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Beyond Good and Evil | Progressive Translation Books for Danish A1-B2 Learners

Beyond Good and Evil | Progressive Translation Books for Danish A1-B2 Learners

Experience the benefits of this forward-thinking translation strategy that tailors language learning to your specific needs. You have control over the difficulty, which ensures that the content is neither too easy nor overly challenging. This method enhances your ability to understand new words through context, reducing reliance on direct translations. While the translations are subtly obscured to foster learning, you can still look up unclear terms. This balanced approach makes language acquisition smoother and more enjoyable. Delve into these translated literary works and discover the satisfaction of mastering a language through reading.

PREFACE
SUPPOSINGthatTruthis
en
awoman—whatthen?
Istherenotgroundforsuspectingthat
alle
allphilosophers,insofarasthey
har
havebeendogmatists,havefailedto
forstå
understandwomen—thattheterribleseriousness
og
andclumsyimportunitywithwhichthey
har
haveusuallypaidtheiraddressesto
Sandheden
Truth,havebeenunskilledandunseemlymethodsfor
vinde
winningawoman?
Certainlyshe
har
hasneverallowedherselftobe
vundet
won;
andatpresentevery
form
kindofdogmastandswith
trist
sadanddiscouragedmien—IF,indeed,it
står
standsatall!
Fortherearescofferswhomaintainthatithasfallen,that
alle
alldogmaliesontheground—nay
mere
more,thatitisatits
sidste
lastgasp.
Buttospeak
alvorligt
seriously,therearegoodgroundsfor
håbe
hopingthatalldogmatizinginphilosophy,
uanset
whateversolemn,whateverconclusiveanddecidedairsit
har
hasassumed,mayhavebeenonly
en
anoblepuerilismandtyronism;
og
andprobablythetimeisathand
da
whenitwillbeonce
og
andagainunderstoodWHAThas
faktisk
actuallysufficedforthebasisofsuchimposing
og
andabsolutephilosophicaledificesasthedogmatists
har
havehithertoreared:
perhapssome
populære
popularsuperstitionofimmemorialtime(suchasthesoul-superstition,which,inthe
form
formofsubject-
andego-superstition,
har
hasnotyetceaseddoingmischief):
måske
perhapssomeplayuponwords,a
bedrag
deceptiononthepartofgrammar,
eller
oranaudaciousgeneralizationof
meget
veryrestricted,verypersonal,veryhuman—all-too-humanfacts.
The
filosofi
philosophyofthedogmatists,itistobehoped,wasonly
et
apromiseforthousandsofyears
bagefter
afterwards,aswasastrologyinstill
tidligere
earliertimes,intheserviceof
der
whichprobablymorelabour,gold,acuteness,
og
andpatiencehavebeenspent
end
thanonanyactualsciencehitherto:
we
skylder
owetoit,andtoits"super-terrestrial"pretensionsinAsia
og
andEgypt,thegrandstyleof
arkitektur
architecture.
Itseemsthatinordertoinscribethemselvesuponthe
hjerte
heartofhumanitywitheverlastingclaims,
alle
allgreatthingshavefirstto
vandre
wanderabouttheearthasenormous
og
andawe-inspiringcaricatures:
dogmaticphilosophy
har
hasbeenacaricatureof
denne
thiskind—forinstance,theVedanta
lære
doctrineinAsia,andPlatonismin
Europa
Europe.
Letusnotbeungratefultoit,althoughit
må
mustcertainlybeconfessedthatthe
værste
worst,themosttiresome,andthe
mest
mostdangerousoferrorshitherto
har
hasbeenadogmatisterror—namely,Plato's
opfindelse
inventionofPureSpiritandthe
Gode
GoodinItself.
Butnow
når
whenithasbeensurmounted,
når
whenEurope,ridofthis
mareridt
nightmare,canagaindrawbreath
frit
freelyandatleastenjoy
en
ahealthier—sleep,we,WHOSEDUTYISWAKEFULNESSITSELF,aretheheirsof
al
allthestrengthwhichthestruggle
mod
againstthiserrorhasfostered.
