THEAUTHOR’SPREFACE
Ofallkindsof
السخرية
satire,thereisnonesoentertaininganduniversallyimproving,asthatالذي
whichisintroduced,asitwereبعض الأحيان
occasionally,inthecourseofanمثيرة
interestingstory,whichbringseveryحادثة
incidenthometolife,andbyrepresentingالمألوفة
familiarscenesinanuncommonandamusingpointofview,investsthemwithallthegracesofnovelty,حين
whilenatureisappealedtoineveryparticular.The
القارئ
readergratifieshiscuriosityinpursuingtheadventuresofaشخص
personinwhosefavourheisprepossessed;heespouseshiscause,hesympathiseswithhiminhisdistress,hisindignationisheated
ضد
againsttheauthorsofhiscalamity:thehumanepassionsareinflamed;
the
التباين
contrastbetweendejectedvirtueandinsultingviceappearsمع
withgreateraggravation,andeveryانطباع
impressionhavingadoubleforceontheالخيال
imagination,thememoryretainsthecircumstance,andtheالقلب
heartimprovesbytheexample.The
الانتباه
attentionisnottiredwithaعارية
barecatalogueofcharacters,butagreeablydivertedمع
withallthevarietyofinvention;andthevicissitudesof
الحياة
lifeappearintheirpeculiarcircumstances,openinganamplefieldforwitandhumour.Romance,nodoubt,owesitsorigintoignorance,vanity,andsuperstition.
Inthe
المظلمة
darkagesoftheWorld,عندما
whenamanhadrenderedhimselffamousforwisdomأو
orvalour,hisfamilyandadherentsavailedthemselvesofhissuperiorqualities,magnifiedhisvirtues,andrepresentedhischaracterandpersonassacredandsupernatural.Thevulgareasilyswallowedthe
الطعم
bait,imploredhisprotection,andyieldedthetributeofhomageandpraise,حتى
eventoadoration;hisexploitswerehandeddowntoposterity
مع
withathousandexaggerations;theywererepeatedasincitementsto
الفضيلة
virtue;divinehonourswerepaid,andaltarserectedtohismemory,fortheencouragementof
أولئك
thosewhoattemptedtoimitatehisexample;andhencearosethe
الوثنية
heathenmythology,whichisnootherthanaمجموعة
collectionofextravagantromances.Aslearningadvanced,and
العبقرية
geniusreceivedcultivation,thesestorieswereembellishedمع
withthegracesofpoetry,thattheymighttheأفضل
betterrecommendthemselvestotheattention;theyweresunginpublic,atfestivals,fortheinstructionanddelightoftheaudience;
و
andrehearsedbeforebattle,asincentivestodeedsofالمجد
glory.Thustragedyandtheepicmusewereborn,and,inthe
تقدم
progressoftaste,arrivedatالكمال
perfection.Itisnowonderthattheancientscouldnotrelishafablein
النثر
prose,aftertheyhadseensoالعديد
manyremarkableeventscelebratedinversebytheirأفضل
bestpoets;wethereforefindnoromanceamongthem
خلال
duringtheeraoftheirexcellence,unlesstheCyropædiaofXenophonmaybesocalled;anditwasnottillartsandsciencesbegantorevive
بعد
aftertheirruptionofthebarbariansintoEurope,thatأي شيء
anythingofthiskindappeared.But
عندما
whenthemindsofmenweredebauchedbytheimpositionofpriestcrafttothemostabsurdpitchofcredulity,theauthorsofالرومانسية
romancearose,andlosingsightofprobability,filledtheirperformanceswiththemostmonstroushyperboles.إذا
Iftheycouldnotequaltheancientpoetsinpointofالعبقرية
geniustheywereresolvedtoexceltheminالخيال
fiction,andapplytotheعجب
wonder,ratherthanthejudgment,oftheirreaders.ذلك
Accordingly,theybroughtnecromancytotheiraid,andinsteadofsupportingthecharacteroftheirheroesbydignityofالمشاعر
sentimentandpractice,distinguishedthembytheirالجسدية
bodilystrength,activity,andextravaganceofbehaviour.الرغم
Althoughnothingcouldbemoreludicrousandunnaturalمن
thanthefigurestheydrew,theydidnotwantpatronsandadmirers;andthe
العالم
worldactuallybegantobeinfectedwiththespiritofknight-errantry,عندما
whenCervantes,byaninimitableقطعة
pieceofridicule,reformedtheذوق
tasteofmankind,representingchivalryintherightpointofview,andconvertingالرومانسية
romancetopurposesfarmoreusefulandentertaining,bymakingitassumethesock,andpointoutthefolliesofالعادية
ordinarylife.ThesamemethodhasbeenpractisedbyotherSpanishandFrenchauthors,andby
أي
nonemoresuccessfullythanbyMonsieurLeSage,who,inhisAdventuresofGilBlas,hasdescribedtheknaveryandfoiblesofالحياة
