THEPREFACE
Theartistis
de
thecreatorofbeautifulthings.To
onthullen
revealartandconcealthekunstenaar
artistisart’saim.The
criticus
criticishewhocanvertalen
translateintoanothermanneroreen
anewmaterialhisimpressionofmooie
beautifulthings.Thehighestas
de
thelowestformofcriticismiseen
amodeofautobiography.Thosewho
vinden
finduglymeaningsinbeautifulthingsarecorrupt
corruptwithoutbeingcharming.Thisis
een
afault.Thosewhofind
mooie
beautifulmeaningsinbeautifulthingsarede
thecultivated.Forthesethereis
hoop
hope.Theyaretheelecttowhom
mooie
beautifulthingsmeanonlybeauty.Er
Thereisnosuchthingasamoreel
moraloranimmoralbook.Boeken
Booksarewellwritten,orslecht
badlywritten.Thatisall.
De
Thenineteenthcenturydislikeofrealismisde
therageofCalibanseeinghiseigen
ownfaceinaglass.De
Thenineteenthcenturydislikeofromanticismisde
therageofCalibannotziet
seeinghisownfaceineen
aglass.Themorallifeof
mens
manformspartofthesubject-matterofthekunstenaar
artist,butthemoralityofkunst
artconsistsintheperfectgebruik
useofanimperfectmedium.Geen
Noartistdesirestoproveiets
anything.Eventhingsthatare
waar
truecanbeproved.No
kunstenaar
artisthasethicalsympathies.An
ethische
ethicalsympathyinanartistiseen
anunpardonablemannerismofstyle.Geen
Noartistisevermorbid.De
Theartistcanexpresseverything.Thought
en
andlanguagearetothekunstenaar
artistinstrumentsofanart.Ondeugd
Viceandvirtuearetode
theartistmaterialsforankunst
art.Fromthepointofviewof
vorm
form,thetypeofalltheartsisthekunst
artofthemusician.Fromthepointofviewof
gevoel
feeling,theactor’scraftisthetype
type.Allartisatonce
oppervlak
surfaceandsymbol.Thosewho
gaan
gobeneaththesurfacedosoattheirperil.Thosewho
lezen
readthesymboldosoattheirperil.Itisthespectator,
en
andnotlife,thatartecht
reallymirrors.Diversityofopinion
over
aboutaworkofarttoont
showsthattheworkisnieuw
new,complex,andvital.Whencriticsdisagree,the
kunstenaar
artistisinaccordwithhimself.We
kunnen
canforgiveamanforgemaakt
makingausefulthingaslongashedoesnotbewondert
admireit.Theonlyexcusefor
maken
makingauselessthingisdat
thatoneadmiresitintensely.Alle
Allartisquiteuseless.Hoofdstuk
CHAPTERI.Thestudiowas
gevuld
filledwiththerichodourofroses,en
andwhenthelightsummerwindroerde
stirredamidstthetreesofthetuin
garden,therecamethroughtheopen
opendoortheheavyscentofthelilac,of
orthemoredelicateperfumeofthepink-floweringdoorn
thorn.Fromthecornerof
de
thedivanofPersiansaddle-bagsonwhichhewaslag
lying,smoking,aswashiscustom,innumerablecigarettes,LordHenryWottonkon
couldjustcatchthegleamofde
thehoney-sweetandhoney-colouredblossomsofeen
alaburnum,whosetremulousbranchesleek
seemedhardlyabletobearde
theburdenofabeautysoflamelikeastheirs;en
andnowandthenthefantastische
fantasticshadowsofbirdsinflightflittedover
acrossthelongtussore-silkcurtainsthatwerestretchedinfrontoftheenorme
hugewindow,producingakindofmomentaryJapaneseeffect
effect,andmakinghimthinkofthosepallid,jade-facedpaintersofTokyowho,throughthemediumofankunst
artthatisnecessarilyimmobile,proberen
seektoconveythesenseofswiftnessen
andmotion.Thesullenmurmurofthebeesshoulderingtheir
weg
waythroughthelongunmowngras
grass,orcirclingwithmonotonousinsistencerond
roundthedustygilthornsofthestragglingwoodbine,leek
seemedtomakethestillnessmeer
moreoppressive.ThedimroarofLondonwas
als
likethebourdonnoteofeen
adistantorgan.Inthecentreofthe
kamer
room,clampedtoanuprighteasel,stond