Itamountedtotheveryinversionof
sandheden
truth,andthedenialofthePERSPECTIVE—the
grundlæggende
fundamentalcondition—oflife,tospeakof
Ånden
SpiritandtheGoodasPlatospokeof
dem
them;
indeedonemightask,asa
læge
physician:
"Howdidsuchamalady
angribe
attackthatfinestproductofantiquity,Plato?
Havde
HadthewickedSocratesreallycorrupted
ham
him?
WasSocratesafterall
en
acorrupterofyouths,and
fortjente
deservedhishemlock?"
Butthestruggle
mod
againstPlato,or—tospeakplainer,
og
andforthe"people"—thestruggle
mod
againsttheecclesiasticaloppressionofmillenniumsof
Kristendommen
Christianity(FORCHRISTIANITYISPLATONISMFOR
Den
THE"PEOPLE"),producedinEurope
en
amagnificenttensionofsoul,suchas
havde
hadnotexistedanywherepreviously;
med
withsuchatenselystrained
bue
bowonecannowaimat
de
thefurthestgoals.
Asamatterof
faktisk
fact,theEuropeanfeelsthis
spænding
tensionasastateof
nød
distress,andtwiceattemptshavebeen
gjort
madeingrandstyletounbendthe
buen
bow:
oncebymeansofJesuitism,
og
andthesecondtimebymeansof
demokratisk
democraticenlightenment—which,withtheaidoflibertyofthepress
og
andnewspaper-reading,might,infact,bringitabout
at
thatthespiritwouldnotso
let
easilyfinditselfin"distress"!
(TheGermans
opfandt
inventedgunpowder—allcredittothem!
men
buttheyagainmadethingssquare—they
opfandt
inventedprinting.)
Butwe,whoare
hverken
neitherJesuits,nordemocrats,nor
endda
evensufficientlyGermans,weGOODEUROPEANS,
og
andfree,VERYfreespirits—we
har
haveitstill,allthe
nød
distressofspiritandallthe
spænding
tensionofitsbow!
And
måske
perhapsalsothearrow,theduty,
og
and,whoknows?
THEGOALTOAIMAT....
Kapitel
CHAPTERI.PREJUDICESOFPHILOSOPHERS
1.
Den
TheWilltoTruth,whichisto
friste
temptustomanya
farlige
hazardousenterprise,thefamousTruthfulnessof
som
whichallphilosophershavehithertospoken
med
withrespect,whatquestionshas
denne
thisWilltoTruthnot
lagt
laidbeforeus!
Whatstrange,perplexing,questionablequestions!
Itis
allerede
alreadyalongstory;
yetitseemsasifitwere
næppe
hardlycommenced.
Isitanywonderifweatlastgrowdistrustful,
mister
losepatience,andturnimpatiently
væk
away?
ThatthisSphinxteachesusatlastto
stille
askquestionsourselves?
WHOisitreallythatputsquestionstous
her
here?
WHATreallyisthis"WilltoTruth"in
os
us?
Infactwemadealonghaltatthe
spørgsmål
questionastotheoriginof
denne
thisWill—untilatlastwe
kom
cametoanabsolutestandstillbeforea
endnu
yetmorefundamentalquestion.
We
spurgte
inquiredabouttheVALUEof
dette
thisWill.
Grantedthatwe
vil
wantthetruth:
WHYNOT
Snarere
RATHERuntruth?
Anduncertainty?
Even
uvidenhed
ignorance?
Theproblemofthe
værdi
valueoftruthpresenteditselfbeforeus—orwasitwe
der
whopresentedourselvesbeforetheproblem?
WhichofusistheOedipus
her
here?
WhichtheSphinx?
Itwould
ser ud
seemtobearendezvousofquestions
og
andnotesofinterrogation.
And
kunne
coulditbebelievedthatitat
var
lastseemstousasiftheproblemhad
aldrig
neverbeenpropoundedbefore,asifwewerethe
første
firsttodiscernit,get
et
asightofit,andRISK
Rejse
RAISINGit?
Forthereis
risiko
riskinraisingit,perhaps
der
thereisnogreaterrisk.
2.
"HOW
Kunne
COULDanythingoriginateoutofits
modsatte
opposite?
Forexample,truthoutof
fejl
error?
ortheWillto
Sandhed
Truthoutofthewillto
bedrag
deception?
orthegenerousdeed
ud
outofselfishness?
orthe
rene
puresun-brightvisionofthewise
mand
manoutofcovetousness?