life,withinfinitehumourandsagacity.ThefollowingsheetsIhavemodelledonhisplan,takingme
الحرية
liberty,however,todifferfromhimintheexecution,whereIthoughthisخاصة
particularsituationswereuncommon,extravagant,أو
orpeculiartothecountryinالذي
whichthesceneislaid.في
ThedisgracesofGilBlasare,forفي
themostpart,suchasratherexcitemirththanالتعاطف
compassion;hehimselflaughsat
عليهم
them;andhistransitionsfromdistresstohappiness,
أو
oratleastease,aresoفجأة
sudden,thatneitherthereaderhasالوقت
timetopityhim,norhimselftobeacquaintedwithaffliction.This
السلوك
conduct,inmyopinion,notفقط
onlydeviatesfromprobability,butpreventsthatالسخي
generousindignation,whichoughttoanimatetheالقارئ
readeragainstthesordidandviciousdispositionoftheworld.Ihaveattemptedto
تمثيل
representmodestmeritstrugglingwithكل
everydifficultytowhichafriendlessيتيم
orphanisexposed,fromhisالخاصة
ownwantofexperience,aswellasfromtheالأنانية
selfishness,envy,malice,andbaseindifferenceofmankind.Tosecureafavourableprepossession,Ihaveallowedhimtheadvantagesof
الولادة
birthandeducation,whichintheسلسلة
seriesofhismisfortuneswill,Ihope,engagetheingenuousأكثر
morewarmlyinhisbehalf;andthoughI
أتوقع
foresee,thatsomepeoplewillbeoffendedatthemeanscenesinwhichheisinvolved,Ipersuademyselfthatthejudiciouswillnotفقط
onlyperceivethenecessityofdescribingتلك
thosesituationstowhichheيجب
mustofcoursebeconfined,inhislowestate,butalsofindentertainmentinviewingتلك
thosepartsoflife,wherethehumoursandpassionsareundisguisedbyaffectation,ceremony,أو
oreducation;andthewhimsicalpeculiaritiesofdispositionappearas
الطبيعة
naturehasimplantedthem.ButIbelieveI
أحتاج
neednottroublemyselfinvindicatingaممارسة
practiceauthorizedbythebestwritersinthisالطريقة
way,someofwhomIhavealreadynamed.Everyintelligent
قارئ
readerwill,atfirstsight,يدرك
perceiveIhavenotdeviatedfromالطبيعة
natureinthefacts,whicharealltrueinthemain,الرغم
althoughthecircumstancesarealteredanddisguised,toavoidالشخصية
personalsatire.Itnowremainstogivemyreasonsformaking
في
thechiefpersonageofthisالعمل
workaNorthBriton,whicharechieflythese:Icould,atasmallexpense,bestowonhimsuch
التعليم
educationasIthoughttheكرامة
dignityofhisbirthandcharacterrequired,الذي
whichcouldnotpossiblybeobtainedinEngland,bysuchslendermeansastheطبيعة
natureofmyplanwouldafford.Inthe
التالي
nextplace,Icouldrepresentبساطة
simplicityofmannersinaبعيد
remotepartofthekingdom,مع
withmoreproprietythaninأي
anyplacenearthecapital;andlastly,thedispositionoftheScots,addictedtotravelling,justifiesmyconductinderiving
على
anadventurerfromthatcountry.APOLOGUE
Ayoung
رسام
painter,indulgingaveinofpleasantry,sketchedaنوعا ما
kindofconversationpiece,representingabear,anowl,amonkey,andanass;andtorenderit
أكثر
morestriking,humorous,andmoral,distinguishedكل
everyfigurebysomeemblemofالبشرية
humanlife.Bruinwasexhibitedinthegarbandattitudeofanold,toothless,drunken
جندي
soldier;theowlpercheduponthe
مقبض
handleofacoffee-pot,withمشهد
spectacleonnose,seemedtocontemplateaصحيفة
newspaper;andtheass,ornamented
مع
withahugetie-wig(which,however,couldnotconcealhislongears),satforhispicturetotheالقرد
monkey,whoappearedwiththeimplementsofpainting.هذه
Thiswhimsicalgroupaffordedsomemirth,andmetwithgeneralapprobation,حتى
untilsomemischievouswaghintedأن
thatthewhole—wasalampoonuponthefriendsoftheperformer;aninsinuationwhichwasnosoonercirculatedthan
أولئك
thoseverypeoplewhoapplaudeditقبل
beforebegantobealarmed,andeventofancythemselvessignifiedbyفي
theseveralfiguresoftheالقطعة
piece.Amongothers,aworthypersonageinyears,whohadservedinthe
الجيش
armywithreputation,beingincensedatthesupposedالغضب
outrage,repairedtothelodgingofthepainter,andfindinghimathome,“Harkye,Mr.Monkey,”saidhe,“Iقد
haveagoodmindtoconvinceyou,thatthoughtheالدب
bearhaslosthisteeth,heretainshispaws,andthatheisnotsodrunkلكنه
buthecanperceiveyourimpertinence.”“Sblood!
