Beyond Good and Evil | Progressive Hungarian A1 Translation Books

Beyond Good and Evil | Progressive Hungarian A1 Translation Books

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PREFACE
SUPPOSINGthatTruthis
egy
a
woman—whatthen?
Istherenotgroundforsuspectingthat
minden
all
philosophers,insofarastheyhavebeendogmatists,havefailedtounderstandwomen—thattheterribleseriousness
és
and
clumsyimportunitywithwhichtheyhaveusuallypaidtheiraddressestoTruth,havebeenunskilled
és
and
unseemlymethodsforwinning
egy
a
woman?
Certainlyshehasneverallowedherselftobewon;
és
and
atpresenteverykindofdogmastandswithsad
és
and
discouragedmien—IF,indeed,itstandsatall!
Fortherearescoffers
akik
who
maintainthatithasfallen,
hogy
that
alldogmaliesontheground—naymore,
hogy
that
itisatits
utolsó
last
gasp.
Buttospeakseriously,thereare
good
groundsforhopingthat
minden
all
dogmatizinginphilosophy,whateversolemn,whateverconclusive
és
and
decidedairsithasassumed,mayhavebeen
csak
only
anoblepuerilismandtyronism;
és
and
probablythetimeisathand
amikor
when
itwillbeonce
és
and
againunderstoodWHAThas
valójában
actually
sufficedforthebasisof
olyan
such
imposingandabsolutephilosophicaledificesasthedogmatists
volt
have
hithertoreared:
perhapssomepopularsuperstitionofimmemorialtime(suchasthesoul-superstition,
amely
which
,intheformofsubject-
és
and
ego-superstition,hasnotyetceaseddoingmischief):
talán
perhaps
someplayuponwords,adeceptiononthepartofgrammar,
vagy
or
anaudaciousgeneralizationof
nagyon
very
restricted,verypersonal,veryhuman—all-too-humanfacts.
Thephilosophyofthedogmatists,itistobehoped,was
csak
only
apromiseforthousandsofyearsafterwards,aswasastrologyin
még
still
earliertimes,intheserviceofwhich
valószínűleg
probably
morelabour,gold,acuteness,
és
and
patiencehavebeenspentthanon
bármely
any
actualsciencehitherto:
weowetoit,
és
and
toits"super-terrestrial"pretensionsinAsia
és
and
Egypt,thegrandstyleofarchitecture.
Itseemsthatinordertoinscribethemselvesupontheheartofhumanitywitheverlastingclaims,
minden
all
greatthingshavefirsttowanderabouttheearthasenormous
és
and
awe-inspiringcaricatures:
dogmaticphilosophy
volt
has
beenacaricatureofthiskind—forinstance,theVedantadoctrineinAsia,
és
and
PlatonisminEurope.
Letusnotbeungratefultoit,althoughit
kell
must
certainlybeconfessedthattheworst,themosttiresome,
és
and
themostdangerousoferrorshithertohasbeen
egy
a
dogmatisterror—namely,Plato'sinventionofPureSpirit
és
and
theGoodinItself.
De
But
nowwhenithasbeensurmounted,
amikor
when
Europe,ridofthisnightmare,can
újra
again
drawbreathfreelyandatleastenjoyahealthier—sleep,
mi
we
,WHOSEDUTYISWAKEFULNESSITSELF,aretheheirsofallthestrengthwhichthestruggleagainstthiserror
vagyunk
has
fostered.
Itamountedtotheveryinversionof
igazság
truth
,andthedenialofthePERSPECTIVE—thefundamentalcondition—of
élet
life
,tospeakofSpirit
és
and
theGoodasPlatospokeofthem;
indeedonemightask,asaphysician:
"Howdid
ilyen
such
amaladyattackthatfinestproductofantiquity,Plato?
Had
a
the
wickedSocratesreallycorrupted
őt
him
?
WasSocratesafterallacorrupterofyouths,
és
and
deservedhishemlock?"