Suchgenesisisimpossible;
whoever
drømmer
dreamsofitisafool,nay,
værre
worsethanafool;
thingsofthehighest
værdi
valuemusthaveadifferent
oprindelse
origin,anoriginofTHEIRown—in
denne
thistransitory,seductive,illusory,paltry
verden
world,inthisturmoilof
vildfarelse
delusionandcupidity,theycannot
have
havetheirsource.
Butratherinthe
skød
lapofBeing,intheintransitory,intheconcealed
Gud
God,inthe'Thing-in-itself—THEREmustbetheir
kilde
source,andnowhereelse!"—Thismodeofreasoning
afslører
disclosesthetypicalprejudiceby
der
whichmetaphysiciansofalltimes
kan
canberecognized,thismodeofvaluationisatthebackofalltheir
logiske
logicalprocedure;
throughthis"belief"oftheirs,theyexertthemselvesfortheir"knowledge,"for
noget
somethingthatisintheend
højtideligt
solemnlychristened"theTruth."
The
grundlæggende
fundamentalbeliefofmetaphysiciansis
Den
THEBELIEFINANTITHESESOFVALUES.
It
aldrig
neveroccurredeventothewariestofthemtodoubt
her
hereontheverythreshold(wheredoubt,however,was
mest
mostnecessary);
thoughtheyhadmade
et
asolemnvow,"DEOMNIBUSDUBITANDUM."
Forit
kan
maybedoubted,firstly,whetherantitheses
findes
existatall;
andsecondly,
om
whetherthepopularvaluationsandantithesesofvalueuponwhichmetaphysicians
har
havesettheirseal,arenot
måske
perhapsmerelysuperficialestimates,merelyprovisionalperspectives,besidesbeing
sandsynligvis
probablymadefromsomecorner,
måske
perhapsfrombelow—"frogperspectives,"asitwere,to
låne
borrowanexpressioncurrentamongpainters.
In
trods
spiteofallthevaluewhichmay
tilhøre
belongtothetrue,the
positive
positive,andtheunselfish,it
kan
mightbepossiblethata
højere
higherandmorefundamentalvalueforlife
generelt
generallyshouldbeassignedtopretence,tothewillto
illusion
delusion,toselfishness,andcupidity.
It
kan
mightevenbepossiblethatWHATconstitutesthevalueofthose
gode
goodandrespectedthings,consistspreciselyintheirbeinginsidiously
beslægtede
related,knotted,andcrochetedtothese
onde
evilandapparentlyopposedthings—perhaps
endda
eveninbeingessentiallyidentical
med
withthem.
Perhaps!
Butwho
ønsker
wishestoconcernhimselfwithsuch
farlige
dangerous"Perhapses"!
Forthatinvestigationone
må
mustawaittheadventofa
ny
neworderofphilosophers,suchas
vil
willhaveothertastesandinclinations,thereverseofthosehithertoprevalent—philosophersofthe
farlige
dangerous"Perhaps"ineverysenseofthe
udtrykket
term.
Andtospeakin
al
allseriousness,Iseesuch
nye
newphilosophersbeginningtoappear.
3.
Have
Havingkeptasharpeyeonphilosophers,
og
andhavingreadbetweentheirlines
længe
longenough,Inowsaytomyselfthatthegreater
del
partofconsciousthinkingmustbe
tælle
countedamongtheinstinctivefunctions,
og
anditissoeveninthecaseofphilosophicalthinking;
man
onehasheretolearnanew,as
man
onelearnedanewaboutheredity
og
and"innateness."
Aslittleas
det
theactofbirthcomesinto
betragtning
considerationinthewholeprocess
og
andprocedureofheredity,justas
lidt
littleis"being-conscious"OPPOSEDto
det
theinstinctiveinanydecisive
forstand
sense;
thegreaterpartof
den
theconsciousthinkingofaphilosopheris
hemmeligt
secretlyinfluencedbyhisinstincts,
og
andforcedintodefinitechannels.