سيدي
sir,thattoothlessjawisad—nedscandalouslibel—butdon’tyouimaginemesochopfallenasnottobeabletoمضغ
chewthecudofresentment.”هنا
Herehewasinterruptedbytheوصول
arrivalofalearnedphysician,الذي
who,advancingtotheculpritwithfuryinhisaspect,exclaimed,“Supposetheaugmentationoftheass’searsshouldتثبت
provethediminutionofthebaboon’s—nay,تسعى
seeknottoprevaricate,for,bytheلحية
beardofAesculapius!thereisnot
واحدة
onehairinthisperiwigthatwillnotتقف
standupinjudgmenttoconvicttheeofpersonalabuse.Dobutobserve,
كابتن
captain,howthispitifullittlefellowhascopiedفي
theverycurls—thecolour,indeed,isdifferent,butthenفي
theformandforetoparequitesimilar.”Whilehethusremonstratedin
على
astrainofvociferation,avenerablesenatorentered,andwaddlinguptothedelinquent,“Jackanapes!”criedhe,“Iwill
الآن
nowlettheeseeIcanقراءة
readsomethingelsethananewspaper,andthatدون
withoutthehelpofspectacles:hereisyourown
مذكرة
noteofhand,sirrah,forالمال
money,whichifIhadnotadvanced,youyourselfwouldhaveresembledعلى
anowl,innotdaringtoإظهار
showyourfacebyday,youungratefulslanderousknave!”Invaintheastonished
الرسام
painterdeclaredthathehadnoنية
intentiontogiveoffence,ortocharacteriseparticularأشخاص
persons:theyaffirmedtheresemblancewastoopalpabletobeoverlooked;
theytaxedhimwithinsolence,malice,andingratitude;
andtheirclamoursbeingoverheardbythe
الجمهور
public,thecaptainwasabear,thedoctoranass,andthesenatoranالبومة
owl,tohisdyingday.Christian
القارئ
reader,Ibeseechthee,inthebowelsoftheالرب
Lord,rememberthisexample“whilethouartemployedintheperusalofthefollowingsheets;and
تسعى
seeknottoappropriatetothyselfthatwhichequallybelongstofivehundreddifferentpeople.إذا
Ifthoushouldstmeetwithعلى
acharacterthatreflectstheeinبعض
someungraciousparticular,keepthyالخاصة
owncounsel;CHAPTERI
OfmyBirthandParentage.
Iwasborninthe
الشمالي
northernpartofthisunitedالمملكة
kingdom,inthehouseofmyجدي
grandfather,agentlemanofconsiderableثروة
fortuneandinfluence,whohadonالعديد
manyoccasionssignalisedhimselfinنيابة
behalfofhiscountry;andwasremarkableforhisabilitiesinthe
القانون
law,whichheexercisedwithgreatsuccessinthestationofaالقاضي
judge,particularlyagainstbeggars,forwhomhehadaفريدة
singularaversion.Myfather(hisyoungestson)fallingin
حب
lovewithapoorrelation,wholivedمع
withtheoldgentlemaninqualityofahousekeeper,espousedherخاص
privately;andIwasthe
أول
firstfruitofthatmarriage.Duringherpregnancy,
على
adreamdiscomposedmymothersomuchأن
thatherhusband,tiredwithherimportunity,atlastconsultedعلى
ahighlandseer,whosefavourableinterpretationhewouldقد
havesecuredbeforehandbyaالرشوة
bribe,butfoundhimincorruptible.Shedreamedshewasdeliveredofatennis-ball,whichthe
الشيطان
devil(who,tohergreatsurprise,actedthepartofamidwife)strucksoforciblyمع
witharacketthatitdisappearedinanلحظة
instant;andshewasforsometimeinconsolableforthelostofheroffspring;
when,allonasudden,shebehelditreturnwithequalviolence,andenterthe
الأرض
earth,beneathherfeet,whenceالفور
immediatelysprangupagoodlyشجرة
treecoveredwithblossoms,thescentofwhichoperatedsostronglyonhernervesthatsheawoke.Theattentivesage,
بعد
aftersomedeliberation,assuredmyparents,أن
thattheirfirstbornwouldbeagreattraveller;thathewouldundergomanydangersanddifficulties,andatlastreturntohisnativeland,
حيث
wherehewouldflourishinالسعادة
happinessandreputation.Howtruly
هذه
thiswasforetoldwillappearinthesequel.Itwasnot
طويل
longbeforesomeofficiouspersoninformedmygrandfatherofcertainfamiliaritiesthatpassedبين
betweenhissonandhousekeeperwhichalarmedhimsomuchthat,aبضعة
fewdaysafter,hetoldmyfatheritwashightimeforhimtothinkofsettling;andthathehadprovideda