Butthestruggle
ellen
against
Plato,or—tospeakplainer,
és
and
forthe"people"—thestruggle
ellen
against
theecclesiasticaloppressionofmillenniumsofChristianity(FORCHRISTIANITYISPLATONISMFORTHE"PEOPLE"),producedinEuropeamagnificenttensionofsoul,
olyan
such
ashadnotexistedanywherepreviously;
with
ilyen
such
atenselystrainedbowonecannowaimatthefurthestgoals.
Asamatterof
valójában
fact
,theEuropeanfeelsthistensionasastateofdistress,
és
and
twiceattemptshavebeen
hogy
made
ingrandstyletounbendthebow:
egyszer
once
bymeansofJesuitism,
és
and
thesecondtimebymeansofdemocraticenlightenment—which,withtheaidoflibertyofthepress
és
and
newspaper-reading,might,infact,bringitabout
amely
that
thespiritwouldnotsoeasily
találja
find
itselfin"distress"!
(TheGermansinventedgunpowder—allcreditto
nekik
them
!
buttheyagainmadethingssquare—theyinventedprinting.)
De
But
we,whoareneitherJesuits,nordemocrats,norevensufficientlyGermans,we
GOOD
EUROPEANS,andfree,VERY
szabad
free
spirits—wehaveitstill,
minden
all
thedistressofspirit
és
and
allthetensionofitsbow!
És
And
perhapsalsothearrow,
a
the
duty,and,whoknows?
THEGOALTOAIMAT....
CHAPTERI.PREJUDICESOFPHILOSOPHERS
1.
TheWillto
Igazság
Truth
,whichistotemptusto
sok
many
ahazardousenterprise,thefamousTruthfulnessof
amely
which
allphilosophershavehithertospokenwithrespect,whatquestionshas
ez
this
WilltoTruthnotlaidbefore
minket
us
!
Whatstrange,perplexing,questionablequestions!
Itis
már
already
alongstory;
yetitseemsasifitwerehardlycommenced.
Isitanywonder
ha
if
weatlastgrowdistrustful,losepatience,
és
and
turnimpatientlyaway?
That
ez
this
Sphinxteachesusatlastto
kérdezzük
ask
questionsourselves?
WHOisitreallythatputsquestionstous
itt
here
?
WHATreallyisthis"WilltoTruth"inus?
In
valójában
fact
wemadealonghaltatthe
kérdés
question
astotheoriginofthisWill—untilatlastwecametoanabsolutestandstill
előtt
before
ayetmorefundamental
kérdés
question
.
WeinquiredabouttheVALUEofthisWill.
Granted
hogy
that
wewantthetruth:
Miért
WHY
NOTRATHERuntruth?
Anduncertainty?
Evenignorance?
The
probléma
problem
ofthevalueof
igazság
truth
presenteditselfbeforeus—orwasitwe
akik
who
presentedourselvesbeforethe
probléma
problem
?
WhichofusistheOedipus
itt
here
?
WhichtheSphinx?
Itwouldseemtobearendezvousofquestions
és
and
notesofinterrogation.
And
lehet
could
itbebelievedthatitatlastseemstousasiftheproblem
volna
had
neverbeenpropoundedbefore,asifwewerethefirsttodiscernit,getasightofit,
és
and
RISKRAISINGit?
Forthereisriskinraisingit,
talán
perhaps
thereisnogreaterrisk.
2.
"HOWCOULD
valami
anything
originateoutofitsopposite?
Forexample,
igazság
truth
outoferror?
ortheWillto
Igazság
Truth
outofthewilltodeception?
vagy
or
thegenerousdeedoutofselfishness?
vagy
or
thepuresun-brightvisionofthewise
ember
man
outofcovetousness?
Suchgenesisisimpossible;
whoeverdreamsofitisafool,nay,worsethanafool;
thingsofthehighestvaluemusthavea
más
different
origin,anoriginofTHEIRown—inthistransitory,seductive,illusory,paltryworld,inthisturmoilofdelusion
és
and
cupidity,theycannothavetheirsource.