Og
Andbehindalllogicanditsseeming
suverænitet
sovereigntyofmovement,therearevaluations,
eller
ortospeakmoreplainly,physiologicaldemands,for
det
themaintenanceofadefinitemodeoflifeFor
eksempel
example,thatthecertainis
værd
worthmorethantheuncertain,thatillusionis
mindre
lessvaluablethan"truth"suchvaluations,in
trods
spiteoftheirregulativeimportancefor
Os
US,mightnotwithstandingbeonly
overfladiske
superficialvaluations,specialkindsofniaiserie,suchasmaybenecessaryfor
det
themaintenanceofbeingssuchasourselves.
Supposing,ineffect,
at
thatmanisnotjustthe"measureofthings."
4.
Thefalsenessof
en
anopinionisnotforusany
indvending
objectiontoit:
itis
her
here,perhaps,thatournew
sprog
languagesoundsmoststrangely.
Thequestionis,howfaranopinionislife-furthering,life-preserving,species-preserving,
måske
perhapsspecies-rearing,andweare
grundlæggende
fundamentallyinclinedtomaintainthatthefalsestopinions(towhichthesyntheticjudgmentsaprioribelong),arethe
mest
mostindispensabletous,that
uden
withoutarecognitionoflogicalfictions,
uden
withoutacomparisonofreality
med
withthepurelyIMAGINEDworldoftheabsolute
og
andimmutable,withoutaconstantcounterfeitingofthe
verden
worldbymeansofnumbers,man
kunne
couldnotlive—thattherenunciationoffalseopinions
ville
wouldbearenunciationof
liv
life,anegationoflife.
TO
Anerkende
RECOGNISEUNTRUTHASACONDITIONOFLIFE;
thatis
sikkert
certainlytoimpugnthetraditionalideasof
værdi
valueinadangerousmanner,
og
andaphilosophywhichventuresto
gøre
doso,hastherebyalone
placeret
placeditselfbeyondgoodand
ondt
evil.
5.
Thatwhichcausesphilosopherstobe
betragtet
regardedhalf-distrustfullyandhalf-mockingly,isnottheoft-repeated
opdagelse
discoveryhowinnocenttheyare—how
ofte
oftenandeasilytheymakemistakes
og
andlosetheirway,inshort,how
barnlige
childishandchildliketheyare,—butthatthereisnot
nok
enoughhonestdealingwiththem,whereasthey
alle
allraisealoudandvirtuousoutcry
når
whentheproblemoftruthfulnessis
endda
evenhintedatintheremotestmanner.
They
alle
allposeasthoughtheirrealopinionshadbeen
opdaget
discoveredandattainedthroughtheself-evolvingof
en
acold,pure,divinelyindifferentdialectic
I
(incontrasttoallsortsofmystics,who,fairer
og
andfoolisher,talkof"inspiration"),whereas,infact,
en
aprejudicedproposition,idea,or"suggestion,"whichis
generelt
generallytheirheart'sdesireabstracted
og
andrefined,isdefendedbythem
med
withargumentssoughtoutaftertheevent.
Theyare
alle
alladvocateswhodonot
ønsker
wishtoberegardedassuch,
generelt
generallyastutedefenders,also,oftheirprejudices,whichtheydub"truths,"—and
Meget
VERYfarfromhavingtheconsciencewhich
modigt
bravelyadmitsthistoitself,
meget
veryfarfromhavingthe
gode
goodtasteofthecouragewhich
går
goessofarasto
lade
letthisbeunderstood,perhapsto
advare
warnfriendorfoe,orin
munter
cheerfulconfidenceandself-ridicule.
ThespectacleoftheTartufferyof
gamle
oldKant,equallystiffand
anstændig
decent,withwhichheenticesusintothedialecticby-waysthat
fører
lead(morecorrectlymislead)tohis"categoricalimperative"—makesusfastidiousones
smile
smile,wewhofindno
lille
smallamusementinspyingoutthe
subtile
subtletricksofoldmoralists
og
andethicalpreachers.
Or,still
mere
moreso,thehocus-pocusinmathematical
form
form,bymeansofwhichSpinoza
har
has,asitwere,cladhis
filosofi
philosophyinmailandmask—infact,the"loveofHISwisdom,"to
oversætte
translatethetermfairlyandsquarely—inordertherebyto
slå
striketerroratonceintothe
hjertet
heartoftheassailantwho
skulle
shoulddaretocasta
blik
glanceonthatinvinciblemaiden,thatPallasAthene:—how
meget
muchofpersonaltimidityandvulnerabilitydoes
denne
thismasqueradeofasicklyrecluse
forråder
betray!
