGINEDworldoftheabsoluteandimmutable,않고
withoutaconstantcounterfeitingoftheworldbymeansofnumbers,mancouldnotlive—thattherenunciationoffalseopinionswouldbearenunciationoflife,anegationoflife.TORECOGNISEUNTRUTHASACONDITIONOFLIFE;
thatiscertainlytoimpugnthetraditionalideasofvalueinadangerousmanner,andaphilosophy
있는
whichventurestodoso,hastherebyaloneplaceditselfbeyondgoodandevil.5.
Thatwhichcausesphilosopherstoberegardedhalf-distrustfullyandhalf-mockingly,isnottheoft-repeateddiscovery
얼마나
howinnocenttheyare—howoftenandeasilytheymakemistakesandlosetheirway,inshort,얼마나
howchildishandchildliketheyare,—butthatthereisnotenoughhonestdealingwiththem,whereasthey모두
allraisealoudandvirtuousoutcry때
whentheproblemoftruthfulnessisevenhintedatintheremotestmanner.They
모두
allposeasthoughtheir진정한
realopinionshadbeendiscoveredandattainedthroughtheself-evolvingofacold,pure,divinelyindifferentdialectic(incontrastto모두
allsortsofmystics,who,fairerandfoolisher,talkof"inspiration"),whereas,in사실
fact,aprejudicedproposition,idea,또는
or"suggestion,"whichisgenerallytheirheart'sdesireabstractedandrefined,isdefendedbythemwithargumentssoughtoutaftertheevent.Theyare
모두
alladvocateswhodonotwishtoberegardedassuch,generallyastutedefenders,또한
also,oftheirprejudices,whichtheydub"truths,"—and아주
VERYfarfromhavingtheconsciencewhichbravelyadmitsthistoitself,아주
veryfarfromhavingthe좋은
goodtasteofthecouragewhichgoesso멀리
farastoletthisbeunderstood,아마도
perhapstowarnfriendorfoe,또는
orincheerfulconfidenceandself-ridicule.ThespectacleoftheTartufferyofoldKant,equallystiffanddecent,withwhichheenticesusintothedialecticby-waysthatlead(morecorrectlymislead)tohis"categoricalimperative"—makesusfastidiousonessmile,wewhofindno
작은
smallamusementinspyingoutthesubtletricksofoldmoralistsandethicalpreachers.Or,still
더
moreso,thehocus-pocusinmathematicalform,bymeansofwhichSpinozahas,asitwere,cladhisphilosophyinmail고
andmask—infact,the"loveofHISwisdom,"totranslatethetermfairly고
andsquarely—inordertherebytostriketerroratonceintotheheartoftheassailantwhoshoulddaretocastaglanceonthatinvinciblemaiden,thatPallasAthene:—howmuchofpersonaltimidity고
andvulnerabilitydoesthismasqueradeofasicklyreclusebetray!6.
Ithasgraduallybecomecleartomewhat
모든
everygreatphilosophyuptillnowhasconsistedof—namely,theconfessionofitsoriginator,andaspeciesofinvoluntaryandunconsciousauto-biography;그리고
andmoreoverthatthemoral(orimmoral)purposein모든
everyphilosophyhasconstitutedthe진정한
truevitalgermoutofwhichtheentireplanthas항상
alwaysgrown.Indeed,tounderstand
어떻게
howtheabstrusestmetaphysicalassertionsofaphilosopherhavebeenarrivedat,itis항상
alwayswell(andwise)to먼저
firstaskoneself:"Whatmoralitydothey(ordoes
그
he)aimat?"Accordingly,I
않습니다
donotbelievethatan"impulsetoknowledge"isthefatherofphilosophy;그러나
butthatanotherimpulse,hereaselsewhere,hasonlymadeuseofknowledge(andmistakenknowledge!)asaninstrument.