De
But
ratherinthelapofBeing,intheintransitory,intheconcealedGod,inthe'Thing-in-itself—THERE
kell
must
betheirsource,andnowhereelse!"—Thismodeofreasoningdisclosesthetypicalprejudicebywhichmetaphysiciansof
minden
all
timescanberecognized,
ez
this
modeofvaluationisatthebackof
minden
all
theirlogicalprocedure;
throughthis"belief"oftheirs,theyexertthemselvesfortheir"knowledge,"forsomething
amit
that
isintheendsolemnlychristened"theTruth."
ThefundamentalbeliefofmetaphysiciansisTHEBELIEFINANTITHESESOFVALUES.
Itneveroccurredeventothewariestofthemtodoubt
itt
here
ontheverythreshold(wheredoubt,however,wasmostnecessary);
thoughtheyhadmadeasolemnvow,"DEOMNIBUSDUBITANDUM."
Foritmaybedoubted,firstly,whetherantithesesexistatall;
és
and
secondly,whetherthepopularvaluations
és
and
antithesesofvalueuponwhichmetaphysicianshavesettheirseal,arenotperhapsmerelysuperficialestimates,merelyprovisionalperspectives,besidesbeingprobably
hogy
made
fromsomecorner,perhapsfrombelow—"frogperspectives,"asitwere,toborrow
egy
an
expressioncurrentamongpainters.
Inspiteof
minden
all
thevaluewhichmaybelongtothetrue,thepositive,
és
and
theunselfish,itmightbe
lehetséges
possible
thatahigherandmorefundamentalvalueforlifegenerally
kellene
should
beassignedtopretence,tothewilltodelusion,toselfishness,
és
and
cupidity.
ItmightevenbepossiblethatWHATconstitutesthevalueofthose
good
andrespectedthings,consistspreciselyintheirbeinginsidiouslyrelated,knotted,
és
and
crochetedtotheseevil
és
and
apparentlyopposedthings—perhapseveninbeingessentiallyidenticalwiththem.
Talán
Perhaps
!
Butwhowishestoconcernhimselfwith
ilyen
such
dangerous"Perhapses"!
Forthatinvestigationonemustawaittheadventofa
új
new
orderofphilosophers,suchas
lesznek
will
haveothertastesandinclinations,thereverseofthosehithertoprevalent—philosophersofthedangerous"Perhaps"in
minden
every
senseoftheterm.
És
And
tospeakinallseriousness,I
látom
see
suchnewphilosophersbeginningtoappear.
3.
Havingkeptasharpeyeonphilosophers,
és
and
havingreadbetweentheirlines
sokáig
long
enough,Inowsaytomyselfthatthegreaterpartofconsciousthinking
kell
must
becountedamongtheinstinctivefunctions,
és
and
itissoeveninthecaseofphilosophicalthinking;
onehas
itt
here
tolearnanew,asone
tanulni
learned
anewaboutheredityand"innateness."
Aslittleastheactofbirthcomesintoconsiderationinthe
egész
whole
processandprocedureofheredity,justaslittleis"being-conscious"OPPOSEDtotheinstinctivein
bármilyen
any
decisivesense;
thegreaterpartoftheconsciousthinkingofaphilosopherissecretlyinfluencedbyhisinstincts,
és
and
forcedintodefinitechannels.
És
And
behindalllogicanditsseemingsovereigntyofmovement,therearevaluations,
vagy
or
tospeakmoreplainly,physiologicaldemands,forthemaintenanceof
egy
a
definitemodeoflifeForexample,thatthecertainisworth
többet
more
thantheuncertain,thatillusionislessvaluablethan"truth"suchvaluations,inspiteoftheirregulativeimportanceforUS,mightnotwithstandingbeonlysuperficialvaluations,specialkindsofniaiserie,suchasmaybenecessaryforthemaintenanceofbeingssuchasourselves.