6.
Ithasgradually
blevet
becomecleartomewhat
hver
everygreatphilosophyuptill
nu
nowhasconsistedof—namely,theconfessionofitsoriginator,
og
andaspeciesofinvoluntary
og
andunconsciousauto-biography;
andmoreover
at
thatthemoral(orimmoral)
formål
purposeineveryphilosophyhasconstitutedthe
sande
truevitalgermoutof
som
whichtheentireplanthas
altid
alwaysgrown.
Indeed,tounderstand
hvordan
howtheabstrusestmetaphysicalassertionsof
en
aphilosopherhavebeenarrivedat,itis
altid
alwayswell(andwise)to
først
firstaskoneself:
"Whatmoralitydothey(ordoeshe)
sigter
aimat?"
Accordingly,Idonot
tror
believethatan"impulsetoknowledge"isthefatherofphilosophy;
men
butthatanotherimpulse,hereaselsewhere,
har
hasonlymadeuseof
viden
knowledge(andmistakenknowledge!)
as
et
aninstrument.
Butwhoeverconsidersthe
grundlæggende
fundamentalimpulsesofmanwithaviewto
afgøre
determininghowfartheymayhave
her
hereactedasINSPIRINGGENII
Eller
(orasdemonsandcobolds),
vil
willfindthattheyhave
alle
allpracticedphilosophyatone
tidspunkt
timeoranother,andthat
hver
eachoneofthemwouldhavebeenonly
for
toogladtolookuponitselfasthe
ultimative
ultimateendofexistenceandthe
legitime
legitimateLORDoveralltheotherimpulses.
Forevery
impuls
impulseisimperious,andas
Sådan
SUCH,attemptstophilosophize.
Tobe
sikker
sure,inthecaseofscholars,inthe
tilfælde
caseofreallyscientificmen,it
kan
maybeotherwise—"better,"ifyou
vil
will;
theretheremayreallybe
sådan
suchathingasan"impulsetoknowledge,"some
slags
kindofsmall,independentclock-work,which,
når
whenwellwoundup,works
væk
awayindustriouslytothatend,
Uden
WITHOUTtherestofthescholarlyimpulses
tager
takinganymaterialparttherein.
Den
Theactual"interests"ofthescholar,
derfor
therefore,aregenerallyinquite
anden
anotherdirection—inthefamily,perhaps,
eller
orinmoney-making,orin
politik
politics;
itis,infact,
næsten
almostindifferentatwhatpointofresearchhis
lille
littlemachineisplaced,and
om
whetherthehopefulyoungworker
bliver
becomesagoodphilologist,amushroomspecialist,
eller
orachemist;
heisnotCHARACTERISEDby
blive
becomingthisorthat.
Inthephilosopher,onthecontrary,
der
thereisabsolutelynothingimpersonal;
og
andaboveall,hismoralityfurnishes
et
adecidedanddecisivetestimonyasto
Hvem
WHOHEIS,—thatisto
sige
say,inwhatorderthedeepestimpulsesofhis
natur
naturestandtoeachother.
7.
Hvor
Howmaliciousphilosopherscanbe!
I
kender
knowofnothingmorestinging
end
thanthejokeEpicurustook
den
thelibertyofmakingonPlato
og
andthePlatonists;
hecalledthemDionysiokolakes.
Inits
oprindelige
originalsense,andonthefaceofit,the
ordet
wordsignifies"FlatterersofDionysius"—consequently,tyrants'accessories
og
andlick-spittles;
besidesthis,however,itisas
meget
muchastosay,"Theyare
alle
allACTORS,thereisnothinggenuine
om
aboutthem"(forDionysiokolaxwasapopular
navn
nameforanactor).
And
den
thelatterisreallythemalignantreproachthatEpicurus
kastede
castuponPlato:
hewas
irriteret
annoyedbythegrandiosemanner,
den
themiseenscenestyleof
som
whichPlatoandhisscholarsweremasters—of
som
whichEpicuruswasnota
mester
master!