مباراة
matchforhim,towhichhecouldinالعدالة
justicehavenoobjections.Myfather,findingitwouldbe
المستحيل
impossibletoconcealhissituationmuchlonger,franklyownedwhathehaddone;andexcusedhimselffornothavingaskedthe
موافقة
consentofhisfather,bysaying,heknewitwouldhavebeentonopurpose;and
أن
that,hadhisinclinationbeenknown,mygrandfathermighthavetakensuchmeasuresaswouldhaveeffectuallyتضع
putthegratificationofitخارج
outofhispower:headded,thatnoexceptionscouldbetakentohiswife’svirtue,birth,beauty,andgoodsense,andasforfortune,itwas
تحت
beneathhiscare.Theold
الرجل
gentleman,whokeptallhispassions,exceptone,inexcellentorder,heardhimtoعلى
anendwithgreattemper,andthencalmlyasked,كيف
howheproposedtomaintainhimselfandspouse?Hereplied,hecouldbeinno
خطر
dangerofwantingwhilehisfather’sحنان
tendernessremained,whichheandhiswifeshouldطالما
alwayscultivatewiththeutmostveneration;andhewaspersuadedhisallowancewouldbe
مناسبة
suitabletothedignityandcircumstancesofhisfamily,andtotheprovisionalreadymadeforhisbrothersandsisters,الذين
whowerehappilysettledunderhisprotection.“Yourbrothersandsisters,”saidmy
جدي
grandfather,“didnotthinkitbeneaththemtoconsultmeinanaffairofمثل
suchimportanceasmatrimony;neither,Isuppose,wouldyou
لديك
haveomittedthatpieceofduty,hadyounotبعض
somesecretfundinreserve;tothecomfortsofwhichIleaveyou,
مع
withadesirethatyouwillthisالليلة
nightseekoutanotherhabitationforyourselfandwife,whither,inaقصير
shorttime,IwillsendyouanaccountoftheexpenseIhavebeenatinyoureducation,مع
withaviewofbeingreimbursed.Sir,youhavemadethegrandtour—youareapolitegentleman—avery
جميل
prettygentleman—Iwishyouagreatdealofjoy,andamyourveryالمتواضع
humbleservant.”Sosaying,heleftmyfatherinasituationeasilyimagined.
However,hedidnotlong
يتردد
hesitate;for,beingperfectlywellacquaintedwithhisfather’sdisposition,hedidnotdoubtthathewasgladofthispretencetogetridof
منه
him;andhisresolvesbeingasinvariableasthelawsoftheMedesandPersians,heknewitwouldbeto
لا
nopurposetoattempthimbyprayersandentreaties;so
دون
withoutanyfartherapplication,hebetookhimself,مع
withhisdisconsolatebedfellowtoafarm-house,حيث
whereanoldservantofhismotherdwelt:هناك
theretheyremainedsometimeinasituationbutilladaptedtotheأناقة
eleganceoftheirdesiresandtendernessoftheirlove;الذي
whichneverthelessmyfatherchosetoيتحمل
endure,ratherthansupplicateanunnaturalandinflexibleالوالدين
parentbutmymother,foreseeingtheinconveniencestoالذي
whichshemusthavebeenexposed,hadshebeendeliveredinthisالمكان
place(andherpregnancywasveryfaradvanced),دون
withoutcommunicatingherdesigntoherزوجها
husband,wentindisguisetotheمنزل
houseofmygrandfather,hopingthathertearsandconditionwouldmovehimtoالتعاطف
compassion,andreconcilehimtoعلى
aneventwhichwasnowirrecoverablypast.Shefoundmeanstodeceivetheservants,andgetintroducedas
على
anunfortunatelady,whowantedtocomplainofبعض
somematrimonialgrievances,itbeingmygrandfather’sparticularمقاطعة
provincetodecideinallcasesofالفضيحة
scandal.Shewasaccordinglyadmittedintohispresence,
حيث
where,discoveringherself,shefellathisقدميه
feet,andinthemostaffectingطريقة
mannerimploredhisforgiveness;atthe
نفسه
sametimerepresentingthedangerthatthreatenednotفقط
onlyherlife,butthatofhisownحفيده
grandchild,whichwasabouttoseetheالضوء
light.Hetoldherhewassorrythattheindiscretionofherandhissonhadcompelledhimto
جعل
makeavow,whichputitoutofhispowertogivethemanyمساعدة
assistance;thathehadalreadyimpartedhisthoughtsonthat
الموضوع
subjecttoherhusband,andwassurprisedthattheyshoulddisturbhispeacewithanyfartherimportunity.Thissaid,heretired.