Supposing,ineffect,
hogy
that
manisnotjustthe"measureofthings."
4.
Thefalsenessof
egy
an
opinionisnotforusanyobjectiontoit:
itis
itt
here
,perhaps,thatournewlanguagesoundsmoststrangely.
The
kérdés
question
is,howfaranopinionislife-furthering,life-preserving,species-preserving,
talán
perhaps
species-rearing,andwearefundamentallyinclinedtomaintainthatthefalsestopinions(towhichthesyntheticjudgmentsaprioribelong),arethe
leginkább
most
indispensabletous,that
nélkül
without
arecognitionoflogicalfictions,
nélkül
without
acomparisonofrealitywiththepurelyIMAGINED
világ
world
oftheabsoluteandimmutable,
nélkül
without
aconstantcounterfeitingofthe
világ
world
bymeansofnumbers,
ember
man
couldnotlive—thattherenunciationoffalseopinionswouldbearenunciationof
élet
life
,anegationoflife.
TORECOGNISEUNTRUTHASACONDITIONOF
Élet
LIFE
;
thatiscertainlytoimpugnthetraditionalideasofvaluein
egy
a
dangerousmanner,andaphilosophywhichventurestodoso,hasthereby
egyedül
alone
placeditselfbeyondgood
és
and
evil.
5.
Thatwhichcausesphilosopherstoberegardedhalf-distrustfully
és
and
half-mockingly,isnottheoft-repeateddiscovery
milyen
how
innocenttheyare—howoften
és
and
easilytheymakemistakes
és
and
losetheirway,inshort,
milyen
how
childishandchildliketheyare,—butthat
nem
there
isnotenoughhonestdealingwith
rájuk
them
,whereastheyallraisealoud
és
and
virtuousoutcrywhentheproblemoftruthfulnessisevenhintedatintheremotestmanner.
Theyallposeasthoughtheir
valódi
real
opinionshadbeendiscovered
és
and
attainedthroughtheself-evolvingof
egy
a
cold,pure,divinelyindifferentdialectic(incontrasttoallsortsofmystics,
akik
who
,fairerandfoolisher,talkof"inspiration"),whereas,in
valójában
fact
,aprejudicedproposition,idea,
vagy
or
"suggestion,"whichisgenerallytheirheart'sdesireabstracted
és
and
refined,isdefendedbythemwithargumentssoughtout
után
after
theevent.
Theyarealladvocates
akik
who
donotwishtoberegardedas
olyan
such
,generallyastutedefenders,also,oftheirprejudices,
amely
which
theydub"truths,"—andVERY
messze
far
fromhavingtheconscience
amely
which
bravelyadmitsthistoitself,
nagyon
very
farfromhavingthe
good
tasteofthecourage
amely
which
goessofarastolet
ezt
this
beunderstood,perhapstowarnfriend
vagy
or
foe,orincheerfulconfidence
és
and
self-ridicule.
ThespectacleoftheTartufferyof
régi
old
Kant,equallystiffanddecent,withwhichheenticesusintothedialecticby-waysthatlead(morecorrectlymislead)tohis"categoricalimperative"—makesusfastidiousonessmile,we
akik
who
findnosmallamusementinspyingoutthesubtletricksof
régi
old
moralistsandethicalpreachers.
Vagy
Or
,stillmoreso,thehocus-pocusinmathematicalform,bymeansofwhichSpinoza
vagy
has
,asitwere,cladhisphilosophyinmail
és
and
mask—infact,the"loveofHISwisdom,"totranslatethetermfairly
és
and
squarely—inordertherebytostriketerroratonceintotheheartoftheassailant
aki
who
shoulddaretocast
egy
a
glanceonthatinvinciblemaiden,thatPallasAthene:—howmuchofpersonaltimidity
és
and
vulnerabilitydoesthismasqueradeof
egy
a
sicklyreclusebetray!