He,theoldschool-teacherofSamos,who
sad
satconcealedinhislittle
have
gardenatAthens,andwrote
tre
threehundredbooks,perhapsoutof
vrede
rageandambitiousenvyofPlato,who
ved
knows!
Greecetookahundredyearsto
finde
findoutwhothegarden-godEpicurus
virkelig
reallywas.
Didsheeverfindout?
8.
Thereis
et
apointineveryphilosophyatwhichthe"conviction"ofthephilosopherappearsonthescene;
eller
or,toputitinthewordsof
et
anancientmystery:.
Adventavitasinus,Pulcheretfortissimus.
9.
You
ønsker
desiretoLIVE"accordingtoNature"?
Oh,you
ædle
nobleStoics,whatfraudofwords!
Forestil
Imaginetoyourselvesabeing
som
likeNature,boundlesslyextravagant,boundlesslyindifferent,
uden
withoutpurposeorconsideration,without
medlidenhed
pityorjustice,atoncefruitful
og
andbarrenanduncertain:
imaginetoyourselves
Ligegyldighed
INDIFFERENCEasapower—howCOULDyou
leve
liveinaccordancewithsuch
ligegyldighed
indifference?
Tolive—isnotthat
bare
justendeavouringtobeotherwise
end
thanthisNature?
Isnot
leve
livingvaluing,preferring,beingunjust,being
begrænset
limited,endeavouringtobedifferent?
Og
Andgrantedthatyourimperative,"living
overensstemmelse
accordingtoNature,"meansactually
det
thesameas"livingaccordingtolife"—how
kunne
couldyoudoDIFFERENTLY?
Why
skulle
shouldyoumakeaprinciple
ud
outofwhatyouyourselvesare,
og
andmustbe?
Inreality,
men
however,itisquiteotherwise
med
withyou:
whileyoupretendto
læse
readwithrapturethecanonofyour
lov
lawinNature,youwantsomethingquite
det
thecontrary,youextraordinarystage-players
og
andself-deluders!
Inyourprideyou
ønsker
wishtodictateyourmorals
og
andidealstoNature,toNatureherself,
og
andtoincorporatethemtherein;
you
insisterer
insistthatitshallbeNature"accordingtotheStoa,"
og
andwouldlikeeverythingtobe
lavet
madeafteryourownimage,as
en
avast,eternalglorificationandgeneralismofStoicism!
Med
Withallyourlovefor
sandheden
truth,youhaveforcedyourselvesso
længe
long,sopersistently,andwith
sådan
suchhypnoticrigiditytoseeNatureFALSELY,thatisto
sige
say,Stoically,thatyouare
ikke
nolongerabletoseeitotherwise—andto
krone
crownall,someunfathomablesuperciliousness
giver
givesyoutheBedlamitehopethat
Fordi
BECAUSEyouareabletotyrannize
over
overyourselves—Stoicismisself-tyranny—Naturewill
også
alsoallowherselftobetyrannized
over
over:
isnottheStoic
en
aPARTofNature?...
Butthisis
en
anoldandeverlastingstory:
what
sker
happenedinoldtimeswith
det
theStoicsstillhappenstoday,as
snart
soonaseveraphilosophy
begynder
beginstobelieveinitself.
It
altid
alwayscreatestheworldinits
eget
ownimage;
itcannotdootherwise;
philosophyis
denne
thistyrannicalimpulseitself,the
mest
mostspiritualWilltoPower,
den
thewillto"creationof
den
theworld,"thewillto
den
thecausaprima.
10.
Theeagerness
og
andsubtlety,Ishouldeven
sige
saycraftiness,withwhichtheproblemof"the
virkelige
realandtheapparentworld"isdealt
med
withatpresentthroughoutEurope,furnishes
mad
foodforthoughtandattention;
og
andhewhohearsonly
en
a"WilltoTruth"inthebackground,
og
andnothingelse,cannotcertainly
prale
boastofthesharpestears.
In
sjældne
rareandisolatedcases,it
kan
mayreallyhavehappenedthat
sådan
suchaWilltoTruth—acertainextravagant
og
andadventurouspluck,ametaphysician's
ambition
ambitionoftheforlornhope—hasparticipatedtherein:
thatwhichin
den
theendalwaysprefersa
håndfuld
handfulof"certainty"toa
hel
wholecartloadofbeautifulpossibilities;
there
kan
mayevenbepuritanicalfanaticsof
samvittighed
conscience,whoprefertoputtheir
sidste
lasttrustinasurenothing,
snarere
ratherthaninanuncertainsomething.