그러나
Butwhoeverconsidersthefundamentalimpulsesof인간의
manwithaviewtodetermining얼마나
howfartheymayhavehereactedasINSPIRINGGENII또는
(orasdemonsandcobolds),willfindthattheyhave모든
allpracticedphilosophyatonetime또는
oranother,andthateach한
oneofthemwouldhavebeenonlytoogladtolookuponitselfastheultimateendofexistenceandthelegitimateLORDover모든
alltheotherimpulses.For
모든
everyimpulseisimperious,andas그런
SUCH,attemptstophilosophize.Tobesure,inthecaseofscholars,inthecaseof
정말
reallyscientificmen,itmaybeotherwise—"better,"ifyouwill;therethere
수
mayreallybesuchathingasan"impulsetoknowledge,"somekindof작은
small,independentclock-work,which,when잘
wellwoundup,worksawayindustriouslyto그
thatend,WITHOUTtherestofthescholarlyimpulsestakinganymaterialparttherein.Theactual"interests"ofthescholar,therefore,aregenerallyinquite
다른
anotherdirection—inthefamily,perhaps,또는
orinmoney-making,orinpolitics;itis,in
사실
fact,almostindifferentatwhatpointofresearchhis작은
littlemachineisplaced,andwhetherthehopeful젊은
youngworkerbecomesagoodphilologist,amushroomspecialist,또는
orachemist;heisnotCHARACTERISEDbybecomingthisorthat.
Inthephilosopher,onthecontrary,thereisabsolutelynothingimpersonal;
그리고
andaboveall,hismoralityfurnishesadecided그리고
anddecisivetestimonyastoWHOHEIS,—thatistosay,inwhatorderthedeepestimpulsesofhisnaturestandtoeachother.7.
얼마나
Howmaliciousphilosopherscanbe!Iknowofnothing
더
morestingingthanthejokeEpicurustookthelibertyofmakingonPlatoandthePlatonists;hecalledthemDionysiokolakes.
Initsoriginalsense,
그리고
andonthefaceofit,thewordsignifies"FlatterersofDionysius"—consequently,tyrants'accessories그리고
andlick-spittles;besidesthis,however,itisasmuchastosay,"Theyare
모두
allACTORS,thereisnothinggenuine대해
aboutthem"(forDionysiokolaxwasapopularnameforanactor).그리고
AndthelatterisreallythemalignantreproachthatEpicuruscastuponPlato:hewasannoyedbythegrandiosemanner,themiseenscenestyleofwhichPlatoandhisscholarsweremasters—ofwhichEpicuruswasnotamaster!
He,theoldschool-teacherofSamos,whosatconcealedinhis
작은
littlegardenatAthens,andwrotethreehundredbooks,perhapsoutofrageandambitiousenvyofPlato,whoknows!Greecetookahundredyearstofindoutwhothegarden-godEpicurusreallywas.
Didsheeverfindout?
8.
Thereisapointin
모든
everyphilosophyatwhichthe"conviction"ofthephilosopherappearsonthescene;또는
or,toputitinthewordsofanancientmystery:.Adventavitasinus,Pulcheretfortissimus.
9.
YoudesiretoLIVE"accordingtoNature"?
Oh,younobleStoics,whatfraudofwords!
Imaginetoyourselvesabeing
같은
likeNature,boundlesslyextravagant,boundlesslyindifferent,withoutpurposeorconsideration,withoutpityorjustice,atoncefruitfulandbarrenanduncertain:imaginetoyourselvesINDIFFERENCEasapower—howCOULDyou
살
liveinaccordancewithsuchindifference?Tolive—isnotthat
단지
justendeavouringtobeotherwisethan이
thisNature?Isnotlivingvaluing,preferring,beingunjust,beinglimited,endeavouringtobe
다른
different?Andgrantedthatyourimperative,"livingaccordingtoNature,"means
실제로
actuallythesameas"livingaccordingtolife"—howcouldyou할
doDIFFERENTLY?Whyshouldyoumakeaprincipleoutofwhatyouyourselvesare,
그리고
andmustbe?Inreality,however,itisquiteotherwisewithyou:
동안
whileyoupretendtoreadwithrapturethecanonofyourlawinNature,youwantsomethingquitethecontrary,youextraordinarystage-players그리고
andself-deluders!InyourprideyouwishtodictateyourmoralsandidealstoNature,toNatureherself,andtoincorporatethemtherein;
youinsistthatitshallbeNature"accordingtotheStoa,"andwouldlike
모든
everythingtobemadeafteryourownimage,asavast,eternalglorificationandgeneralismofStoicism!With
모든
allyourlovefortruth,youhaveforcedyourselvesso오래
long,sopersistently,andwithsuchhypnoticrigidityto볼
seeNatureFALSELY,thatistosay,Stoically,thatyouare없습니다
nolongerabletoseeitotherwise—andtocrown모든
all,someunfathomablesuperciliousnessgivesyoutheBedlamitehopethatBECAUSEyouare수
abletotyrannizeoveryourselves—Stoicismisself-tyranny—Naturewillalsoallowherselftobetyrannized이상
over:isnottheStoicaPARTofNature?...