6.
Ithasgradually
vált
become
cleartomewhat
minden
every
greatphilosophyuptillnowhasconsistedof—namely,theconfessionofitsoriginator,
és
and
aspeciesofinvoluntary
és
and
unconsciousauto-biography;
andmoreoverthat
az
the
moral(orimmoral)purposein
minden
every
philosophyhasconstitutedthetruevitalgermoutofwhich
az
the
entireplanthasalwaysgrown.
Indeed,tounderstand
hogyan
how
theabstrusestmetaphysicalassertionsof
egy
a
philosopherhavebeenarrivedat,itis
mindig
always
well(andwise)to
először
first
askoneself:
"Whatmoralitydothey(ordoeshe)aimat?"
Accordingly,Idonot
hiszem
believe
thatan"impulsetoknowledge"isthefatherofphilosophy;
de
but
thatanotherimpulse,hereaselsewhere,has
csak
only
madeuseofknowledge(andmistakenknowledge!)
as
egy
an
instrument.
Butwhoeverconsidersthefundamentalimpulsesof
ember
man
withaviewtodetermining
milyen
how
fartheymayhave
itt
here
actedasINSPIRINGGENII
Vagy
(or
asdemonsandcobolds),will
találja
find
thattheyhaveallpracticedphilosophyatonetime
vagy
or
another,andthateachoneofthemwould
volna
have
beenonlytoogladtolookuponitselfastheultimateendofexistence
és
and
thelegitimateLORDoverallthe
más
other
impulses.
Foreveryimpulseisimperious,
és
and
asSUCH,attemptstophilosophize.
Tobesure,inthecaseofscholars,inthecaseof
igazán
really
scientificmen,itmaybeotherwise—"better,"
ha
if
youwill;
theretheremay
valóban
really
besuchathingasan"impulsetoknowledge,"somekindof
kis
small
,independentclock-work,which,when
jól
well
woundup,worksawayindustriouslyto
amely
that
end,WITHOUTtherestofthescholarlyimpulsestaking
bármilyen
any
materialparttherein.
Theactual"interests"ofthescholar,therefore,aregenerallyinquiteanotherdirection—inthefamily,
talán
perhaps
,orinmoney-making,orinpolitics;
itis,in
valójában
fact
,almostindifferentatwhatpointofresearchhis
kis
little
machineisplaced,andwhetherthehopeful
fiatal
young
workerbecomesagoodphilologist,amushroomspecialist,
vagy
or
achemist;
heisnotCHARACTERISEDby
lesz
becoming
thisorthat.
Inthephilosopher,onthecontrary,thereisabsolutelynothingimpersonal;
és
and
aboveall,hismoralityfurnishesadecided
és
and
decisivetestimonyasto
Ki
WHO
HEIS,—thatistosay,inwhat
sorrendben
order
thedeepestimpulsesofhisnaturestandtoeachother.
7.
Milyen
How
maliciousphilosopherscanbe!
Iknowof
semmi
nothing
morestingingthanthejokeEpicurustookthelibertyof
csinált
making
onPlatoandthePlatonists;
hecalledthemDionysiokolakes.
Initsoriginalsense,
és
and
onthefaceofit,the
szó
word
signifies"FlatterersofDionysius"—consequently,tyrants'accessories
és
and
lick-spittles;
besidesthis,however,itisasmuchastosay,"TheyareallACTORS,thereis
semmi
nothing
genuineaboutthem"(forDionysiokolaxwasapopular
név
name
foranactor).
Andthelatterisreallythemalignantreproach
amit
that
EpicuruscastuponPlato:
hewasannoyedbythegrandiosemanner,themiseenscenestyleofwhichPlato
és
and
hisscholarsweremasters—ofwhichEpicuruswasnota
mester
master
!
He,theoldschool-teacherofSamos,who
ült
sat
concealedinhislittlegardenatAthens,
és
and
wrotethreehundredbooks,
talán
perhaps
outofrageandambitiousenvyofPlato,who
tudja
knows
!