Men
ButthatisNihilism,andthe
tegn
signofadespairing,mortallywearied
sjæl
soul,notwithstandingthecourageousbearing
sådan
suchavirtuemaydisplay.
Itseems,
men
however,tobeotherwisewith
stærkere
strongerandlivelierthinkerswhoare
stadig
stilleagerforlife.
InthattheysideAGAINSTappearance,
og
andspeaksuperciliouslyof"perspective,"inthatthey
rangerer
rankthecredibilityoftheir
egne
ownbodiesaboutaslowasthecredibilityoftheocularevidencethat"theearth
står
standsstill,"andthus,apparently,
tillader
allowingwithcomplacencytheirsecurest
besiddelse
possessiontoescape(forwhatdoesoneatpresent
tror
believeinmorefirmlythaninone'sbody?),—who
ved
knowsiftheyarenot
virkelig
reallytryingtowinback
noget
somethingwhichwasformerlyan
endnu
evensecurerpossession,somethingofthe
gamle
olddomainofthefaithofformertimes,
måske
perhapsthe"immortalsoul,"perhaps"the
gamle
oldGod,"inshort,ideasbywhichthey
kunne
couldlivebetter,thatistosay,
mere
morevigorouslyandmorejoyously,
end
thanby"modernideas"?
ThereisDISTRUSTofthese
moderne
modernideasinthismodeof
se
lookingatthings,adisbeliefin
alt
allthathasbeenconstructedyesterday
og
andtoday;
thereisperhapssome
lille
slightadmixtureofsatietyand
foragt
scorn,whichcannolonger
udholde
enduretheBRIC-A-BRACofideasof
den
themostvariedorigin,suchasso-calledPositivismatpresent
kaster
throwsonthemarket;
a
afsky
disgustofthemorerefined
smag
tasteatthevillage-fairmotleyness
og
andpatchinessofallthesereality-philosophasters,inwhom
der
thereisnothingeithernew
eller
ortrue,exceptthismotleyness.
Thereinit
synes
seemstomethatwe
bør
shouldagreewiththoseskepticalanti-realists
og
andknowledge-microscopistsofthepresent
dag
day;
theirinstinct,whichrepelsthemfrom
Moderne
MODERNreality,isunrefuted...
what
gøre
dotheirretrogradeby-pathsconcern
os
us!
ThemainthingaboutthemisNOTthatthey
ønsker
wishtogo"back,"butthatthey
ønsker
wishtogetAWAYtherefrom.
A
lidt
littleMOREstrength,swing,courage,
og
andartisticpower,andthey
ville
wouldbeOFF—andnotback!
11.
It
synes
seemstomethatthereis
overalt
everywhereanattemptatpresentto
aflede
divertattentionfromtheactual
indflydelse
influencewhichKantexercisedonGerman
filosofi
philosophy,andespeciallytoignoreprudentlythe
værdi
valuewhichhesetuponhimself.
Kantwas
først
firstandforemostproudofhisTableofCategories;
med
withitinhishandhe
sagde
said:
"Thisisthemostdifficultthingthat
kan
couldeverbeundertakenonbehalfofmetaphysics."
Lad
Letusonlyunderstandthis"couldbe"!
Hewas
stolt
proudofhavingDISCOVEREDa
ny
newfacultyinman,thefacultyofsynthetic
dom
judgmentapriori.
Grantingthathedeceivedhimselfin
denne
thismatter;
thedevelopmentandrapidflourishingofGermanphilosophydependedneverthelessonhis
stolthed
pride,andontheeagerrivalryof
den
theyoungergenerationtodiscoverif
muligt
possiblesomething—atallevents"newfaculties"—of
som
whichtobestillprouder!—Butletusreflectforamoment—itishightimetodoso.
"HowaresyntheticjudgmentsaprioriPOSSIBLE?"
Kant
spørger
askshimself—andwhatisreallyhis
svar
answer?