Theviolenceofmymother’safflictionhadsuchaneffectonherconstitutionthatshewas
الفور
immediatelyseizedwiththepainsofchildbed;andhadnot
على
anoldmaidservant,towhomshewasveryعزيزة
dear,affordedherpityandassistance,attheخطر
hazardofincurringmygrandfather’sdispleasure,sheandtheالبريئة
innocentfruitofherwombmustقد
havefallenmiserablevictimstohisrigourandinhumanity.Bythe
صداقة
friendshipofthispoorwomanshewascarrieduptoعلى
agarret,andimmediatelydeliveredofعلى
amanchild,thestoryofالتي
whoseunfortunatebirthhehimselfالآن
nowrelates.Myfather,beinginformedofwhathadhappened,flewtotheembracesofhisdarlingspouse,andwhileheloadedhisoffspringwithpaternalembraces,couldnotforbearsheddingafloodoftearsonbeholdingthe
العزيز
dearpartnerofhisheart(forwhoseeasehewouldhavesacrificedthetreasuresoftheeast)stretcheduponaالقطيع
flockbed,inamiserableشقة
apartment,unabletoprotectherfromtheinclemenciesoftheweather.Itisnottobesupposedthatthe
العجوز
oldgentlemanwasignorantofwhatpassed,thoughheaffectedtoknownothingofthematter,andpretendedtobeverymuchمندهش
surprised,whenoneofhisgrandchildren,byhisالأكبر
eldestsondeceased,wholivedwithhimashisheirapparent,acquaintedhimwiththeالقضية
affair;hedeterminedthereforetoobserve
أي
nomedium,butimmediately(onthethirdاليوم
dayafterherdelivery)sentheraperemptoryordertobegone,andturnedofftheservantالذي
whohadpreservedherlife.Thisbehavioursoexasperatedmyfatherthathehadrecoursetothemostdreadfulimprecations;
و
andonhisbarekneesimploredthatالسماء
Heavenwouldrenouncehimifeverheshouldforgetأو
orforgivethebarbarityofhissire.Theinjuries
التي
whichthisunhappymotherreceivedfromherremovalinsuchcircumstances,andthewantofnecessariesحيث
whereshelodged,togetherwithhergriefandanxietyofmind,سرعان ما
soonthrewherintoalanguishingاضطراب
disorder,whichputanendtoherlife.Myfather,wholovedhertenderly,wassoaffectedwithherdeaththatheremained
ستة
sixweeksdeprivedofhissenses;duringwhichtime,the
الناس
peoplewherehelodgedcarriedtheinfanttotheالعجوز
oldmanwhorelentedsofar,onhearingthemelancholyالقصة
storyofhisdaughter-in-law’sdeath,andthedeplorableconditionofhisson,astosendtheالطفل
childtonurse,andheorderedmyfathertobecarriedhometohishouse,حيث
wherehesoonrecoveredtheاستخدام
useofhisreason.Whether
هذا
thishardheartedjudgefeltanyندم
remorseforhiscrueltreatmentofhissonanddaughter,أو
or(whichismoreprobable)wasafraidhischaracterwouldتعاني
sufferintheneighbourhood,heprofessedgreatsorrowforhisconducttomyfather,whosedeliriumwassucceededbyعلى
aprofoundmelancholyandreserve.Atlengthhedisappeared,and,notwithstanding
كل
allimaginableinquiry,couldnotbeheardمن
of;acircumstancewhichconfirmed
معظم
mostpeopleintheopinionofhishavingmadeawaywithhimselfinعلى
afitofdespair.CHAPTERII
Igrowup—amhatedbymyRelations—senttoSchool—neglectedbymyGrandfather—maltreatedbymyMaster—seasonedtoAdversity—IformCabals
ضد
againstthePedant—amdebarredAccesstomyGrandfather—huntedbyhisHeir—IdemolishtheTeethofhisTutor.هناك
Therewerenotwantingsomeالذين
whosuspectedmyunclesofbeingconcernedinmyfather’sfate,onthesuppositionأن
thattheywouldallshareinthepatrimonydestinedforله
him;andthisconjecturewasstrengthenedbyreflectingthatin
كل
allhiscalamitiestheyneverdiscoveredtheleastميل
inclinationtoservehim;but,onthe
العكس
contrary,byalltheartificesintheirpower,fedhisresentmentandsupportedhisresolutionofleavinghimtoالبؤس
miseryandwant.Butpeopleof
الحكم
judgmenttreatedthisinsinuationasعلى
anidlechimera;because,hadmyrelationsbeensowickedasto
استشارة
consulttheirinterestbycommittingsuchanفظيعة
atrociouscrime,thefateofmyfatherwouldقد
haveextendedtometoowhoseحياته
lifewasanotherobstacletotheirexpectation.Meanwhile,Igrewapace,andasIstronglyresembledmyfather,whowas
في
thedarlingofthetenants,Iwantednothingwhichtheirindigentcircumstancescouldafford:لكن
buttheirfavourwasaweakresourceضد
againstthejealousenmityofmycousins;الذي
whothemoremyinfancypromised,conceivedtheأكثر
moreimplacablehatredagainstme:andbeforeIwassixyearsofage,hadsoeffectuallyblockadedmygrandfatherthatI
لم
neversawhimbutbystealth,عندما
whenIsometimesmadeuptohischairashesattoviewhislabourersintheالحقل
field:onwhichoccasionhewouldstrokemyhead,bidmebeagoodboy,andpromisetotakecareofme.