Greecetookahundredyearstofindoutwho
a
the
garden-godEpicurusreallywas.
Didsheeverfindout?
8.
Thereis
egy
a
pointineveryphilosophyatwhichthe"conviction"ofthephilosopherappearsonthescene;
vagy
or
,toputitinthewordsof
egy
an
ancientmystery:.
Adventavitasinus,Pulcheretfortissimus.
9.
Youdesireto
Élni
LIVE
"accordingtoNature"?
Oh,younobleStoics,whatfraudofwords!
Imaginetoyourselves
egy
a
beinglikeNature,boundlesslyextravagant,boundlesslyindifferent,
nélkül
without
purposeorconsideration,withoutpity
vagy
or
justice,atoncefruitful
és
and
barrenanduncertain:
imaginetoyourselvesINDIFFERENCEas
egy
a
power—howCOULDyouliveinaccordancewith
ilyen
such
indifference?
Tolive—isnotthat
csak
just
endeavouringtobeotherwise
mint
than
thisNature?
Isnotlivingvaluing,preferring,beingunjust,beinglimited,endeavouringtobedifferent?
És
And
grantedthatyourimperative,"livingaccordingtoNature,"
jelenti
means
actuallythesameas"livingaccordingtolife"—howcouldyoudoDIFFERENTLY?
Miért
Why
shouldyoumakeaprincipleoutofwhatyouyourselvesare,
és
and
mustbe?
Inreality,however,itisquiteotherwisewithyou:
míg
while
youpretendtoreadwithrapturethecanonofyourlawinNature,you
akartok
want
somethingquitethecontrary,youextraordinarystage-players
és
and
self-deluders!
Inyourprideyouwishtodictateyourmorals
és
and
idealstoNature,toNatureherself,
és
and
toincorporatethemtherein;
youinsistthatitshallbeNature"accordingtotheStoa,"
és
and
wouldlikeeverythingtobemadeafteryour
saját
own
image,asavast,eternalglorification
és
and
generalismofStoicism!
Withallyourlovefor
igazság
truth
,youhaveforcedyourselvesso
sokáig
long
,sopersistently,andwith
olyan
such
hypnoticrigiditytoseeNatureFALSELY,thatistosay,Stoically,thatyouare
nem
no
longerabletoseeitotherwise—andtocrownall,someunfathomablesuperciliousnessgivesyoutheBedlamitehopethatBECAUSEyouareabletotyrannizeoveryourselves—Stoicismisself-tyranny—Naturewillalsoallowherselftobetyrannizedover:
isnottheStoica
Része
PART
ofNature?...
Butthisis
egy
an
oldandeverlastingstory:
what
történt
happened
inoldtimeswiththeStoics
még
still
happenstoday,assoonasever
egy
a
philosophybeginstobelieveinitself.
It
mindig
always
createstheworldinits
saját
own
image;
itcannotdootherwise;
philosophyis
ez
this
tyrannicalimpulseitself,themostspiritual
Akarat
Will
toPower,thewillto"creationoftheworld,"the
akarat
will
tothecausaprima.
10.
Theeagerness
és
and
subtlety,Ishouldevensaycraftiness,withwhichtheproblemof"thereal
és
and
theapparentworld"isdealtwithatpresentthroughoutEurope,furnishesfoodforthought
és
and
attention;
andhewhohears
csak
only
a"WilltoTruth"inthebackground,
és
and
nothingelse,cannotcertainlyboastofthesharpestears.
Inrare
és
and
isolatedcases,itmay
tényleg
really
havehappenedthatsuch
egy
a
WilltoTruth—acertainextravagant
és
and
adventurouspluck,ametaphysician'sambitionoftheforlornhope—hasparticipatedtherein:
that
ami
which
intheendalwaysprefers
egy
a
handfulof"certainty"to
egy
a
wholecartloadofbeautifulpossibilities;
theremayevenbepuritanicalfanaticsofconscience,
akik
who
prefertoputtheir
utolsó
last
trustinasurenothing,rather
mint
than
inanuncertainsomething.