stoodthefull-lengthportraitofajonge
youngmanofextraordinarypersonalschoonheid
beauty,andinfrontofit,enkele
somelittledistanceaway,waszat
sittingtheartisthimself,BasilHallward,wiens
whosesuddendisappearancesomeyearsgeleden
agocaused,atthetime,suchpublieke
publicexcitementandgaverisetosoveel
manystrangeconjectures.Asthe
schilder
painterlookedatthegraciousen
andcomelyformhehadsoskilfullymirroredinhiskunst
art,asmileofpleasurepassedacrosshisgezicht
face,andseemedabouttolingerdaar
there.Buthesuddenlystartedup,
en
andclosinghiseyes,placedhisfingersuponthelids,asthoughheprobeerde
soughttoimprisonwithinhishersenen
brainsomecuriousdreamfromwhichhevreesde
fearedhemightawake.“Itisyour
beste
bestwork,Basil,thebestwat
thingyouhaveeverdone,”zei
saidLordHenrylanguidly.“You
moet
mustcertainlysenditnextjaar
yeartotheGrosvenor.The
Academie
Academyistoolargeandte
toovulgar.WheneverIhavegonethere,there
heb
havebeeneithersomanymensen
peoplethatIhavenotbeenkunnen
abletoseethepictures,whichwasverschrikkelijk
dreadful,orsomanypicturesdat
thatIhavenotbeenkunnen
abletoseethepeople,whichwaserger
worse.TheGrosvenorisreally
de
theonlyplace.”“Idon’t
denk
thinkIshallsenditanywhere,”heanswered,gooien
tossinghisheadbackinthatoddmanier
waythatusedtomakehisfriendslachen
laughathimatOxford.“No,Iwon’t
sturen
senditanywhere.”LordHenryelevatedhiseyebrows
en
andlookedathiminamazementdoor
throughthethinbluewreathsofrook
smokethatcurledupinzulke
suchfancifulwhorlsfromhiszware
heavy,opium-taintedcigarette.“Notsendit
nergens
anywhere?Mydearfellow,why?
Heb
Haveyouanyreason?What
vreemd
oddchapsyoupaintersare!You
doet
doanythingintheworldtokrijgen
gainareputation.Assoonasyou
hebt
haveone,youseemtowil
wanttothrowitaway.Itissillyofyou,for
er
thereisonlyonethinginthewereld
worldworsethanbeingtalkedover
about,andthatisnotbeinggesproken
talkedabout.Aportraitlike
dit
thiswouldsetyoufarboven
abovealltheyoungmeninEngland,en
andmaketheoldmenheel
quitejealous,ifoldmenareeverin staat
capableofanyemotion.”“I
weet
knowyouwilllaughatme,”heantwoordde
replied,“butIreallycan’texhibithet
it.Ihaveputtoo
veel
muchofmyselfintoit.”LordHenry
strekte
stretchedhimselfoutonthedivanen
andlaughed.“Yes,Iknewyouwould;
maar
butitisquitetrue,allthesame.”“Too
veel
muchofyourselfinit!Uponmy
woord
word,Basil,Ididn’tknowyouweresoijdel
vain;andIreallycan’t
zien
seeanyresemblancebetweenyou,met
withyourruggedstrongfaceen
andyourcoal-blackhair,anddeze
thisyoungAdonis,wholooksasifhewasgemaakt
madeoutofivoryandrose-leaves.Waarom
Why,mydearBasil,heisaNarcissus,en
andyou—well,ofcourseyouheb
haveanintellectualexpressionandallthat.Maar
Butbeauty,realbeauty,endswaar
whereanintellectualexpressionbegins.Intellect
Intellectisinitselfamodeofexaggeration,en
anddestroystheharmonyofanygezicht
face.Themomentonesitsdownto
denken
think,onebecomesallnose,of
orallforehead,orsomethinghorrid.Kijk
Lookatthesuccessfulmeninelk
anyofthelearnedprofessions.Howperfectly
afschuwelijk
hideoustheyare!Except,of
natuurlijk
course,intheChurch.Butthenin
de
theChurchtheydon’tthink.Een
Abishopkeepsonsayingattheleeftijd
ageofeightywhathewastoldtozeggen
saywhenhewasajongen
boyofeighteen,andaseen
anaturalconsequencehealwayslooksabsoluut
absolutelydelightful.Yourmysteriousyoung
vriend
friend,whosenameyouhavenooit
nevertoldme,butwhosefoto
picturereallyfascinatesme,neverdenkt
thinks.Ifeelquitesureofthat.