Iwassoon
بعد
aftersenttoschoolataقرية
villagehardby,ofwhichhehadbeendictatortimeoutofmind;butashe
لم
neverpaidformyboard,norsuppliedmewithclothes,books,andothernecessariesIrequired,myconditionwasveryraggedandcontemptible,andtheschoolmaster,who,throughfearofmyجدي
grandfather,taughtmegratis,gavehimselfnoconcernabouttheprogressImadeتحت
underhisinstruction.Inspiteof
كل
allthesedifficultiesanddisgraces,Ibecameعلى
agoodproficientintheLatintongue;and,assoonasIcouldwritetolerably,pesteredmygrandfatherwithletterstosucha
درجة
degreethathesentformymaster,andchidhimseverelyforbestowingsuchpainsonmyeducation,tellinghimthat,إذا
ifeverIshouldbebroughttothegallowsforالتزوير
forgery,whichhehadtaughtmetocommit,mybloodwouldlieonhishead.Thepedant,whodreadednothing
أكثر
morethanthedispleasureofhispatron,assuredhishonourthattheboy’sقدرة
abilitywasmoreowingtohisowngeniusandapplicationthantoأي
anyinstructionorencouragementhereceived;that,
الرغم
althoughhecouldnotdivesthimoftheالمعرفة
knowledgehehadalreadyimbibed,unlesshewouldempowerhimtoتعطيل
disablehisfingers,heshouldendeavour,withGod’shelp,topreventhisfutureimprovement.And,indeed,hepunctuallyperformedwhathehadundertaken;
for,onpretencethatIhadwrittenimpertinentletterstomygrandfather,hecausedaboardtobemadewith
خمسة
fiveholesinit,throughwhichhethrustthefingersandthumbofmyrighthand,andfasteneditbywhipcordtomywrist,insuchamanneraseffectuallydebarredmetheاستخدام
useofmypen.But
هذا
thisrestraintIwasfreedfrominaقليلة
fewdays,byanaccidentwhichhappenedinaشجار
quarrelbetweenmeandanotherفتى
boy;who,takinguponhimto
إهانة
insultmypoverty,Iwassoincensedathisungenerousreproachthatwithواحدة
onestrokewithmymachineIcuthimtotheskull,tothegreatterrorofmyselfandschoolfellows,wholefthimbleedingontheground,andrantoinformthemasterofwhathadhappened.Iwassoseverelypunishedforthistrespassthat,wereItolivetotheageofMethusalem,the
الانطباع
impressionitmadeonmewouldnotbeeffaced;the
أكثر
morethantheantipathyandhorrorIconceivedforthemercilessالطاغية
tyrantwhoinflictedit.The
الازدراء
contemptwhichmyappearancenaturallyproducedinكل
allwhosawme,thecontinualwantstowhichIwasexposed,andmyownhaughtydisposition,impatientofaffronts,involvedmeinعلى
athousandtroublesomeadventures,bywhichIwasatlengthinuredinالشدائد
adversity,andemboldenedtoundertakingsfarabovemyyears.IwasofteninhumanlyscourgedforcrimesIdidnotcommit,because,havingthecharacterof
على
avagabondinthevillage,كل
everypieceofmischief,whoseauthorlayunknown,waschargeduponme.IhavebeenfoundguiltyofrobbingorchardsI
لم
neverentered,ofkillingcatsIلم
neverhunted,ofstealinggingerbreadIلم
nevertouched,andofabusingoldwomenIلم
neversaw.Nay,astammering
النجار
carpenterhadeloquenceenoughtopersuademymasterthatIfiredعلى
apistolloadedwithsmallالنار
shotintohiswindow;thoughmy
صاحبة
landladyandthewholefamilyborewitnessأن
thatIwasabedfastasleepattheالوقت
timewhenthisoutragewascommitted.Iwasoncefloggedforhavingnarrowlyescapeddrowning,bythesinkingofa
العبارة
ferryboatinwhichIwaspassenger.Another
وقت
time,forhavingrecoveredofaكدمة
bruiseoccasionedbyahorseandcartrunningoverme.Athirdtime,forbeingbittenbyabaker’sdog.