De
But
thatisNihilism,andthe
jele
sign
ofadespairing,mortallyweariedsoul,notwithstandingthecourageousbearing
ilyen
such
avirtuemaydisplay.
Itseems,however,tobeotherwisewithstronger
és
and
livelierthinkerswhoarestilleagerforlife.
Inthattheyside
Ellen
AGAINST
appearance,andspeaksuperciliouslyof"perspective,"inthattheyrankthecredibilityoftheir
saját
own
bodiesaboutaslowasthecredibilityoftheocularevidencethat"the
föld
earth
standsstill,"andthus,apparently,allowingwithcomplacencytheirsecurestpossessiontoescape(forwhatdoesoneatpresentbelieveinmorefirmlythaninone'sbody?),—who
tudja
knows
iftheyarenot
tényleg
really
tryingtowinback
valami
something
whichwasformerlyanevensecurerpossession,
valami
something
oftheolddomainofthefaithofformertimes,
talán
perhaps
the"immortalsoul,"perhaps"the
régi
old
God,"inshort,ideasby
ami
which
theycouldlivebetter,thatistosay,morevigorously
és
and
morejoyously,thanby"modernideas"?
ThereisDISTRUSTofthesemodernideasinthismodeoflookingatthings,adisbeliefinall
hogy
that
hasbeenconstructedyesterday
és
and
today;
thereisperhaps
némi
some
slightadmixtureofsatiety
és
and
scorn,whichcannolongerenduretheBRIC-A-BRACofideasofthemostvariedorigin,suchasso-calledPositivismatpresentthrowsonthemarket;
egy
a
disgustofthemorerefinedtasteatthevillage-fairmotleyness
és
and
patchinessofallthesereality-philosophasters,inwhomthereis
semmi
nothing
eithernewortrue,except
ezt
this
motleyness.
Thereinitseemstomethatwe
kell
should
agreewiththoseskepticalanti-realists
és
and
knowledge-microscopistsofthepresentday;
theirinstinct,
ami
which
repelsthemfromMODERNreality,isunrefuted...
whatdotheirretrogradeby-pathsconcern
minket
us
!
ThemainthingaboutthemisNOTthattheywishto
menni
go
"back,"butthattheywishtoget
El
AWAY
therefrom.
AlittleMOREstrength,swing,courage,
és
and
artisticpower,andtheywouldbeOFF—andnot
vissza
back
!
11.
Itseemstome
amit
that
thereiseverywhereanattemptatpresenttodivertattentionfromtheactualinfluencewhichKantexercisedonGermanphilosophy,
és
and
especiallytoignoreprudentlythevaluewhichhesetuponhimself.
KantwasfirstandforemostproudofhisTableofCategories;
withitinhishandhe
mondta
said
:
"Thisisthemostdifficult
dolog
thing
thatcouldeverbeundertakenonbehalfofmetaphysics."
Letus
csak
only
understandthis"couldbe"!
Hewasproudof
volt
having
DISCOVEREDanewfacultyinman,thefacultyofsyntheticjudgment
egy
a
priori.
Grantingthathedeceivedhimselfinthismatter;
thedevelopment
és
and
rapidflourishingofGermanphilosophydependedneverthelessonhispride,
és
and
ontheeagerrivalryoftheyoungergenerationtodiscover
ha
if
possiblesomething—atallevents"newfaculties"—ofwhichtobe
még
still
prouder!—Butletusreflectforamoment—itishightimetodoso.
"HowaresyntheticjudgmentsaprioriPOSSIBLE?"
Kantaskshimself—andwhatisreallyhisanswer?