Heissomebrainless
mooi
beautifulcreaturewhoshouldbealtijd
alwayshereinwinterwhenwehebben
havenoflowerstolookat,en
andalwayshereinsummerals
whenwewantsomethingtokoelen
chillourintelligence.Don’tflatteryourself,Basil:
youarenotin
het
theleastlikehim.”“Youdon’t
begrijpt
understandme,Harry,”answeredthekunstenaar
artist.“OfcourseIamnot
zoals
likehim.Iknowthatperfectly
goed
well.Indeed,Ishouldbesorrytolooklike
hem
him.Youshrugyourshoulders?
Iam
zeg
tellingyouthetruth.Thereis
een
afatalityaboutallphysicalen
andintellectualdistinction,thesortoffatalitydat
thatseemstodogthroughgeschiedenis
historythefalteringstepsofkings.Itis
beter
betternottobedifferentfromone’sfellows.Theugly
en
andthestupidhavethebeste
bestofitinthiswereld
world.Theycansitattheir
gemak
easeandgapeatthetoneelstuk
play.Iftheyknownothingof
overwinning
victory,theyareatleastgespaard
sparedtheknowledgeofdefeat.They
leven
liveasweallshouldlive—undisturbed,onverschillig
indifferent,andwithoutdisquiet.Theyneither
brengen
bringruinuponothers,noreverontvangen
receiveitfromalienhands.Your
rang
rankandwealth,Harry;mybrains,suchastheyare—my
kunst
art,whateveritmaybewaard
worth;DorianGray’sgoodlooks—weshallall
lijden
sufferforwhatthegodshebben
havegivenus,sufferterribly.”“DorianGray?
Is
dat
thathisname?”askedLordHenry,
loopt
walkingacrossthestudiotowardsBasilHallward.“Yes,
dat
thatishisname.Ididn’t
plan
intendtotellittoyou.”“But
waarom
whynot?”“Oh,Ican’t
uitleggen
explain.WhenIlikepeopleimmensely,I
nooit
nevertelltheirnamestoanyone.Itislikesurrendering
een
apartofthem.Ihavegrowntolovesecrecy.