Inshort,
سواء
whetherIwasguiltyorunfortunate,theتصحيح
correctionandsympathyofthisالتعسفي
arbitrarypedagoguewerethesame.الآن
Farfrombeingsubduedbythisinformalالاستخدام
usage,myindignationtriumphedoverthatslavishالرعب
awewhichhadhithertoenforcedmyobedience;and
في
themoremyyearsandknowledgeincreased,في
themoreIperceivedtheالظلم
injusticeandbarbarityofhisbehaviour.Bythehelpofanuncommon
عبقرية
genius,andtheadviceanddirectionofourusher,الذي
whohadservedmyfatherinhistravels,Imadeasurprisingprogressintheclassics,writing,andarithmetic;sothat,
قبل
beforeIwastwelveyearsold,Iwasallowedbyالجميع
everybodytobethebestscholarintheالمدرسة
school.Thisqualification,togetherwith
في
theboldnessoftemperandstrengthofmakewhichhadsubjectedalmostجميع
allmycontemporaries,gavemesuchinfluenceoverthemthatIbegantoformcabalsضد
againstmypersecutor;andwasinhopeof,being
قادرة
abletobidhimdefianceinعلى
averyshorttime.Beingatthe
رأس
headofafaction,consistingofthirtyboys,mostofthemofmyownage,Iwasdeterminedtoأضع
puttheirmettletotrial,thatImightأعرف
knowhowfartheyweretobedependedupon,قبل
beforeIputmygrandschemeinالتنفيذ
execution:withthisview,weattackedabodyofstoutapprentices,whohadtakenpossessionofa
جزء
partofthegroundallottedtousfortheschemeofourdiversions,andwhowerethenplayingatninepinsontheالفور
spot;butIhadthemortificationtoseemyadherentsroutedinan
لحظة
instant,andalegofأحد
oneofthembrokeinhisflightbythebowl,الذي
whichoneofouradversarieshaddetachedinpursuitofus.هذا
Thisdiscomfituredidnothinderusfromengagingthemبعد
afterwardsinfrequentskirmishes,whichwemaintainedbythrowingstonesatعلى
adistance,whereinIreceivedالعديد
manywounds,thescarsofالتي
whichstillremain.Ourenemiesweresoharassedandinterruptedby
هذه
thesealarmsthattheyatlastabandonedtheirconquest,andleftustothepeaceableenjoymentofourownterritories.Itwouldbeendlesstoenumeratetheexploitsweperformedinthecourseof
هذا
thisconfederacy,whichbecametheterrorofthewholevillage;insomuchthat,
عندما
whendifferentinterestsdividedit,أحد
oneofthepartiescommonlycourtedtheمساعدة
assistanceofRoderickRandom(byالذي
whichnameIwasknown)tocastthebalance,andkeeptheoppositeالفصيل
factioninawe.Meanwhile,Itook
في
theadvantageofeveryplay-daytopresentmyselfbeforemygrandfather,towhomIseldomfoundالوصول
access,byreasonofhisbeingعن كثب
closelybesiegedbyanumerousعائلة
familyofhisfemalegrandchildren,who,thoughtheyperpetuallyquarrelledamongthemselves,لم
neverfailedtojoinagainstme,asفي
thecommonenemyofall.Hisheir,whowasaboutthe
سن
ageofeighteen,mindednothingbutfox-hunting,andindeedwasqualifiedforشيء
nothingelse,notwithstandinghisgrandfather’sتساهل
indulgenceinentertainingatutorforhimatالمنزل
home;whoatthesame
الوقت
timeperformedtheofficeofparishكاتب
clerk.ThisyoungActaeon,whoinheritedhisgrandfather’santipathytoeverythingindistress,
لم
neversateyesonmeدون
withoutuncouplinghisbeagles,andhuntingmeintosomeكوخ
cottageorother,whitherIgenerallyfledforshelter.InthisChristian
التسلية
amusementhewasencouragedbyhispreceptor,who,noشك
doubt,tooksuchopportunitiestoingratiatehimselfمع
withtherisingsun,observing,thattheالعجوز
oldgentleman,accordingtothecourseofالطبيعة
nature,hadnotlongtolive,forhewasalreadyontheوشك
vergeoffourscore.CHAPTERIII
MyMother’s
شقيق
Brotherarrives—relievesme—aDescriptionofhim—hegoesalongwithmetotheمنزل
HouseofmyGrandfather—isencounteredbyhisDogs—defeatsthem,بعد
afterabloodyEngagement—isadmittedtotheالعجوز
oldGentleman—aDialoguebetweenthem.About
هذا
thistimemymother’sonlyشقيق
brother,whohadbeenlongالخارج