"BYMEANSOFA
Men
MEANS(faculty)"—butunfortunatelynotin
fem
fivewords,butsocircumstantially,imposingly,
og
andwithsuchdisplayofGermanprofundity
og
andverbalflourishes,thatonealtogether
mister
losessightofthecomicalniaiserieallemande
involveret
involvedinsuchananswer.
Folk
Peoplewerebesidethemselveswithdelight
over
overthisnewfaculty,and
det
thejubilationreacheditsclimax
da
whenKantfurtherdiscoveredamoral
fakultet
facultyinman—foratthat
tidspunkt
timeGermanswerestillmoral,not
endnu
yetdabblinginthe"Politicsof
hårde
hardfact."
Thencamethe
bryllupsrejse
honeymoonofGermanphilosophy.
All
de
theyoungtheologiansoftheTubingeninstitution
gik
wentimmediatelyintothegroves—allseekingfor"faculties."
Og
Andwhatdidtheynotfind—inthat
uskyldige
innocent,rich,andstillyouthful
periode
periodoftheGermanspirit,to
som
whichRomanticism,themaliciousfairy,piped
og
andsang,whenonecouldnot
endnu
yetdistinguishbetween"finding"and"inventing"!
Aboveall
en
afacultyforthe"transcendental";
Schellingchristenedit,intellectual
intuition
intuition,andtherebygratifiedthe
mest
mostearnestlongingsofthe
naturligt
naturallypious-inclinedGermans.
Onecan
gøre
donogreaterwrongtothe
hele
wholeofthisexuberantandeccentric
bevægelse
movement(whichwasreallyyouthfulness,notwithstandingthatit
forklædte
disguiseditselfsoboldly,inhoary
og
andsenileconceptions),thanto
tage
takeitseriously,oreven
behandle
treatitwithmoralindignation.
Enough,however—the
verden
worldgrewolder,andthedream
forsvandt
vanished.
Atimecamewhen
folk
peoplerubbedtheirforeheads,andthey
stadig
stillrubthemtoday.
People
havde
hadbeendreaming,andfirst
og
andforemost—oldKant.
"Bymeansof
et
ameans(faculty)"—hehadsaid,
eller
oratleastmeantto
sige
say.
But,isthat—ananswer?
En
Anexplanation?
Orisitnot
snarere
rathermerelyarepetitionofthequestion?
Hvordan
Howdoesopiuminducesleep?
"Bymeansof
et
ameans(faculty),"namelythevirtusdormitiva,
svarer
repliesthedoctorinMoliere,.
Men
Butsuchrepliesbelongtotherealmofcomedy,
og
anditishightimeto
erstatte
replacetheKantianquestion,"HowaresyntheticjudgmentsaPRIORIpossible?"
by
et andet
anotherquestion,"Whyisbeliefinsuchjudgmentsnecessary?"—ineffect,itishightimethatweshould
forstår
understandthatsuchjudgmentsmustbe
tro
believedtobetrue,forthesakeofthepreservationofcreatures
som
likeourselves;
thoughtheystill
kan
mightnaturallybefalsejudgments!
Eller
Or,moreplainlyspoken,and
groft
roughlyandreadily—syntheticjudgmentsapriori
bør
shouldnot"bepossible"atall;
we
har
havenorighttothem;
inourmouthstheyare
intet
nothingbutfalsejudgments.
Only,of
selvfølgelig
course,thebeliefintheir
sandhed
truthisnecessary,asplausiblebelief
og
andocularevidencebelongingtotheperspectiveviewoflife.
Og
Andfinally,tocalltomindtheenormous
indflydelse
influencewhich"Germanphilosophy"—Ihopeyou
forstår
understanditsrighttoinvertedcommas(goosefeet)?—hasexercisedthroughoutthe
hele
wholeofEurope,thereis
ingen
nodoubtthatacertainVIRTUSDORMITIVAhad
en
ashareinit;
thankstoGerman
filosofi
philosophy,itwasadelighttothe
ædle
nobleidlers,thevirtuous,themystics,theartiste,thethree-fourthsChristians,
og
andthepoliticalobscurantistsof
alle
allnations,tofindan
modgift
antidotetothestilloverwhelmingsensualism
der
whichoverflowedfromthelast
århundrede
centuryintothis,inshort—"sensusassoupire."...