It
lijkt
seemstobetheonethingdat
thatcanmakemodernlifemysterieus
mysteriousormarvelloustous.Thecommonest
ding
thingisdelightfulifonealleen
onlyhidesit.WhenI
verlaat
leavetownnowIneververtel
tellmypeoplewhereIamga
going.IfIdid,I
zou
wouldloseallmypleasure.Itis
een
asillyhabit,Idarezeggen
say,butsomehowitseemstobrengen
bringagreatdealofromantiek
romanceintoone’slife.I
veronderstel
supposeyouthinkmeawfullydwaas
foolishaboutit?”“Notatall,”answeredLordHenry,“notatall,my
beste
dearBasil.Youseemto
vergeten
forgetthatIammarried,en
andtheonecharmofhuwelijk
marriageisthatitmakesaleven
lifeofdeceptionabsolutelynecessaryforbothparties.I
nooit
neverknowwheremywifeis
is,andmywifeneverweet
knowswhatIamdoing.Als
Whenwemeet—wedomeetaf en toe
occasionally,whenwedineouttogether,of
orgodowntotheDuke’s—wevertellen
telleachotherthemostabsurdstoriesmet
withthemostseriousfaces.My
vrouw
wifeisverygoodatit—muchbeter
better,infact,thanIam.She
nooit
nevergetsconfusedoverherdates,en
andIalwaysdo.But
als
whenshedoesfindmeout,shemaakt
makesnorowatall.I
soms
sometimeswishshewould;butshe
alleen
merelylaughsatme.”“I
haat
hatethewayyoutalkover
aboutyourmarriedlife,Harry,”zei
saidBasilHallward,strollingtowardsde
thedoorthatledintode
thegarden.“Ibelievethatyouare
echt
reallyaverygoodhusband,maar
butthatyouarethoroughlyashamedofyoureigen
ownvirtues.Youarean
buitengewone
extraordinaryfellow.Youneversayamoralthing,
en
andyouneverdoawrongthing.Yourcynicismis
gewoon
simplyapose.”“Beingnaturalis
gewoon
simplyapose,andthemeest
mostirritatingposeIknow,”criedLordHenry,lachend
laughing;andthetwoyoungmen
gingen
wentoutintothegardensamen
togetherandensconcedthemselvesoneen
alongbambooseatthatstond
stoodintheshadeofeen
atalllaurelbush.Thesunlight
gleed
slippedoverthepolishedleaves.In
het
thegrass,whitedaisiesweretremulous.Na
Afterapause,LordHenrytrok
pulledouthiswatch.“Iam
bang
afraidImustbegoing,Basil,”hemurmured,“andvoordat
beforeIgo,Iinsistonyourbeantwoordt
answeringaquestionIputtoyousometimeago.”“Whatisthat?”
zei
saidthepainter,keepinghiseyesfixedonde
theground.“Youknowquitewell.”
“Idonot,Harry.”
“Well,I
zal
willtellyouwhatitis
is.Iwantyoutoexplaintome
waarom
whyyouwon’texhibitDorianGray’spicture.I
wil
wanttherealreason.”“I
verteld
toldyoutherealreason.”“No,youdidnot.
You
zei
saiditwasbecausetherewaste
toomuchofyourselfinhet
it.Now,thatischildish.”
“Harry,”
zei
saidBasilHallward,lookinghimstraightinthegezicht
face,“everyportraitthatisgeschilderd
paintedwithfeelingisaportret
portraitoftheartist,notofthesitter.Thesitterismerelythe
ongeluk
accident,theoccasion.Itisnothe
die
whoisrevealedbytheschilder
painter;itisratherthe
schilder
painterwho,onthecoloureddoek
canvas,revealshimself.ThereasonI
zal
willnotexhibitthispictureisdat
thatIamafraidthatIheb
haveshowninitthegeheim
secretofmyownsoul.”LordHenry
lachte
laughed.“Andwhatisthat?”