abroad,lieutenantofaman-of-war,arrivedinhisowncountry;wherebeinginformedofmycondition,hecametoseeme,andoutofhisslenderfinancesnotonlysuppliedmewithwhatnecessariesIwantedforthepresent,butresolvednotto
مغادرة
leavethecountryuntilhehadprevailedonmyجدي
grandfathertosettlesomethinghandsomeforthefuture.هذه
Thiswasatasktowhichhewasbynomeansequal,beingentirelyignorant,notفقط
onlyofthejudge’sdisposition,butalsoofthewaysofmeninعام
general,towhichhiseducationonمتن
boardhadkepthimanutterstranger.Hewasastrongbuiltman,somewhatbandylegged,
مع
withanecklikethatofaالثور
bull,andafacewhich(youmighteasilyperceive)hadwithstoodفي
themostobstinateassaultsofفي
theweather.Hisdressconsistedofasoldier’s
معطف
coatalteredforhimbytheship’sخياط
tailor,astripedflanneljacket,apairofالحمراء
redbreechesspannedwithpitch,cleangrayworstedstockings,كبيرة
largesilverbucklesthatcoveredthree-fourthsofhisshoes,asilver-lacedhat,whosecrownoverlookedthebrimsaboutanبوصة
inchandahalf,blackbobwiginbuckle,acheckshirt,asilkhandkerchief,ahanger,مع
withabrasshandle,girdedtohisthighbyafurnishedlacebelt,andagoodالبلوط
oakplantunderhisarm.Thusequipped,hesetoutwithme(whobyhisbountymadeaverydecentappearance)formygrandfather’s
منزل
house,whereweweresalutedbyJowlerandCaesar,whommycousin,youngmaster,hadletlooseatourapproach.Beingwellacquaintedwiththeinveteracyofthesecurs,Iwasabouttobetakemyselftomyheels,
عندما
whenmyuncleseizedmewithواحدة
onehand,brandishedhiscudgelwiththeother,andatواحدة
oneblowlaidCaesarsprawlingontheالأرض
ground;but,findinghimselfattackedatthesame
الوقت
timeintherearbyJowler,andfearingCaesarmightrecover,hedrewhishanger,wheeledعن
about,andbyaluckystrokeseveredJowler’sرأس
headfromhisbody.By
هذا
thistime,theyoungfoxhunterandthreeservants,مسلحين
armedwithpitchforksandflails,werecometoفي
theassistanceofthedogs,whomtheyfoundbreathlessuponفي
thefield;andmycousinwassoprovokedatthe
وفاة
deathofhisfavourites,thatheorderedhisattendantstoadvance,andtakevengeanceontheirexecutioner,whomheloadedwithallthecursesandreproacheshisangercouldsuggest.Uponwhichmy
عمي
unclesteppedforwardswithanundauntedair,atthesightofwhoseالدموية
bloodyweaponshisantagonistsfellbackمع
withprecipitation,whenheaccostedtheirleaderthus:.“Lookee,brother,yourdogshavingboardedme
دون
withoutprovocation,whatIdidwasinmyowndefence.Soyouhad
الأفضل
bestbecivil,andletusshootعلى
ahead,clearofyou.”Whetherthe
الشاب
youngsquiremisinterpretedmyuncle’sرغبة
desireofpeace,orwasenragedattheمصير
fateofhishoundsbeyondhisusualpitchofالقرار
resolution,Iknownot;buthesnatched
على
aflailfromoneofhisfollowers,andcameupمع
withashowofassaultingtheالملازم
lieutenant,who,puttinghimselfinعلى
apostureofdefence,proceededthus:“Lookee,youlubberly
الابن
sonofaw—e,ifyoucomeathwartme,’wareyourgingerbreadعمل
work.I’llbefoulofyour
الربع
quarter,d—nme.”Thisdeclaration,followedbyaflourishofhishanger,seemedtocheckthe
تقدم
progressoftheyounggentleman’scholer,who,lookingbehindhim,perceivedhisattendantshadslunkintothehouse,shutthegate,andlefthimtodecidethecontentionbyhimself.هنا
Hereaparleyensued,whichwasintroducedbymycousin’sasking,“Whothedevilareyou?Whatdoyouwant?
بعض
Somescoundrelofaseaman,Isuppose,whohasdesertedandturnedthief.لكن
Butdon’tthinkyoushallescape,sirrah—I’llhaveyouhang’d,youالكلب
dog,Iwill.Yourbloodshallpayforthatofmytwohounds,youragamuffin.
Iwouldnothavepartedwiththemtosaveyourwholegenerationfromthegallows,youruffian,you!”
“Noneofyourjaw,youswab—noneofyourjaw,”repliedmyuncle,“elseIshalltrimyourlacedjacketforyou.
Ishallrubyoudownwithanoakentowel,myboy,Ishall.”
Sosaying,hesheathedhishanger,andgraspedhiscudgel.