하지만
Butthisisanoldandeverlastingstory:whathappenedinoldtimeswiththeStoicsstillhappenstoday,assoonaseveraphilosophybeginstobelieveinitself.
It
항상
alwayscreatestheworldinits자신의
ownimage;itcannotdootherwise;
philosophyis
이
thistyrannicalimpulseitself,the가장
mostspiritualWilltoPower,thewillto"creationoftheworld,"thewilltothecausaprima.10.
Theeagernessandsubtlety,Ishould
심지어
evensaycraftiness,withwhichtheproblemof"therealandtheapparentworld"isdealtwithatpresentthroughoutEurope,furnishesfoodforthoughtandattention;그리고
andhewhohearsonlya"WilltoTruth"inthebackground,그리고
andnothingelse,cannotcertainlyboastofthesharpestears.Inrareandisolatedcases,it
수
mayreallyhavehappenedthat그러한
suchaWilltoTruth—acertainextravagantandadventurouspluck,ametaphysician'sambitionoftheforlornhope—hasparticipatedtherein:thatwhichintheendalwaysprefersahandfulof"certainty"toawholecartloadof
아름다운
beautifulpossibilities;theremayevenbepuritanicalfanaticsofconscience,whoprefertoputtheir
마지막
lasttrustinasure아무것도
nothing,ratherthaninanuncertainsomething.그러나
ButthatisNihilism,andthesignofadespairing,mortallyweariedsoul,notwithstandingthecourageousbearing그러한
suchavirtuemaydisplay.Itseems,however,tobeotherwisewithstrongerandlivelierthinkerswhoare
여전히
stilleagerforlife.InthattheysideAGAINSTappearance,andspeaksuperciliouslyof"perspective,"inthattheyrankthecredibilityoftheirownbodiesaboutaslowasthecredibilityoftheocularevidencethat"theearthstandsstill,"andthus,apparently,allowingwithcomplacencytheirsecurestpossessiontoescape(forwhatdoesoneatpresent
믿는
believeinmorefirmlythaninone'sbody?),—whoknowsiftheyarenotreallytryingtowinbacksomethingwhichwasformerlyanevensecurerpossession,somethingoftheolddomainofthefaithofformertimes,perhapsthe"immortalsoul,"perhaps"theoldGod,"inshort,ideasbywhichtheycouldlivebetter,thatistosay,morevigorouslyandmorejoyously,thanby"modernideas"?ThereisDISTRUSTofthesemodernideasinthismodeoflookingatthings,adisbeliefin
모든
allthathasbeenconstructedyesterdayandtoday;thereisperhapssomeslightadmixtureofsatietyandscorn,which
수
cannolongerenduretheBRIC-A-BRACofideasofthe가장
mostvariedorigin,suchasso-calledPositivismatpresentthrowsonthemarket;adisgustofthe
더
morerefinedtasteatthevillage-fairmotleynessandpatchinessof모든
allthesereality-philosophasters,inwhomthereis아무것도
nothingeithernewortrue,exceptthismotleyness.Thereinitseemstomethatweshouldagreewiththoseskepticalanti-realistsandknowledge-microscopistsofthepresentday;
theirinstinct,whichrepelsthemfromMODERNreality,isunrefuted...
whatdotheirretrogradeby-pathsconcernus!
ThemainthingaboutthemisNOTthattheywishtogo"back,"butthattheywishtogetAWAYtherefrom.
A
조금
littleMOREstrength,swing,courage,그리고
andartisticpower,andtheywouldbeOFF—andnotback!11.
ItseemstomethatthereiseverywhereanattemptatpresenttodivertattentionfromtheactualinfluencewhichKantexercisedonGermanphilosophy,andespeciallytoignoreprudentlythevaluewhichhesetuponhimself.