he
vroeg
asked.“Iwilltellyou,”
zei
saidHallward;butanexpressionofperplexity
kwam
cameoverhisface.“Iam
alle
allexpectation,Basil,”continuedhismetgezel
companion,glancingathim.“Oh,
er
thereisreallyverylittletovertellen
tell,Harry,”answeredthepainter;“andIam
bang
afraidyouwillhardlyunderstandhet
it.Perhapsyouwillhardly
geloof
believeit.”LordHenrysmiled,
en
andleaningdown,pluckedapink-petalleddaisy
daisyfromthegrassandonderzocht
examinedit.“Iamquite
zeker
sureIshallunderstandit,”heantwoordde
replied,gazingintentlyatthekleine
littlegolden,white-feathereddisk,“andasforgeloven
believingthings,Icanbelievealles
anything,providedthatitisheel
quiteincredible.”Thewindshook
enkele
someblossomsfromthetrees,en
andtheheavylilac-blooms,withtheirclusteringstars,verplaatst
movedtoandfroinde
thelanguidair.Agrasshopper
begon
begantochirrupbythemuur
wall,andlikeabluedraad
threadalongthindragon-flyzweefde
floatedpastonitsbrowngauzewings.LordHenry
voelde
feltasifhecouldhoren
hearBasilHallward’sheartbeating,en
andwonderedwhatwascoming.“The
verhaal
storyissimplythis,”saidde
thepainteraftersometime.“Twomonths
geleden
agoIwenttoacrushatLady
LadyBrandon’s.Youknowwe
arme
poorartistshavetoshowourselvesinsamenleving
societyfromtimetotime,justtoherinneren
remindthepublicthatwearenotsavages.Met
Withaneveningcoatandawitte
whitetie,asyoutoldmeonce,iedereen
anybody,evenastock-broker,cangainareputatie
reputationforbeingcivilized.Well,
nadat
afterIhadbeeninde
theroomabouttenminutes,praten
talkingtohugeoverdresseddowagersen
andtediousacademicians,Isuddenlywerd
becameconsciousthatsomeonewaskeek
lookingatme.Iturned
halverwege
half-wayroundandsawDorianGrayforhet
thefirsttime.Whenoureyes
ontmoetten
met,IfeltthatIwasgrowingbleek
pale.Acurioussensationof
verschrikking
terrorcameoverme.I
wist
knewthatIhadcomefacetofacemet
withsomeonewhosemerepersoonlijkheid
personalitywassofascinatingthat,als
ifIallowedittodoso,itzou
wouldabsorbmywholenature,myhele
wholesoul,myveryartitself.Ididnot
wilde
wantanyexternalinfluenceinmyleven
life.Youknowyourself,Harry,
hoe
howindependentIambynature.Ihave
altijd
alwaysbeenmyownmaster;hadatleast
altijd
alwaysbeenso,tillIontmoette
metDorianGray.Then—butIdon’t
weet
knowhowtoexplainittoyou.Iets
Somethingseemedtotellmedat
thatIwasontherand
vergeofaterriblecrisisinmyleven
life.Ihadastrange
gevoel
feelingthatfatehadinstoreformeexquisitejoysen
andexquisitesorrows.Igrew
bang
afraidandturnedtoquitde
theroom.Itwasnot
geweten
consciencethatmademedoso:itwas
een
asortofcowardice.I
neem
takenocredittomyselfforproberen
tryingtoescape.”“Conscienceand
lafheid
cowardicearereallythesamethings,Basil.Geweten
Conscienceisthetrade-nameofthebedrijf
firm.Thatisall.”
“Idon’t
geloof
believethat,Harry,andIdon’tgeloof
believeyoudoeither.However,
wat
whateverwasmymotive—anditkan
mayhavebeenpride,forIusedtobeerg
veryproud—Icertainlystruggledtothedeur
door.There,ofcourse,I
struikelde
stumbledagainstLadyBrandon.‘Youarenot
gaat
goingtorunawaysosnel
soon,Mr.Hallward?’shescreamedout.You
ken
knowhercuriouslyshrillvoice?”“Yes;
sheis
een
apeacockineverythingbutbeauty,”zei
saidLordHenry,pullingthedaisytobitsmet
withhislongnervousfingers.“I
kon
couldnotgetridofher.She
bracht
broughtmeuptoroyalties,en
andpeoplewithstarsandgarters,en
andelderlyladieswithgigantictiarasen
andparrotnoses.Shespokeofmeasherdearestfriend.
I
had
hadonlymetheroncebefore,maar
butshetookitintoherhoofd
headtolionizeme.I
geloof
believesomepictureofminehad
hadmadeagreatsuccessatde
thetime,atleasthadbeenchatteredover
aboutinthepennynewspapers,whichisde
thenineteenth-centurystandardofimmortality.Plotseling
SuddenlyIfoundmyselffacetofacemet
withtheyoungmanwhosepersoonlijkheid
personalityhadsostrangelystirredmij
me.