"BYMEANSOFAMEANS(faculty)"—butunfortunatelynotin
öt
five
words,butsocircumstantially,imposingly,
és
and
withsuchdisplayofGermanprofundity
és
and
verbalflourishes,thatonealtogether
elveszíti
loses
sightofthecomicalniaiserieallemandeinvolvedinsuchananswer.
Emberek
People
werebesidethemselveswithdelightoverthis
új
new
faculty,andthejubilationreacheditsclimax
amikor
when
Kantfurtherdiscoveredamoralfacultyinman—foratthat
időben
time
Germanswerestillmoral,notyetdabblinginthe"Politicsofhardfact."
Then
jött
came
thehoneymoonofGermanphilosophy.
Összes
All
theyoungtheologiansoftheTubingeninstitution
ment
went
immediatelyintothegroves—allseekingfor"faculties."
És
And
whatdidtheynotfind—inthatinnocent,rich,
és
and
stillyouthfulperiodoftheGermanspirit,towhichRomanticism,themaliciousfairy,piped
és
and
sang,whenonecouldnotyetdistinguishbetween"finding"
és
and
"inventing"!
Aboveallafacultyforthe"transcendental";
Schellingchristenedit,intellectualintuition,
és
and
therebygratifiedthemostearnestlongingsofthenaturallypious-inclinedGermans.
Onecando
nem
no
greaterwrongtothe
egész
whole
ofthisexuberantandeccentricmovement(whichwasreallyyouthfulness,notwithstandingthatitdisguiseditselfsoboldly,inhoary
és
and
senileconceptions),thantotakeitseriously,
vagy
or
eventreatitwithmoralindignation.
Elég
Enough
,however—theworldgrewolder,
és
and
thedreamvanished.
A
idő
time
camewhenpeoplerubbedtheirforeheads,
és
and
theystillrubthem
ma
today
.
Peoplehadbeendreaming,
és
and
firstandforemost—oldKant.
"Bymeansofameans(faculty)"—he
vagy
had
said,oratleastmeantto
mondani
say
.
But,isthat—ananswer?
Egy
An
explanation?
Orisitnotrathermerelyarepetitionofthe
kérdés
question
?
Howdoesopiuminducesleep?
"Bymeansofameans(faculty),"namelythevirtusdormitiva,repliesthe
orvos
doctor
inMoliere,.
Butsuchrepliesbelongtotherealmofcomedy,
és
and
itishightimetoreplacetheKantianquestion,"HowaresyntheticjudgmentsaPRIORIpossible?"
by
másik
another
question,"Whyisbeliefin
ilyen
such
judgmentsnecessary?"—ineffect,itishigh
ideje
time
thatweshouldunderstandthat
ilyen
such
judgmentsmustbebelievedtobetrue,forthesakeofthepreservationofcreatureslikeourselves;
bár
though
theystillmightnaturallybefalsejudgments!
Vagy
Or
,moreplainlyspoken,androughly
és
and
readily—syntheticjudgmentsapriorishouldnot"bepossible"atall;
wehave
nincs
no
righttothem;
inourmouthstheyarenothingbutfalsejudgments.
Csak
Only
,ofcourse,thebeliefintheirtruthisnecessary,asplausiblebelief
és
and
ocularevidencebelongingtotheperspectiveviewof
élet
life
.
Andfinally,tocalltomindtheenormousinfluencewhich"Germanphilosophy"—I
remélem
hope
youunderstanditsrighttoinvertedcommas(goosefeet)?—hasexercisedthroughoutthe
egész
whole
ofEurope,thereisnodoubtthat
egy
a
certainVIRTUSDORMITIVAhad
egy
a
shareinit;
thankstoGermanphilosophy,itwasadelighttothenobleidlers,thevirtuous,themystics,theartiste,thethree-fourthsChristians,
és
and
thepoliticalobscurantistsof
minden
all
nations,tofindanantidotetothestilloverwhelmingsensualism
amely
which
overflowedfromthelastcenturyintothis,inshort—"sensusassoupire."...