KantwasfirstandforemostproudofhisTableofCategories;
withitinhis
손에
handhesaid:"Thisisthe
가장
mostdifficultthingthatcouldeverbeundertakenonbehalfofmetaphysics."Letusonlyunderstand
이
this"couldbe"!HewasproudofhavingDISCOVEREDa
새로운
newfacultyinman,thefacultyofsyntheticjudgmentapriori.Grantingthathedeceivedhimselfin
이
thismatter;thedevelopmentandrapidflourishingofGermanphilosophydependedneverthelessonhispride,andontheeagerrivalryoftheyoungergenerationtodiscoverif
가능한
possiblesomething—atallevents"newfaculties"—ofwhichtobestillprouder!—Butletusreflectforamoment—itishightimeto할
doso."HowaresyntheticjudgmentsaprioriPOSSIBLE?"
Kantaskshimself—andwhatisreallyhisanswer?
"BYMEANSOFAMEANS(faculty)"—butunfortunatelynotinfivewords,butsocircumstantially,imposingly,and
함께
withsuchdisplayofGermanprofundityandverbalflourishes,that한
onealtogetherlosessightof는
thecomicalniaiserieallemandeinvolvedin그런
suchananswer.Peoplewerebesidethemselveswithdelightover
이
thisnewfaculty,andthejubilationreacheditsclimax때
whenKantfurtherdiscoveredamoralfacultyinman—foratthattimeGermanswere아직도
stillmoral,notyetdabblinginthe"Politicsofhardfact."ThencamethehoneymoonofGermanphilosophy.
Allthe
젊은
youngtheologiansoftheTubingeninstitutionwentimmediatelyintothegroves—allseekingfor"faculties."그리고
Andwhatdidtheynotfind—inthatinnocent,rich,그리고
andstillyouthfulperiodoftheGermanspirit,towhichRomanticism,themaliciousfairy,piped그리고
andsang,whenonecouldnot아직
yetdistinguishbetween"finding"and"inventing"!Aboveallafacultyforthe"transcendental";
Schellingchristenedit,intellectualintuition,andtherebygratifiedthe
가장
mostearnestlongingsofthenaturallypious-inclinedGermans.One
수
candonogreaterwrongtothewholeof이
thisexuberantandeccentricmovement(whichwasreallyyouthfulness,notwithstandingthatitdisguiseditselfsoboldly,inhoary고
andsenileconceptions),thantotakeitseriously,or심지어
eventreatitwithmoralindignation.Enough,however—theworldgrewolder,andthedreamvanished.
Atimecamewhenpeoplerubbedtheirforeheads,andthey
여전히
stillrubthemtoday.Peoplehadbeendreaming,andfirstandforemost—oldKant.
"Bymeansofameans(faculty)"—hehadsaid,orat
적어도
leastmeanttosay.But,isthat—ananswer?
Anexplanation?
Orisitnotrathermerelyarepetitionofthequestion?
어떻게
Howdoesopiuminducesleep?"Bymeansofameans(faculty),"namely
는
thevirtusdormitiva,repliesthe의사
doctorinMoliere,.Butsuchrepliesbelongtotherealmofcomedy,anditishightimetoreplacetheKantianquestion,"HowaresyntheticjudgmentsaPRIORIpossible?"
byanotherquestion,"Whyisbeliefinsuchjudgmentsnecessary?"—ineffect,itishightimethatweshouldunderstandthatsuchjudgmentsmustbebelievedtobe
사실
true,forthesakeofthepreservationofcreatureslikeourselves;비록
thoughtheystillmightnaturallybefalsejudgments!또는
Or,moreplainlyspoken,androughly그리고
andreadily—syntheticjudgmentsapriorishouldnot"bepossible"atall;wehave
없습니다
norighttothem;inourmouthstheyare
아무것도
nothingbutfalsejudgments.Only,of
물론
course,thebeliefintheirtruthisnecessary,asplausiblebeliefandocularevidencebelongingtotheperspectiveviewoflife.그리고
Andfinally,tocalltomindtheenormousinfluence어떤
which"Germanphilosophy"—Ihopeyouunderstanditsrighttoinvertedcommas(goosefeet)?—hasexercisedthroughoutthewholeofEurope,thereis없습니다
nodoubtthatacertainVIRTUSDORMITIVAhadashareinit;thankstoGermanphilosophy,itwasadelighttothenobleidlers,thevirtuous,themystics,theartiste,thethree-fourthsChristians,
그리고
andthepoliticalobscurantistsof모든
allnations,tofindanantidotetothe여전히
stilloverwhelmingsensualismwhichoverflowedfromthe지난
lastcenturyintothis,inshort—"sensusassoupire."...